scholarly journals Ethylene-driven changes in epicuticular wax metabolism in citrus fruit

2022 ◽  
Vol 372 ◽  
pp. 131320
Author(s):  
Paco Romero ◽  
María Teresa Lafuente
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Epicuticular Wax

scholarly journals The Combination of Abscisic Acid (ABA) and Water Stress Regulates the Epicuticular Wax Metabolism and Cuticle Properties of Detached Citrus Fruit

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10242
Author(s):  
Paco Romero ◽  
María Teresa Lafuente
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Storage Duration ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Response To Water ◽  
Layer Composition ◽  
Wax Load

The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) is a major regulator of fruit response to water stress, and may influence cuticle properties and wax layer composition during fruit ripening. This study investigates the effects of ABA on epicuticular wax metabolism regulation in a citrus fruit cultivar with low ABA levels, called Pinalate (Citrus sinensis L. Osbeck), and how this relationship is influenced by water stress after detachment. Harvested ABA-treated fruit were exposed to water stress by storing them at low (30–35%) relative humidity. The total epicuticular wax load rose after fruit detachment, which ABA application decreased earlier and more markedly during fruit-dehydrating storage. ABA treatment changed the abundance of the separated wax fractions and the contents of most individual components, which reveals dependence on the exposure to postharvest water stress and different trends depending on storage duration. A correlation analysis supported these responses, which mostly fitted the expression patterns of the key genes involved in wax biosynthesis and transport. A cluster analysis indicated that storage duration is an important factor for the exogenous ABA influence and the postharvest environment on epicuticular wax composition, cuticle properties and fruit physiology. Dynamic ABA-mediated reconfiguration of wax metabolism is influenced by fruit exposure to water stress conditions.

Epicuticular wax and its hydrocarbons from inter-juice-sac spaces in citrus fruit segments

1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 1158-1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilan Shomer ◽  
Itamar Ben-Gera ◽  
Noach Ben-Shalom
Keyword(s):  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Epicuticular Wax

scholarly journals Abscisic Acid Deficiency Alters Epicuticular Wax Metabolism and Morphology That Leads to Increased Cuticle Permeability During Sweet Orange (Citrus sinensis) Fruit Ripening

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paco Romero ◽  
María Teresa Lafuente
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Citrus Sinensis ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Primary Alcohol ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Primary Alcohols ◽  
Ripening Stages

Citrus fruit ripening is coupled with the synthesis and deposition of epicuticular waxes, which reduces water loss during fruit postharvest storage. Although abscisic acid (ABA) is a major regulator of citrus fruit ripening, whether ABA mediates epicuticular wax formation during this process remains poorly understood. We investigated the implication of ABA in cuticle properties and epicuticular wax metabolism, composition, and morphology by comparing the Navelate orange [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] and its ABA biosynthesis-impaired mutant Pinalate in four ripening stages. ABA deficiency had minor effects on cuticle thickness and epicuticular wax load, but correlated with cuticle permeability. ABA content aligned with mostly fatty acids accumulation in both cultivars, and also with specific alkane, terpenoid, and aldehyde constituents in the parental fruit. In turn, cuticle permeability correlated with the fatty acid profile during fruit ripening in the Navelate and Pinalate, and with primary alcohols, terpenoids, and aldehydes, but only in the mutant fruit. Low ABA levels increased the susceptibility of waxes to crack and were lost from the epicuticular layer. The RNA-seq analysis highlighted the differential regulation of a list of 87 cuticle-related genes between genotypes and ripening stages. Changes in the gene expression of the selected genes in both cultivars were consistent with the content of the aliphatics and terpenoid fractions during ripening. The results suggest a role for ABA in the regulation of fatty acid content and primary alcohol composition, and point out the importance of alkane and triterpenoid for controlling water permeance through fruit cuticles.

scholarly journals Response of Citrus Fruit to High-pressure Washing

1998 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 661-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Petracek ◽  
D. Frank Kelsey ◽  
Craig Davis
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
High Water ◽  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Citrus Paradisi ◽  
Ethylene Response ◽  
Nozzle Pressure ◽  
Fruit Mass

