Freedom as Theme in Psychotherapy and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S456-S456
Author(s):  
J. Vyskocilova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
M. Slepecky ◽  
R. Hruby ◽  
A. Grambal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Psychological Perspective ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship

BackgroundThe problems that a client presents with to therapy may be associated with his possibility of free choice.MethodReview of psychotherapeutic and cognitive behavioral literature.ResultsFrom a psychological perspective, freedom may be either inner or outer, depending on the nature of obstacles and barriers that limit freedom. Therapy may be understood as a process through which the client is guided to actively increase his freedom. This refers to freedom from destructive habits, self-limiting attitudes, compulsive actions, symptoms etc. When creating the relationship, neither the client nor the therapist is entirely free as they bring past conscious and unconscious experiences into it. From the point of view of CBT, freedom is always relative. The idea of absolute freedom results from cognitive distortions – black and white thinking. CBT does not consider overall freedom but relatively free decision-making in particular situations that the client is in. The therapist helps the client to identify his errors in thinking and to learn a more realistic way to formulate his experiences and to use the new attitude to decide more freely. The change in attitude is realized through rehearsing freer behavior and experiments with it in one's life.ConclusionFreedom may be either inner or outer, depending on the nature of obstacles and barriers that limit freedom. Therapy may be understood as a process through which the client is guided to actively increase his freedom.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

COGNITIVE BIASES IMPACT ON THE DECISION MAKING INNOVATION PROCESS

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
A. А. ANTIPOV ◽  
◽  
S. V. MURASHOVA ◽  
A. S. NIKOLAEV ◽  
P. A. ORLIKOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
State Corporation ◽  
Real Increase

The article discusses the concept, prerequisites for the appearance, typology of cognitive distortions, as well as strategies for working with them using cases and trainings, the ways of increasing the efficiency of decisionmaking in the process of managing innovative activities are proposed. The authors have shown the productivity of case-situations of pushing, stimulating, explaining, as well as trainings directly related to working on distortions, behavior changes (reframing) and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Approbation of the described model of working with cognitive distortions was carried out at the enterprise JSC “Electrochemical Plant” of the state corporation “Rosatom”. The authors revealed a real increase in the performance of the organization's employees.

TF-CBT Group Intervention for Children in High Conflict Custody Disputes

2021 ◽  
pp. 106648072110057
Author(s):  
Kelli Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Group Intervention ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
High Conflict ◽  
Custody Disputes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Traumatic Symptoms

This article proposes a conceptual group approach using trauma-based cognitive behavioral therapy for children involved in high conflict custody disputes. Traditionally, interventions for this population have focused on repairing the relationship between parent and child and less on addressing the traumatic symptoms with which the child is suffering. The proposed intervention focuses solely on the needs of the child and provides an outline for seven sessions during which the PRACTICE model of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy is used. Additionally, ethical implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Immersion and distancing across the therapeutic process: relationship to symptoms and emotional arousal

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eunice Barbosa ◽  
Maria Amendoeira ◽  
Tiago Ferreira ◽  
Ana Sofia Teixeira ◽  
José Pinto-Gouveia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Therapeutic Change ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Outcome Questionnaire ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to clarify the roles of immersion and distancing (that is, reflection on an experience from an egocentric point of view or as an observer, respectively) on therapeutic change analyzing i) the evolution of these two perspectives across the resolution of a clinical problem, and ii) the relationship between immersion/distancing with symptoms and emotional arousal. We extracted all the passages of speech pertaining to the most relevant clinical problem of a good outcome case of depression undergoing cognitive-behavioral therapy. We assessed the distancing/immersion of these extracts using the Measure of Immersed and Distanced Speech, and emotional arousal with the Client Emotional Arousal Scale-III. The symptoms were assessed from the Beck Depression Inventory-II and Outcome Questionnaire-10.2. Immersion was associated with symptoms and negative emotions, while distancing was associated with clinical well being and positive emotions. Immersion was still dominant when depressive symptoms were below the clinical threshold. Clinical change was associated with a decrease in immersion and an increase in distancing. The dominance of immersion does not necessarily indicate a bad outcome.

