scholarly journals Load speed regulation in compliant mechanical transmission systems using feedback and feedforward control actions

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.R. Raul ◽  
R.V. Dwivedula ◽  
P.R. Pagilla
Keyword(s):  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Control Actions

Optimization for speed regulation strategy of compound coupled hydro-mechanical transmission

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440702098056
Author(s):  
Jin Yu ◽  
Pengfei Shen ◽  
Zhao Wang ◽  
Yurun Song ◽  
Xiaohan Dong
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Dynamic Programming Algorithm ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Programming Algorithm ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Ratio Change ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
Wheel Loaders

Heavy duty vehicles, especially special vehicles, including wheel loaders and sprinklers, generally work with drastic changes in load. With the usage of a conventional hydraulic mechanical transmission, they face with these problems such as low efficiency, high fuel consumption and so forth. Some scholars focus on the research to solve these issues. However, few of them take into optimal strategies the fluctuation of speed ratio change, which can also cause a lot of problems. In this study, a novel speed regulation is proposed which cannot only solve problems above but also overcome impact caused by speed ratio change. Initially, based on the former research of the Compound Coupled Hydro-mechanical Transmission (CCHMT), the basic characteristics of CCHMT are analyzed. Besides, to solve these problems, dynamic programming algorithm is utilized to formulate basic speed regulation strategy under specific operating condition. In order to reduce the problem caused by speed ratio change, a new optimization is applied. The results indicate that the proposed DP optimal speed regulation strategy has better performance on reducing fuel consumption by up to 1.16% and 6.66% in driving cycle JN1015 and in ECE R15 working condition individually, as well as smoothing the fluctuation of speed ratio by up to 12.65% and 19.01% in those two driving cycles respectively. The processes determining the speed regulation strategy can provide a new method to formulate the control strategies of CCHMT under different operating conditions particularlly under real-world conditions.

An Advisory Conceptual Design Tool for Mechanical Transmission Systems

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. P. Huang ◽  
F. W. Liou ◽  
J. J. Malyamakkil ◽  
W. F. Lu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based System ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
Packaging Machine

Abstract This paper presents an advisory conceptual design tool for mechanical transmission systems. Space consideration was taken into account during the design process. A prototype function tree was built in the form of knowledge-based system to transfer a designer’s idea into a set of mechanical components. An advisory expert system was also developed to help a designer in decision making. As an example, a packaging machine is designed using the developed system.

scholarly journals Development of a Novel Sensor for Gear Teeth Wear and Damage Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikram Sridhar ◽  
Kam Chana
Keyword(s):  
Damage Detection ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Harsh Environments ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Gear Teeth ◽  
Gear Box ◽  
Current Sensors

Health monitoring of mechanical transmission systems is an important area of research. Mechanical transmission systems, especially gear boxes in aircraft, automobiles, and wind turbines etc. account for many of the maintenance costs due to repairs, replacements and downtime. Gear boxes can experience high level of failure due to varied load conditions and harsh environments. Replacing the gear box is quite an expensive process and has significant downtime. Current gear box monitoring involves mainly measuring vibrations, however vibrations occur when the fault in the gear has already progressed significantly. Gear teeth monitoring lacks sensor technology to successfully detect tooth damage and misalignment. This paper presents a new concept gear teeth damage detection using eddy current sensors fitted on to the teeth of an idler gear at various locations. These sensors detect various faults encountered in a gear such as micro and macro pitting of the tooth surface, contact wear etc. Eddy current sensors are already being used to detect turbomachinery blade vibrations and tip clearance as they are robust and immune to contamination. In the present case, we use an idler gear that incorporates miniature eddy current sensors and state of the art electronics with wireless data transmission to enable the device to operate remotely and in harsh environments. A rotating rig with gears (spur and helical) and oil supply was built to test and validate the sensor by seeding various faults on the tooth surface. The results show that the idler sensor gear was able to detect various faults. The new eddy current sensor idler gear concept will enable health monitoring of the gearbox and ensure timely maintenance and reduction in operation costs.

Hydrodynamic Torque Converters in Mechanical Transmission Systems: Methods and Analysis

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Hedman
Keyword(s):  
Linear Equations ◽  
Equation System ◽  
Torque Converter ◽  
Transmission System ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Computer Calculations ◽  
System Power

Methods for analysis of general mechanical transmission systems with a hydrodynamic torque converter (HTC) are presented. The methods are adapted for computer calculations. The properties of the HTC must be known, either explicitly as speed and torque characteristics, or implicitly as internal geometry (blade angles, etc.). Linear relationships between the torques and between the speeds of the shafts of the transmission system (except the HTC) are easily formulated. The HTC has coupled, non-linear, relationships for torques and speeds. Different ways of including these non-linear equations are presented. This can be implemented in a computer program. Solving the equation system yields the torque and speed of each shaft of the transmission system. Power losses can be handled.

Fuzzy ADRC Controller Design for PMSM Speed Regulation System

2011 ◽  
Vol 201-203 ◽  
pp. 2405-2408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Su
Keyword(s):  
Controller Design ◽  
Feedforward Control ◽  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
External Disturbance ◽  
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor ◽  
Control Variable ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
Logic Control ◽  
Disturbance Rejection Control

This paper introduces a new fuzzy active disturbance rejection control (ADRC) design technique into permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) speed regulation system. By using fuzzy logic control, the proportional coefficient of nonlinear state error feedback (NLSEF) is timely adjusted to obtain the suitable feedforward control variable. The uncertain term of PMSM is tracked and estimated by using the extended state observer (ESO). The control variable can be obtained through subtracting the estimator of ESO from the output of NLSEF. The simulation results show that the controller operates robustly under modeling uncertainty and external disturbance and produces better dynamic performance than the ADRC controller.

