LTST: Long-term segmentation tracker with memory attention network

2022 ◽  
pp. 104374
Author(s):  
Lang Yu ◽  
Baojun Qiao ◽  
Huanlong Zhang ◽  
Junyang Yu ◽  
Xin He
Keyword(s):  
Attention Network ◽  
With Memory

scholarly journals The lateral intraparietal sulcus takes viewpoint changes into account during memory-guided attention in natural scenes

2021 ◽  
Vol 226 (4) ◽  
pp. 989-1006
Author(s):  
Ilenia Salsano ◽  
Valerio Santangelo ◽  
Emiliano Macaluso
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Temporal Cortex ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Natural Scenes ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Low Contrast ◽  
Dorsal Attention Network

AbstractPrevious studies demonstrated that long-term memory related to object-position in natural scenes guides visuo-spatial attention during subsequent search. Memory-guided attention has been associated with the activation of memory regions (the medial-temporal cortex) and with the fronto-parietal attention network. Notably, these circuits represent external locations with different frames of reference: egocentric (i.e., eyes/head-centered) in the dorsal attention network vs. allocentric (i.e., world/scene-centered) in the medial temporal cortex. Here we used behavioral measures and fMRI to assess the contribution of egocentric and allocentric spatial information during memory-guided attention. At encoding, participants were presented with real-world scenes and asked to search for and memorize the location of a high-contrast target superimposed in half of the scenes. At retrieval, participants viewed again the same scenes, now all including a low-contrast target. In scenes that included the target at encoding, the target was presented at the same scene-location. Critically, scenes were now shown either from the same or different viewpoint compared with encoding. This resulted in a memory-by-view design (target seen/unseen x same/different view), which allowed us teasing apart the role of allocentric vs. egocentric signals during memory-guided attention. Retrieval-related results showed greater search-accuracy for seen than unseen targets, both in the same and different views, indicating that memory contributes to visual search notwithstanding perspective changes. This view-change independent effect was associated with the activation of the left lateral intra-parietal sulcus. Our results demonstrate that this parietal region mediates memory-guided attention by taking into account allocentric/scene-centered information about the objects' position in the external world.

Effect of chronic intraperitoneal aminoguanidine on memory and expression of Bcl-2 family genes in diabetic rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (6) ◽  
pp. 669-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsen Alipour ◽  
Fatemeh Adineh ◽  
Hossein Mosatafavi ◽  
Azam Aminabadi ◽  
Hananeh Monirinasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Gene Expressions ◽  
Family Gene ◽  
Higher Doses ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Hippocampal Apoptosis

Long-term hyperglycemia associates with memory defects via hippocampal cells damaging. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of 1 month of i.p. injections of AG on passive avoidance learning (PAL) and hippocampal apoptosis in rat. Eighty male rats were divided into 10 groups: control, nondiabetics and STZ-induced diabetics treated with AG (50, 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, i.p.). PAL and the Bcl-2 family gene expressions were determined. Diabetes resulted in memory and Bcl-2 family gene expression deficits. AG (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly improved the learning and Bcl-2, Bcl-xl, Bax, and Bak impairment in diabetic rats. However, negative effects were indicated by higher doses of the drug (200 and 400 mg/kg). Present study suggests that 1 month of i.p. injections of lower doses of AG, may improve the impaired cognitive tasks in STZ-induced diabetic rats possibly by modulating Bcl-2 family gene expressions.

Cognitive function in cancer survivors: Analysis of the 1999-2002 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 193-193
Author(s):  
AnnaLynn Williams ◽  
Michelle Christine Janelsins ◽  
Edwin van Wijngaarden
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Term Treatment ◽  
Digit Symbol Substitution Test ◽  
Short Term Treatment ◽  
Cognitive Changes ◽  
With Memory

193 Background: Cancer and its treatment may affect cognitive function in up to 35% of survivors months after treatment. While short-term treatment-related cognitive changes are well recognized, only limited research is available in older, long-term survivors of cancer. Methods: Using NHANES data from 1999 through 2002, 408 cancer survivors and 2,639 non-cancer participants age 60 and above were identified. Cognitive function of these groups were compared on self-reported problems with memory or confusion and using the Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), a test of processing speed, attention, and learning and working memory involving executive functions domains. Results: Cancer survivors were on average 72.8 years old and 11.5 years from diagnosis. After adjustment for covariates, cancer survivors scored, on average, 1.99 points lower on the DSST compared to non-cancer survivors (ß=-1.99, 95%CI -3.94, -0.05). Cancer survivors also had 17% higher odds of self-reporting problems with memory or confusion (OR 1.17, 95%CI 0.89, 1.53). Similar results were observed among survivors ≥ 5 years from diagnosis (ß =-2.38, 95%CI -4.57, -0.18, OR1.41, 95%CI 0.99, 2.02). Results suggest that age modifies the association between cancer diagnosis and DSST score (p=0.11) with a larger effect size in the younger group (between 60 and 75 years). Among those younger than 75, cancer survivors performed 3.25 points lower on the DSST compared to non-cancer survivors (ß =-3.25; 95%CI -5.88, -0.62). However, this difference was only 0.18 points lower among those 75 or older (ß =-0.18; 95%CI -2.94, 2.57). Conclusions: This is the only study to examine domain specific cognitive deficits in a large, nationally representative, older population of long-term cancer survivors and the first to report deficits in processing speed, attention, and learning and working memory domains. These domains are thought to be important for social and executive functioning and quality of life. Characterizing affected domains and subpopulations will help to develop and test effective interventions and may influence treatment practices in older cancer patients.