Beyond basic communication: The role of the mother tongue in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 881-892
Author(s):  
Michal Tannenbaum ◽  
Eden Har
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Understanding Emotions

Immigration is a crisis-prone, complex process, often involving the need to acquire a new language, frequently at the expense of the mother tongue. Thus, the phenomenon of immigrants requiring various forms of mental health assistance while having limited fluency in the therapist’s language is widespread. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has become a widely prevalent therapeutic approach in many countries, including countries absorbing immigrants. This article reviews case studies that relate to the use of CBT with immigrants, both in individual and group sessions, focusing on the position of the patient’s mother tongue in the process. Research has persistently shown that the mother tongue is emotionally significant—using it, being exposed to it, expressing emotions and understanding emotions expressed in it, having access to it and to memories encoded in it, and the like. Given these dimensions, it plays a potentially important role in the therapeutic process. The pivotal question, then, is whether a therapeutic process that is essentially emotional can be effective if the mother tongue is not an inherent part of it. This article addresses this issue while examining the mother tongue’s position in CBT, the therapists’ awareness of these issues, the accommodations, if any, made in this regard, the therapists’ point of view, and suggestions for improving the use of CBT with immigrants. It is written to be of relevance to a diverse audience including researchers from varied disciplinary backgrounds, therapists who work with multilingual patients (especially immigrants or members of other minority groups) or are multilingual themselves. Our aims, therefore, are to contribute to the theoretical understanding of the mother tongue’s centrality in emotional processes and to offer some practical recommendations for therapists and training institutions.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy P. Kropf ◽  
Sherry M. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Distortions ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Treatment ◽  
Behavioral Strategies ◽  
Term Care

Chapter 3, “Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: Theory and Practice,” presents the history, examines the theoretical underpinnings, and explains the essential skills and techniques of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Theoretical principles, such as cognitive distortions, underlying assumptions and schema, and their presentation in older adults, are discussed. The treatment approach of CBT is outlined, including the nature of the therapeutic relationship, changing cognitions, behavioral strategies, the use of homework in treatment, and special considerations and adaptations for practice with older clients. Various contexts and settings where CBT is implemented are summarized, such as individual and group settings within community-based, acute-care, and long-term-care facilities. The chapter ends with the case example of cognitive behavioral treatment with an older female caregiver, which highlights and illustrates CBT practice with older adults.

Application of Cognitive-behavioral Therapy in a Case of Obsessive-compulsive Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S644-S644
Author(s):  
L. Rodríguez Andrés ◽  
A. Rodriguez Campos ◽  
I. Sevillano Benito ◽  
H. De la Red Gallego ◽  
C. Noval Canga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatient ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Competing Interest

We present the case report of a 46-year-old woman who experienced obsessive-compulsive symptoms for over twenty years, with multiple relapses, severe depressive symptoms and many hospitalizations in the psychiatric Inpatient Unit. Treatment with different SSRIs, tricyclic antidepressants, atypical antipsychotics and even electroconvulsive therapy were administered with poor results.After her last hospitalization a Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy, including exposure and response prevention and cognitive therapy, is initiated combined with medication, improving depressive symptoms, the ritual behaviors and levels of anxiety.Modern treatments for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) have radically changed how the disorder is viewed. While in the past OCD was regarded as chronic and untreatable, a diagnosis of OCD may now be regarded with hope. Cognitive and behavior therapy and antidepressant medications are currently used to treat the disorder. They can be used to control the symptoms and enable people with OCD to restore normal function in their lives.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Pharmacological Management of Impulsivity and Compulsivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S22-S22
Author(s):  
G. Dom
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Gambling Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Behavioral Addictions ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Pharmacological Interventions ◽  
Pharmacological Management ◽  
Treatment As Usual

Increasingly patients present themselves to psychiatrists and other care providers with a specific request for treatment of one or more behavioral addictions. From a pathogenic point of view impulsivity and compulsivity are important drivers of these behavioral disorders, and as such may represent a target of pharmacological and broader neurobiological, e.g. Neuro-stimulation, treatment. Although currently treatment as usual has a focus on psychosocial and cognitive behavioral interventions, interest is growing toward the pharmacological interventions. In the presentation a state of the art will be presented regarding the pharmacological treatment of behavioral addictions, with a focus on Gambling Disorder and Gaming Disorder.Disclosure of interestMember Advisory Board Lundbeck - Belgium.Received funding from Belgian LOTTO for research into Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Gambling Disorder.

