scholarly journals L-theanine relieves acute alcoholic liver injury by regulating the TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway in C57BL/6J mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 104699
Author(s):  
Lingli Sun ◽  
Shuai Wen ◽  
Qiuhua Li ◽  
Xingfei Lai ◽  
Ruohong Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Injury ◽  
Tnf Α

Increased severity of alcoholic liver injury in female rats: role of oxidative stress, endotoxin, and chemokines

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (6) ◽  
pp. G1348-G1356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amin A. Nanji ◽  
Kalle Jokelainen ◽  
Maryam Fotouhinia ◽  
Amir Rahemtulla ◽  
Peter Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Liver Injury ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Nonheme Iron ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Injury ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cox 2

Alcoholic liver injury is more severe and rapidly developing in women than men. To evaluate the reason(s) for these gender-related differences, we determined whether pathogenic mechanisms important in alcoholic liver injury in male rats were further upregulated in female rats. Male and age-matched female rats (7/group) were fed ethanol and a diet containing fish oil for 4 wk by intragastric infusion. Dextrose isocalorically replaced ethanol in control rats. We analyzed liver histopathology, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome P-450 (CYP)2E1 activity, nonheme iron, endotoxin, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, and mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2). Alcohol-induced liver injury was more severe in female vs. male rats. Female rats had higher endotoxin, lipid peroxidation, and nonheme iron levels and increased NF-κB activation and upregulation of the chemokines MCP-1 and MIP-2. CYP2E1 activity and TNF-α and COX-2 levels were similar in male and female rats. Remarkably, female rats fed fish oil and dextrose also showed necrosis and inflammation. Our findings in ethanol-fed rats suggest that increased endotoxemia and lipid peroxidation in females stimulate NF-κB activation and chemokine production, enhancing liver injury. TNF-α and COX-2 upregulation are probably important in causing liver injury but do not explain gender-related differences.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Fucoxanthin against Alcoholic Liver Injury by Activation of Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defense and Inhibition of TLR4-Mediated Inflammation

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (10) ◽  
pp. 552 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiawen Zheng ◽  
Xiaoxiao Tian ◽  
Wen Zhang ◽  
Pingan Zheng ◽  
Fangfang Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Liver Tissue ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Serum Marker ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Related Factor ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Injury

Fucoxanthin (Fx) is a natural extract from marine seaweed that has strong antioxidant activity and a variety of other bioactive effects. This study elucidated the protective mechanism of Fx on alcoholic liver injury. Administration of Fx was associated with lower pathological effects in liver tissue and lower serum marker concentrations for liver damage induced by alcohol. Fx also alleviated oxidative stress, and lowered the level of oxides and inflammation in liver tissue. Results indicate that Fx attenuated alcohol-induced oxidative lesions and inflammatory responses by activating the nuclear factor erythrocyte-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)-mediated signaling pathway and down-regulating the expression of the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, respectively. Our findings suggest that Fx can be developed as a potential nutraceutical for preventing alcohol-induced liver injury in the future.

scholarly journals The Protective Effects of Water Extracts of Compound Turmeric Recipe on Acute Alcoholism: An Experimental Research Using a Mouse Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xian-ting Liang ◽  
Yan-yan Wang ◽  
Xiao-yu Hu ◽  
Shao-bo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Injury ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Acute Alcoholism ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
The Brain

Acute alcoholism (AAI) is a common emergency. Currently, there is a lack of preventive and therapeutic drugs with superior safety and efficacy. Curcuma longa, Panax ginseng, Pueraria lobata, Pueraria flower, and Hovenia dulcis Thunb., which are the components of compound turmeric recipe (CTR), are, respectively, used in China as adjuvant therapeutic agents for AAI and alcoholic liver injury, respectively. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of traditional compound turmeric recipe in anti-inebriation treatment and to identify its underlying mechanisms. The mice were administered with CTR mixture, and ethanol was subsequently given to mice by gavage. The effects of CTR on the righting reflex, 24-hour survival, drunken behavior, blood ethanol concentration, and pathological changes of liver are depicted. The activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were detected. Besides, the activities of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-8 (IL-8), alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), cytochrome P450 (P450), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) in the liver and the levels of β-endorphin (β-EP) and leucine enkephalin (LENK) in the brain were also measured. Our results demonstrated that CTR can increase the activities of ADH, ALDH, P450, and SOD and decrease the contents of TNF-α, IL-8, and MDA in the liver. In addition, it can decrease the activities of ALT, AST, and ALP in serum and β-EP and LENK activities in the brain. CTR showed effects on prevention of acute alcoholism, promoting wakefulness, and alleviating alcoholic liver injury, which were likely mediated by the above mechanisms.