The effect of high-pressure washing (HPW) on the surface morphology and physiology of citrus fruit was examined. Mature white (Citrus paradisi Macf. `Marsh') and red (Citrus paradisi Macf. `Ruby Red') grapefruit, oranges (Citrus sinensis L. `Hamlin'), and tangelos (Citrus reticulata Blanco × Citrus paradisi Macf. `Orlando') were washed on a roller brush bed and under a water spraying system for which water pressure was varied. Washing white grapefruit and oranges for 10 seconds under conventional low water pressure (345 kPa at cone nozzle) had little effect on peel wax fine structure. Washing fruit for 10 seconds under high water pressure (1380 or 2760 kPa at veejet nozzle) removed most epicuticular wax platelets from the surface as well as other surface debris such as sand grains. Despite the removal of epicuticular wax, HPW did not affect whole fruit mass loss or exchange of water, O2, or CO2 at the midsection of the fruit. Analysis of the effect of nozzle pressure (345, 1380, or 2760 kPa), period of exposure (10 or 60 seconds), and wax application on internal gas concentrations 18 hours after washing showed that increasing nozzle pressure increased internal CO2 concentrations while waxing increased internal ethylene and CO2 concentrations and decreased O2 concentrations. An apparent wound ethylene response was often elicited from fruit washed under high pressures (≥2070 kPa) or for long exposure times (≥30 seconds).

SEM studies of foliar epicuticular wax morphology in some taxa of Euphorbiaceae With one Table and 6 Plates

1993 ◽  
Vol 104 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 361-370
Author(s):  
K. Kulshreshtha ◽  
K. J. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Epicuticular Wax ◽  
Sem Studies

The diazepam-like sedative effects of vaporized essential oil from the Okinawan Kabuchii citrus fruit

Planta Medica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kobayashi ◽  
H Takemoto ◽  
Z Fu ◽  
E Shimizu ◽  
Y Kinjo
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Sedative Effects

Modern Technology for Image processing and Computer vision -A Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Takialddin Al Smadi
Keyword(s):  
Image Processing ◽  
Computer Vision ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Video Compression ◽  
Video Processing ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Image And Video Processing ◽  
Depth Video

This survey outlines the use of computer vision in Image and video processing in multidisciplinary applications; either in academia or industry, which are active in this field.The scope of this paper covers the theoretical and practical aspects in image and video processing in addition of computer vision, from essential research to evolution of application.In this paper a various subjects of image processing and computer vision will be demonstrated ,these subjects are spanned from the evolution of mobile augmented reality (MAR) applications, to augmented reality under 3D modeling and real time depth imaging, video processing algorithms will be discussed to get higher depth video compression, beside that in the field of mobile platform an automatic computer vision system for citrus fruit has been implemented ,where the Bayesian classification with Boundary Growing to detect the text in the video scene. Also the paper illustrates the usability of the handed interactive method to the portable projector based on augmented reality.   © 2018 JASET, International Scholars and Researchers Association

Navel Orange Pitting Stimulated by Waxing and High Storage Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 520b-520
Author(s):  
Huating Dou ◽  
Peter D. Petracek ◽  
Craig Davis
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Chilling Injury ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Oil Glands ◽  
C Storage ◽  
High Storage Temperature ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Citrus Varieties

Navel oranges are reportedly susceptible to postharvest peel disorders, including chilling injury and aging/stem end rind breakdown. These and other physiological disorders are sometimes given the common term “navel rind breakdown.” California citrus industry reports on recent incidences of navel rind breakdown suggested that some instances of this disorder were similar to “postharvest pitting,” a disorder that we have observed in a number of Florida citrus varieties. Thus, we decided to define the morphology and etiology of pitting of `Washington' navel orange (Citrus sinensis L.) peel. The disorder was characterized by the collapse of clusters of oil glands and was stimulated by wax application and high temperature (≥13 °C) storage. Internal ethanol levels of waxed fruit stored at high temperature (13 or 21 °C) were significantly higher among fruit that developed pitting than those that did not. The pitting observed in these studies is comparable to previously observed navel orange disorders that have occurred without known cause. Navel orange pitting is morphologically and etiologically distinct from chilling injury and aging/stem end rind breakdown, but is similar to postharvest pitting of Florida citrus fruit.

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