The Relationship Between Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Maintenance Processes, Emotional Distress, and Positive Psychotic Symptoms: Evidence That CBT Is “Not a Quasi-Neuroleptic”

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brockman ◽  
Michael Kiernan ◽  
Vlasios Brakoulias ◽  
Elizabeth Murrell
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Emotional Distress ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
The Relationship

Cognitive behavioral therapy for psychosis (CBTp) has enjoyed a steep rise in popularity over the past 15 years; however, recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses have concluded that CBTp has only modest effects on psychotic syndrome outcomes and that empirical evidence of its superiority over other psychosocial treatments is poor. And although it has been argued by some prominent authors that CBTp is not designed to alleviate the “psychotic syndrome,” there is little empirical evidence linking CBTp change mechanisms with syndrome versus single-symptom outcome measures. This study investigated the relationship between CBTp change processes, beliefs about voices, and thought control strategies, with a range of outcome measures including global positive psychotic symptoms in a sample of 40 voice hearers with established diagnosis of psychotic disorder. Consistent with the assertions of Birchwood and Trower (2006), global positive symptoms were found to be generally poorly related to CBTp change processes. Conversely, these CBTp change processes were found to be generally strongly related to measures of emotional distress and some measures of single psychotic symptoms. The implications for past and future CBTp treatment outcome studies are discussed.

The relationship between social anxiety, shyness and blushing

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S47-S47
Author(s):  
A. Pelissolo ◽  
A. Moukheiber
Keyword(s):  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Clinical Markers ◽  
Personality Profiles ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Fear Of Blushing ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship

The diagnosis of social anxiety disorder (SAD) has seen substantial changes in the last 35 years from its first appearance in the DSM-III in 1980 up to the most recent ones in the DSM-5. Throughout all these changes, this disorder, previously called social phobia, is still considered one homogenous entity with only one specifier (“performance only”) introduced in the DSM-5 revision with specific fears or associated personality profiles not being considered relevant clinical markers to define SAD subtypes. However, our therapeutic experience suggested substantial particularities associated with the fear of blushing in patients with SAD. Some patients presenting this profile, historically called “erythrophobia”, seem to have a very specific type of social anxiety that does not include shyness and other characteristics of classical SAD. In a study conducted in a sample of 450 new consecutive outpatients seeking treatment for SAD, we compared 142 subjects with fear of blushing without other social fears, 97 subjects with fear of blushing with other associated social fears and 190 SAD subjects without fear of blushing. The group with pure fear of blushing presented a different profile when compared with the two other groups: later age of onset, less comorbidity, lower behavioral and temperamental inhibition, i.e. less shyness, and higher self-esteem. Furthermore, from a therapeutic point of view, some specific strategies such as the Task Concentration Training have shown to be particularly effective in fear of blushing. We will further argue the validity of a possible “fear of blushing” subtype of SAD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in a Group of Militaries With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S513-S513
Author(s):  
H. El Kefi ◽  
W. Abdelghaffar ◽  
A. Baatout ◽  
C. Bechikh Brahim ◽  
W. Krir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Relaxation Techniques ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) has a high prevalence and severe impact in military populations. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is indicated in this condition but it is a structured therapy that requires patients’ motivation and doctors’ availability.Objectives and aimsAssess feasibility and effectiveness of CBT in a military group with PTSD.MethodsA group of six militaries that witnessed the same traumatic event (an armed attack) and were diagnosed with PTSD were involved in a structured individual session CBT with one therapist. An assessment using the PTSD checklist for DSM (PCL) was performed initially and in halfway therapy. The therapy included an education about PTSD, a cognitive restructuring, a behavioral approach via home tasks and relaxation techniques.ResultsThe initial PCL scores varied from 25 to 55. All patients were initially on sick leave. Five patients had adjunctive antidepressant medications and one patient was only on therapy. Three patients showed no motivation and were excluded after 3 sessions. Two patients have had 7 weekly sessions and were able to return to work in the same place. One patient with severe PTSD had 2 sessions monthly, he had slight clinical improvement and could not come back to military work. The three patients who are still in therapy have improved PCL scores.ConclusionsCBT can be effective in PTSD. The outcome depends on initial severity of PTSD and assiduity.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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