Thalidomide prevents alcoholic liver injury in rats through suppression of Kupffer cell sensitization and TNF-α production

2002 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuyuki Enomoto ◽  
Yoshiyuki Takei ◽  
Miyoko Hirose ◽  
Kenichi Ikejima ◽  
Hiroto Miwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Kupffer Cell ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Injury ◽  
Tnf Α

Betulin alleviated ethanol-induced alcoholic liver injury via SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway

2016 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting Bai ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
You-Li Yao ◽  
Peng Sun ◽  
Li-Hua Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Injury ◽  
Ampk Signaling

scholarly journals Puerarin Prevents Acute Liver Injury via Inhibiting Inflammatory Responses and ZEB2 Expression

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junfa Yang ◽  
Maomao Wu ◽  
Hui Fang ◽  
Yue Su ◽  
Lingling Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Acute Liver Injury ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Zeb2 Expression ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Puerarin, an isoflavone component extracted from herb radix puerariae, is widely used in China in the treatment of immune diseases and inflammation. Previous studies have demonstrated that puerarin prevented acute lung injury by regulating inflammatory responses. However, the effect of puerarin on acute liver injury (ALI) was unclear. The purpose of this study was to explore the beneficial effects of puerarin when applied to ALI. We found that puerarin inhibited liver injury and inflammatory cell infiltration in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/D-galactose (D-Gal)-induced acute liver failure and the liver pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in liver tissues with ALI and LPS-induced L-02 cells but upregulated the expression level of zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2). Significantly, the results of this study showed that the inhibition of liver pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) production in LPS-induced L-02 cells was caused by ZEB2 overexpression. However, knocking down ZEB2 promoted LPS-mediated secretion of liver pro-inflammatory cytokines in L-02 cells. Additional experiments showed that puerarin inhibited the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway by elevating ZEB2 expression in L-02 cells. In summary, puerarin most likely prevented activation of the pro-inflammatory factors and reduced LPS/D-Gal-induced liver injury by enhancing the ZEB2 expression level and, consequently, blocking activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in the liver.

scholarly journals Paeoniflorin Protects against ANIT-Induced Cholestatic Liver Injury in Rats via the Activation of SIRT1-FXR Signaling Pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Lisheng Chen ◽  
Shizhang Wei ◽  
Honghong Liu ◽  
Jianyu Li ◽  
Manyi Jing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Injury ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Caspase 1 ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cholestatic Liver Injury

Paeoniflorin (PF), a water-soluble monoterpene glycoside, is initially isolated from the dried roots of Paeonia lactiflora Pall., which has effects on ameliorating cholestasis in our previous study. However, comprehensive approaches for understanding the protective effects and mechanisms underlying cholestatic liver injury from the regulating of bile acid metabolism have not been sufficiently elucidated. This study was aimed to explore the effectiveness as well as potential mechanism of PF on alpha-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced cholestatic liver injury. Rats with cholestasis induced by ANIT was used to evaluate the protective effects and mechanism of PF by regulating SIRT1/FXR and NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway. Rats were intragastrically administrated with ANIT to establish cholestatic liver injury model. Serum levels of ALT, AST, TBA, TBIL, ALP, γ-GT and ALB in rats were detected. The histopathology of the liver of rats was analyzed in vivo. The relative mRNA expression and protein expression levels of IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, HO-1, Nrf2, TLR4, NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC, NF-κB, FXR, and SIRT1 in liver of rats were investigated. The results showed that the serum indexes and the liver histopathology were significantly improved by PF. The overexpression of IL-18, IL-1β, TNF-α, NLRP3, ASC, and Caspase-1 in liver was markedly reduced by PF. Furthermore, PF dramatically increased the mRNA and protein expressions of SIRT1, FXR, HO-1, and Nrf2, but decreased NF-κB p65 and TLR4 levels in liver of rats. Taken together, the protective effects of PF on cholestatic liver injury were possibly related to the activation of the SIRT1/FXR and inhibition of NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway. These findings might provide a potential protection for cholestatic liver injury.

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