Controllable modification for adjacent circumstance controls cellulose conversion to ketols on Ni CCCs at particle levels

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 303 ◽  
pp. 121266
Author(s):  
Zhuqian Xiao ◽  
Wenwen Zhao ◽  
Xingyi Wu ◽  
Chuang Xing ◽  
Jianbing Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cellulose Conversion

scholarly journals Comparison of Corn Stover Pretreatments with Lewis Acid Catalyzed Choline Chloride, Glycerol and Choline Chloride-Glycerol Deep Eutectic Solvent

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1170
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhu ◽  
Benkun Qi ◽  
Xinquan Liang ◽  
Jianquan Luo ◽  
Yinhua Wan
Keyword(s):  
Corn Stover ◽  
Lewis Acid ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Glycerol Solution ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Biomass Processing ◽  
Acid Catalyzed ◽  
Highly Correlated

Herein, corn stover (CS) was pretreated by less corrosive lewis acid FeCl3 acidified solutions of neat and aqueous deep eutectic solvent (DES), aqueous ChCl and glycerol at 120 °C for 4 h with single FeCl3 pretreatment as control. It was unexpected that acidified solutions of both ChCl and glycerol were found to be more efficient at removing lignin and xylan, leading to higher enzymatic digestibility of pretreated CS than acidified DES. Comparatively, acidified ChCl solution exhibited better pretreatment performance than acidified glycerol solution. In addition, 20 wt% water in DES dramatically reduced the capability of DES for delignification and xylan removal and subsequent enzymatic cellulose saccharification of pretreated CS. Correlation analysis showed that enzymatic saccharification of pretreated CS was highly correlated to delignification and cellulose crystallinity, but lowly correlated to xylan removal. Recyclability experiments of different acidified pretreatment solutions showed progressive decrease in the pretreatment performance with increasing recycling runs. After four cycles, the smallest decrease in enzymatic cellulose conversion (22.07%) was observed from acidified neat DES pretreatment, while the largest decrease (43.80%) was from acidified ChCl pretreatment. Those findings would provide useful information for biomass processing with ChCl, glycerol and ChCl-glycerol DES.

Promotion effects of Pd on tungsten carbide catalysts: physiochemical properties and cellulose conversion performance

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (90) ◽  
pp. 87756-87766 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauco F. Leal ◽  
Silvia F. Moya ◽  
Debora M. Meira ◽  
Dean H. Barrett ◽  
Erico Teixeira-Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Aldol Reactions ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Conversion Performance

A multi-functional catalyst, which is able to perform both retro-aldol reactions followed by hydrogenation, is required to convert cellulose into value-added chemicals such as ethylene glycol (EG) in a one-pot reaction.

scholarly journals Toward Biochemical Conversion of Lignocellulose On-Farm: Pretreatment and Hydrolysis of Corn Stover in Situ

2017 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 1025-1033
Author(s):  
Alicia A. Modenbach ◽  
Sue E. Nokes ◽  
Michael D. Montross ◽  
Barbara L. Knutson
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Corn Stover ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Solids ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Biochemical Conversion ◽  
High Solids Loading ◽  
Combined Pretreatment ◽  
Pretreatment Conditions ◽  
On Farm

Abstract. High-solids lignocellulosic pretreatment using NaOH followed by high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated for an on-farm biochemical conversion process. Increasing the solids loadings for these processes has the potential for increasing glucose concentrations and downstream ethanol production; however, sequential processing at high-solids loading similar to an on-farm cellulose conversion system has not been studied. This research quantified the effects of high-solids pretreatment with NaOH and subsequent high-solids enzymatic hydrolysis on cellulose conversion. As expected, conversion efficiency was reduced; however, the highest glucose concentration (40.2 g L-1), and therefore the highest potential ethanol concentration, resulted from the high-solids combined pretreatment and hydrolysis. Increasing the enzyme dosage improved cellulose conversion from 9.6% to 36.8% when high-solids loadings were used in both unit operations; however, increasing NaOH loading and pretreatment time did not increase the conversion efficiency. The enzyme-to-substrate ratio had a larger impact on cellulose conversion than the NaOH pretreatment conditions studied, resulting in recommendations for an on-farm bioconversion system. Keywords: Corn stover, Enzymatic hydrolysis, Enzyme loading, High solids, Low solids, Sodium hydroxide.

scholarly journals Defining the Frontiers of Synergism between Cellulolytic Enzymes for Improved Hydrolysis of Lignocellulosic Feedstocks

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1343
Author(s):  
Mpho S. Mafa ◽  
Brett I. Pletschke ◽  
Samkelo Malgas
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Cellulose Hydrolysis ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzymes ◽  
Cellulolytic Enzyme ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Lignocellulosic Feedstocks ◽  
Polysaccharide Monooxygenases ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

