Determining the recharge sources and circulation depth of thermal waters in Xianyang geothermal field in Guanzhong Basin: The controlling role of Weibei Fault

Geothermics ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 55-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Luo ◽  
Zhonghe Pang ◽  
Jinxia Liu ◽  
Shengbiao Hu ◽  
Song Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Recharge Sources ◽  
Guanzhong Basin

scholarly journals Vapor isotopic evidence for the worsening of winter air quality by anthropogenic combustion-derived water

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (52) ◽  
pp. 33005-33010
Author(s):  
Meng Xing ◽  
Weiguo Liu ◽  
Xia Li ◽  
Weijian Zhou ◽  
Qiyuan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Isotope Composition ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Particulate Pollution ◽  
Guanzhong Basin ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Anthropogenic combustion-derived water (CDW) may accumulate in an airshed due to stagnant air, which may further enhance the formation of secondary aerosols and worsen air quality. Here we collected three-winter-season, hourly resolution, water-vapor stable H and O isotope compositions together with atmospheric physical and chemical data from the city of Xi’an, located in the Guanzhong Basin (GZB) in northwestern China, to elucidate the role of CDW in particulate pollution. Based on our experimentally determined water vapor isotope composition of the CDW for individual and weighted fuels in the basin, we found that CDW constitutes 6.2% of the atmospheric moisture on average and its fraction is positively correlated with [PM2.5] (concentration of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 μm) as well as relative humidity during the periods of rising [PM2.5]. Our modeling results showed that CDW added additional average 4.6 μg m−3 PM2.5 during severely polluted conditions in the GZB, which corresponded to an average 5.1% of local anthropogenic [PM2.5] (average at ∼91.0 μg m−3). Our result is consistent with the proposed positive feedback between the relative humidity and a moisture sensitive air-pollution condition, alerting to the nontrivial role of CDW when considering change of energy structure such as a massive coal-to-gas switch in household heating in winter.

RESISTIVITY, SELF‐POTENTIAL, AND INDUCED‐POLARIZATION SURVEYS OF A VAPOR‐DOMINATED GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM

Geophysics ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1130-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. R. Zohdy ◽  
L. A. Anderson ◽  
L. J. P. Muffler
Keyword(s):  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Induced Polarization ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Electrical Soundings ◽  
Lateral Extent ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Lake Deposits ◽  
Self Potential

The Mud Volcano area in Yellowstone National Park provides an example of a vapor‐dominated geothermal system. A test well drilled to a depth of about 347 ft penetrated the vapor‐dominated reservoir at a depth of less than 300 ft. Subsequently, 16 vertical electrical soundings (VES) of the Schlumberger type were made along a 3.7‐mile traverse to evaluate the electrical resistivity distribution within this geothermal field. Interpretation of the VES curves by computer modeling indicates that the vapor‐dominated layer has a resistivity of about 75–130 ohm‐m and that its lateral extent is about 1 mile. It is characteristically overlain by a low‐resistivity layer of about 2–6.5 ohm‐m, and it is laterally confined by a layer of about 30 ohm‐m. This 30‐ohm‐m layer, which probably represents hot water circulating in low‐porosity rocks, also underlies most of the survey at an average depth of about 1000 ft. Horizontal resistivity profiles, measured with two electrode spacings of an AMN array, qualitatively corroborate the sounding interpretation. The profiling data delineate the southeast boundary of the geothermal field as a distinct transition from low to high apparent resistivities. The northwest boundary is less distinctly defined because of the presence of thick lake deposits of low resistivities. A broad positive self‐potential anomaly is observed over the geothermal field, and it is interpretable in terms of the circulation of the thermal waters. Induced‐polarization anomalies were obtained at the northwest boundary and near the southeast boundary of the vapor‐dominated field. These anomalies probably are caused by relatively high concentrations of pyrite.

Hydrogeochemistry of the thermal waters from the Sciacca Geothermal Field (Sicily, southern Italy)

2011 ◽  
Vol 396 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Capaccioni ◽  
Orlando Vaselli ◽  
Franco Tassi ◽  
Alba P. Santo ◽  
A. Delgado Huertas
Keyword(s):  
Southern Italy ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Thermal Waters

Acid-sulphate hydrothermal alteration of andesitic tuffs and genesis of halloysite and alunite deposits in the Biga Peninsula, Turkey

Clay Minerals ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ö. I. Ece ◽  
P. A. Schroeder ◽  
M. J. Smilley ◽  
J. M. Wampler
Keyword(s):  
Hydrothermal Alteration ◽  
Volcanic Rocks ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Geothermal Waters ◽  
Biga Peninsula ◽  
The North ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
Nw Turkey