scholarly journals Memory, not just perception, plays an important role in terrestrial mammalian migration

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1855) ◽  
pp. 20170449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe Bracis ◽  
Thomas Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
Clear Signal ◽  
Individual Based Simulation ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Key Questions

One of the key questions regarding the underlying mechanisms of mammalian land migrations is how animals select where to go. Most studies assume perception of resources as the navigational mechanism. The possible role of memory that would allow forecasting conditions at distant locations and times based on information about environmental conditions from previous years has been little studied. We study migrating zebra in Botswana using an individual-based simulation model, where perceptually guided individuals use currently sensed resources at different perceptual ranges, while memory-guided individuals use long-term averages of past resources to forecast future conditions. We compare simulated individuals guided by perception or memory on resource landscapes of remotely sensed vegetation data to trajectories of GPS-tagged zebras. Our results show that memory provides a clear signal that best directs migrants to their destination compared to perception at even the largest perceptual ranges. Zebras modelled with memory arrived two to four times, or up to 100 km, closer to the migration destination than those using perception. We suggest that memory in addition to perception is important for directing ungulate migration. Furthermore, our findings are important for the conservation of migratory mammals, as memory informing direction suggests migration routes could be relatively inflexible.

scholarly journals Overview of Salvia divinorum –Substance-induced psychosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 1714-1718
Author(s):  
Radhika Tyagi ◽  
Sangrila Singh ◽  
Anjali Joshi ◽  
Vishali Chopra ◽  
Priyank Vyas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Synthetic Cannabinoids ◽  
Mental Health Disorders ◽  
Salvia Divinorum ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The People ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Health Disorders ◽  
With Memory

As per the literature, humans ingest a comprehensive range of food materials including drugs along with dietary supplements which are mainly derived through medicinal plant products and modifying the purpose of the central nervous system (CNS). These psychoactive based properties are mainly attributable to the existence of plant-derived secondary metabolites. Most of the cases or studies showed the effects of these phytochemicals derived from secondary metabolites on the human CNS might be linked either to their ecological roles or molecular along with biochemical based properties are reported in case of plants along with higher animals. One of the mental health disorders, psychosis where person losses its capacity of critical thinking, they perceive things differently as compared to the people around. They see or hear things that other people cannot see or hear (hallucination) or even believe things that are not true (delusion). There are so many synthetic psychosis inducer synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) as well as semi-synthetic and natural. Psychosis is a disorder which shows the effect for long-term or sometimes for the short term on an individual. In this review we will mainly look for natural psychosis inducers like Salvia divinorum and this plant may produce some secondary metabolites. Still, many of these are found to show an effect on human health in some or the other way which may range from hallucination to organ failure. These secondary metabolites affect the hippocampus region of the human brain, which is linked with memory. It is interesting to note how one chemical is used for an organism for protection and that one chemical act as a mind-altering chemical for the higher class of organism – the humans.

Dynamic Visual Noise Interferes with Storage in Visual Working Memory

2008 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 283-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graham M. Dean ◽  
Stephen A. Dewhurst ◽  
Annalise Whittaker
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Visual Working Memory ◽  
Visual Noise ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Dynamic Visual Noise ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
With Memory ◽  
Term Storage ◽  
Different Levels

Several studies have demonstrated that dynamic visual noise (DVN) does not interfere with memory for random matrices. This has led to suggestions that (a) visual working memory is distinct from imagery, and (b) visual working memory is not a gateway between sensory input and long-term storage. A comparison of the interference effects of DVN with memory for matrices and colored textures shows that DVN can interfere with visual working memory, probably at a level of visual detail not easily supported by long-term memory structures or the recoding of the visual pattern elements. The results support a gateway model of visuospatial working memory and raise questions about the most appropriate ways to measure and model the different levels of representation of information that can be held in visual working memory.

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