Lignocellulose has economic potential as a bio-resource for the production of value-added products (VAPs) and biofuels. The commercialization of biofuels and VAPs requires efficient enzyme cocktail activities that can lower their costs. However, the basis of the synergism between enzymes that compose cellulolytic enzyme cocktails for depolymerizing lignocellulose is not understood. This review aims to address the degree of synergism (DS) thresholds between the cellulolytic enzymes and how this can be used in the formulation of effective cellulolytic enzyme cocktails. DS is a powerful tool that distinguishes between enzymes’ synergism and anti-synergism during the hydrolysis of biomass. It has been established that cellulases, or cellulases and lytic polysaccharide monooxygenases (LPMOs), always synergize during cellulose hydrolysis. However, recent evidence suggests that this is not always the case, as synergism depends on the specific mechanism of action of each enzyme in the combination. Additionally, expansins, nonenzymatic proteins responsible for loosening cell wall fibers, seem to also synergize with cellulases during biomass depolymerization. This review highlighted the following four key factors linked to DS: (1) a DS threshold at which the enzymes synergize and produce a higher product yield than their theoretical sum, (2) a DS threshold at which the enzymes display synergism, but not a higher product yield, (3) a DS threshold at which enzymes do not synergize, and (4) a DS threshold that displays anti-synergy. This review deconvolutes the DS concept for cellulolytic enzymes, to postulate an experimental design approach for achieving higher synergism and cellulose conversion yields.

scholarly journals Kinetic Effects as the Balancing Factor on α-Cellulose Conversion into D-Glucose in Hydrolysis Process of Pt. Tanjung Enim Lestari Solid Waste Using Oscillated Flow

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1 & 2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Sri Haryati
Keyword(s):  
Solid Waste ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Pulp And Paper ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Paper Manufacturing ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Kinetic Effects

A solution to find the best alternative to minimize industry pollution is very necessary especially in pulp and paper manufacturing. One of the alternatives is using waste as feed that will be converted into chemical compound and fuel. Solid waste from pulp and paper manufacturing that contains lignocellulose which is a biomass has potency to be processed for chemical compounds, such as sugar solution (D-glucose), Furfural, and Acetone-Buthanol-Ethanol (ABE). The solid waste in this research is hydrolyzed generating D-glucose solution. The purpose of this research is to study the variables of α-cellulose conversion kinetics as the balancing factor between α-cellulose conversion and energy and mass consumptions. The value of energy and mass consumptions, along with temperature and acid concentration, can be minimized to get higher conversions. Two processes in this method are the preparation and the hydrolyses of α-cellulose by using delignified feed. The hydrolyses process occurs in the Oscillated Reactor Column. The highest conversion was about 50-55% at 10% of sulfic acid concentration.

Making Oxalic Acid From Palm Oil Pelepah (Elaeis Guineensis) Through Nitric Acid Oxidation Reaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Ihwan Rahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Acid ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Elaeis Guineensis ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Nitric Acid Concentration ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Acid Yield

Palm oil palm is one of the solid waste produced by oil palm plantations every harvest. Chemical analysis of palm oil palm oil pellets showed that there are components of cellulose, hemiscellulose, and lignin that show that palm oil pellets have the opportunity to be further processed into useful and economically valuable products. Palm waste contains cellulose by 34.89%, hemiscellulose by 27.14%, and lignin by 19.87%. The analysis conducted on raw materials includes the analysis of water content and cellulose levels of palm oil palm oil. 46.6% and cellulose levels of 29.2%. In this study quantitative analysis was conducted in the form of cellulose conversion and oxalic acid yield. The largest cellulose conversion was obtained at the use of 70% nitric acid concentration and 80 minutes reaction time of 58.56%.

scholarly journals Effects of Biosurfactants on Enzymatic Saccharification and Fermentation of Pretreated Softwood

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfredo Oliva-Taravilla ◽  
Cristhian Carrasco ◽  
Leif J. Jönsson ◽  
Carlos Martín
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis ◽  
Enzymatic Saccharification ◽  
Horse Chestnut ◽  
Yeast Growth ◽  
Cellulose Conversion ◽  
Enzymatic Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolysis Of Cellulose ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

The enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose is inhibited by non-productive adsorption of cellulases to lignin, and that is particularly problematic with lignin-rich materials such as softwood. Although conventional surfactants alleviate non-productive adsorption, using biosurfactants in softwood hydrolysis has not been reported. In this study, the effects of four biosurfactants, namely horse-chestnut escin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa rhamnolipid, and saponins from red and white quinoa varieties, on the enzymatic saccharification of steam-pretreated spruce were investigated. The used biosurfactants improved hydrolysis, and the best-performing one was escin, which led to cellulose conversions above 90%, decreased by around two-thirds lignin inhibition of Avicel hydrolysis, and improved hydrolysis of pretreated spruce by 24%. Red quinoa saponins (RQS) addition resulted in cellulose conversions above 80%, which was around 16% higher than without biosurfactants, and it was more effective than adding rhamnolipid or white quinoa saponins. Cellulose conversion improved with the increase in RQS addition up to 6 g/100 g biomass, but no significant changes were observed above that dosage. Although saponins are known to inhibit yeast growth, no inhibition of Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation of hydrolysates produced with RQS addition was detected. This study shows the potential of biosurfactants for enhancing the enzymatic hydrolysis of steam-pretreated softwood.

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