Design of Steering Wheel Control System of Tracked Vehicle of Hydro-Mechanical Differential Turning

2012 ◽  
Vol 472-475 ◽  
pp. 753-756
Author(s):  
Fu Yi Cao ◽  
Zhi Li Zhou ◽  
Hong Jie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Steering Wheel ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Tracked Vehicle ◽  
Scheme Design ◽  
Speed Regulation ◽  
New Type ◽  
Turning Mechanism

The hydro-mechanical differential turning mechanism is the new type of double power flow turning mechanism of tracked vehicle. The hydraulic stepless speed regulation and the high efficiency of mechanical transmission are integrated into the turning mechanism. The stepless turning of tracked vehicle can be achieved. Basing on hydro-mechanical differential turning theory, the scheme design of steering wheel control system of tracked vehicle of hydro-mechanical differential turning is finished. By establishing model of steering wheel control system, its working stability and following characteristic is simulated and analyzed in this paper. The demand of hydro-mechanical differential turning of tracked vehicle can be realized by the steering wheel control system designed through the simulation results.

An Intelligent Design System for Agile Design and Manufacturing of Mechanical Transmission Systems

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Sayed Aziz ◽  
C. Chassapis
Keyword(s):  
Process Design ◽  
Intelligent Design ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Design System ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The World ◽  
Design And Manufacturing

Product development is a process with complicated procedures, which incorporate many aspects of knowledge, experience and teamwork. Specifically, mechanical system design requires an iterative process to determine the desired component design parameters that would satisfy kinematic, performance and manufacturability requirements, which would result in an efficient and reliable operation of speed reduction units. This article describes an approach towards the development of intelligent design support environments for mechanical transmission systems, along with implementation details of a distributed knowledge-based gearing design and manufacturing system that is deployed over the Internet. The system embodies the various tasks of the design process, with modules that address: performance evaluation, process optimization, manufacturability analysis, and provides reasoning and decision-making capabilities for reducing the time between gear tooth creation, detailed design and final production. This methodology is highly desirable in that it is able to simulate real working conditions, evaluate and optimize the design effectively, prevent designers from time-consuming iterations and reduce long and expensive test phases. In an application example relating to process design of a forged gearing system, once a successful power rating is achieved within the design environment through FEA based techniques, the system automatically feeds input parameters into the manufacturing module which carries out all process design and planning stages. Estimation of the number of preforming stages, generation of detail die drawings, and forging load and energy requirements are calculated based on available material design databases, knowledge-based rules and feature-level calculations. Utilization of the World Wide Web, as a medium for the implementation of gear design and its agile manufacturing over the Internet is also being demonstrated. A combination of HTML, JavaScript, VRML, CGI Script and C++ based procedures is used to bring this capability to users distributed anywhere in the world. With the above developments, the problems of experience and expertise for the designers are overcome and unexpected design iterations that cause wastage of engineering time and effort, are avoided. The environment can be easily enhanced with other types of gearing systems.

Pi-Tee Transformations in the Analysis of Mechanical Transmission Lines

1944 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. A41-A46
Author(s):  
G. Horvay ◽  
S. Pines
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Vibration Damper ◽  
Transmission Systems

Abstract A method is given which simplifies the analysis of mechanical transmission systems without making use of “electrical analogies.” The method is applied to the problem of the viscous vibration damper.

Efficiency Analysis on Hydro-Mechanical Transmission

2014 ◽  
Vol 1037 ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhu ◽  
Xiang Gao ◽  
Dao Yuan Pan ◽  
Yu Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Motor System ◽  
Planetary Gear ◽  
Efficiency Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Peak Efficiency ◽  
Hydraulic Power ◽  
Average Efficiency ◽  
Hydrostatic Transmission ◽  
Calculating Method ◽  
Speed Regulation

In order to study the efficiency on hydro-mechanical transmission (HMT),this paper analyses the stepless speed regulation characteristic,torque characteristic and hydraulic power distributing characteristic of HMT.According to the calculating method of efficiency of the closed pump-motor system and planetary gear,the approximate efficiency formulas of HMT were established.The result shows that:the efficiency of HMT is much higher than that of hydrostatic transmission (HST),the peak efficiency of HMT can reach about 90% and the average efficiency of HMT can exceed more than 80%.

Prophase Failure Prediction of the Mechanical Transmission Systems Based on the Biological Evolutionary Algorithm

2013 ◽  
Vol 572 ◽  
pp. 447-450
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Chen ◽  
Lei Xiao ◽  
Zhen Xiang Liu ◽  
Chuang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Algorithm ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Fault Prediction ◽  
Learning Ability ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Mechanical Transmission ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Transmission Systems ◽  
Artificial Intelligence Algorithm

There are several types of the mechanical transmission failure, such as gear tooth broken, fatigue, pitting etc. The deterioration pattern of each failure varies according to the different environment. Furthermore, setting up the fault prediction model is quite difficult, especially at the early stage of the fault. In order to predict the prophase failure of the mechanical transmission systems depends on the condition monitoring signal, this paper researched on the biological evolutionary algorithm combined with other artificial intelligence algorithm. As the case study, the typical failure of the gearbox test-bed, for example gear tooth broken or fatigue at the test-bed was monitored by several sensors. An improved support vector machine (SVM) optimized by genetic algorithm (GA) was chosen to predict the prophase failure of the gear, due to its self-adaption and self-learning ability. The prediction results showed that it simulated the failure pattern well on the condition of a few sample data.

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