AbstractThe Biga Peninsula of NW Turkey is host to six major halloysite deposits in the Go¨nen, Yenice and Balya districts. Mineralization took place in areas of Permian limestone blocks where the Triassic Karakaya Complex is in contact with early Miocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks. Hypogene halloysite mineralization was controlled by the intersection of minor faults in the vicinity of clay deposits. During the Pleistocene, activity of the North Anatolian Fault (NAF) brought ascending geothermal solutions through the fault zones to the surface, which led to hydrothermal alteration and halloysite formation. N-MORB normalized element values for each halloysite deposit and the volcanic rocks suggest genetic links. Alunite and halloysite were formed in the Turplu area where upwelling hydrothermal waters contained major H2S and SO2acids. Only halloysite mineralization occurred in outflow areas of the same fossil geothermal field.Pyrite and alunite samples from the Turplu deposits have δ34S values of 0.6–1.8% and 4.8–7.9%, respectively, with values for gypsum of 3.1–3.5%. The δ34S values of pyrite suggest that local meteoric waters had partially mixed with the dominant fluid during the closure stage of fossil hydrothermal activities. The range of δD values of halloysite samples from Turplu is –58.4 to –68.6%. The δ18O values for halloysite are in the range 16.7–18.1%. All halloysite deposits in the study areas are either overlying or adjacent to limestone blocks, and these provide excellent drainage for the discharging geothermal waters. Subsurface drainage systems in the karstic environment and the SO2-bearing thermal waters indicate the importance of acidic waters and the continuous leaching of elements in forming relatively pure hydrated halloysite. A steam-heated dissolution-precipitation model is proposed for the occurrence of all halloysite and alunite deposits. Sulphur gases (H2S-SO2) of hypogene origin rose from deep in the fault zone to the surface where they encountered oxygenated groundwater at the water table. The occurrence of H2SO4in this hydrothermal system enhanced the acidity of geothermal waters provoking advanced argillic alteration. Hypogene alunite deposits also have large P2O5contents, suggesting a parent material with a magmatic origin deeper than the alkaline tuffs. Halloysite is a fast-forming metastable precursor to kaolinite.

scholarly journals Utilization Waste Brine Water Separator for Binary Electric Energy Conversion in Geothermal Wells

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-420
Author(s):  
Herianto
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Cycle ◽  
Geothermal Field ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Binary Cycle ◽  
Water Separator ◽  
Geothermal Wells

Nowadays, geothermal is one of the most environmentally friendly energy that can replace the role of fossils energy by converting steam to electricity. Brine is one of the by-products of the production of geothermal wells that are generally not used or simply re-injected. In fact, brine can be converted into electricity using the binary cycle process. In binary cycle, brine from separator is used as a heater of working fluid and transform it into a vapor phase. The vapor will be used to turn turbines and generators to produce electricity. The working fluid selection in accordance with the heating fluid temperature becomes important because it results in optimization of the thermodynamic cycle. The temperature of the wellhead in the geothermal field will decrease 3% per year and reducing the heating fluid temperature in heat exchanger. So, in this paper intends to utilizes brine to heat the heat exchanger by using iso-butane, n-pentane, and iso-pentane because its critical temperature can be stable at 193℃ wellhead temperatures. From the results of predictions from brain 2 production well for 17 years with iso-butane in this binary cycle planning, can utilize waste brine water separator to converse electric energy to produce 4 MWh electricity.

scholarly journals A hazai egészségturizmus minőségügyi értékelése

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
Tibor Marosi ◽  
Pál Molnár
Keyword(s):  
Tourism Industry ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Thermal Waters ◽  
Health Tourism ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Quality Management Systems ◽  
Wellness Tourism ◽  
Tourism Services ◽  
Outer Environment

In recent years, the role of health tourism has become more significant in Hungary due to growing health awareness, good domestic conditions and the increasingly completed health services. Beside the conditions Hungary has long traditions and internationally accepted references in this area, nowadays wellness tourism is becoming increasingly popularHungary is one of the biggest source of thermal waters, thus health tourism can be a vital part of the domestic tourism industry. The developments of health tourism services are also important for tourist destination. In this paper an overall assessment was done about the services belong to health tourism. Applying a questionnaire survey the evaluation of a Hungarian practice was accomplished, and about 100 wellness hotel were involved, from all parts of Hungary. The results indicate that quality management systems are applied in high rate, but requirements are not determined or applied precisely. Also important establishment is that wellness hotels take the necessary steps to shape up the inner and outer environment perfectly, but feedbacks and direct surveys of guests are missing in many cases. The competition is strong in the market of health tourism, if Hungary means to strengthen his position has pay more attention for implementation of quality practice.

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