scholarly journals Inhaled colistin for the treatment of nosocomial pneumonia due to multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: A real-life experience in tertiary care hospitals in Saudi Arabia

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (8) ◽  
pp. 1009-1013
Author(s):  
Thamer A. Almangour ◽  
Basel Alenazi ◽  
Leen Ghonem ◽  
Abdullah A. Alhifany ◽  
Bassam A. Aldakheel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Nosocomial Pneumonia ◽  
Life Experience ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospitals

scholarly journals Multidrug resistant, extensively drug resistant and pan drug resistant gram negative bacteria at a tertiary care centre in Bhubaneswar

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipti Pattnaik ◽  
Subhra Snigdha Panda ◽  
Nipa Singh ◽  
Smrutilata Sahoo ◽  
Ipsa Mohapatra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Extensively Drug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Drug Resistant Strains ◽  
Esbl Producers

Background: Multidrug resistance has emerged as a challenge in health care settings. Again increasing prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR), extensively drug resistant (XDR) and pan drug resistant (PDR) gram negative bacteria is making the condition more critical because of limited options of antibiotics, increasing morbidity, mortality and hospital stay of the patients. The present study is carried out with an aim to estimate the prevalence of MDR, XDR, PDR gram negative bacteria in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: Total of 912 gram negative bacterial isolates obtained from various samples of indoor patients in a tertiary care hospital, were studied over a period of six months. The bacteria were identified by conventional methods. Antibiotic sensitivity testing was done by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of antibiotics for the resistant isolates were detected by Vitek-2 automated method. MDR, XDR and PDR were determined according to the definitions suggested by European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Prevalence of extended spectrum beta lactamase (ESBL) producers was estimated.Results: Out of 912 isolates, prevalence of MDR, XDR and PDR were 66.12%, 34.32% and 0.98% respectively. Prevalence of MDR and XDR were higher in ICUs than clinical wards (p<0.0001). Prevalence of ESBL producers was 48.4%.Conclusions: The study highlights increased prevalence of multidrug resistant and extensively drug resistant strains in our hospital. Stringent surveillance, proper implementation of hospital infection control practices and antimicrobial stewardship will help in limiting the emergence and spread of drug resistant strains.

scholarly journals Ceftazidime/Avibactam and Ceftolozane/Tazobactam for Multidrug-Resistant Gram Negatives in Patients with Hematological Malignancies: Current Experiences

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianna Criscuolo ◽  
Enrico Maria Trecarichi
Keyword(s):  
Hematological Malignancies ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Severe Infections ◽  
Tract Infections

Patients suffering from hematological malignancies are at high risk for severe infections, including in particular bloodstream infections, which represent one of the most frequent life-threatening complications for these patients, with reported mortality rates reaching 40%. Furthermore, a worrisome increase in antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacteria (e.g., cephalosporin- and/or carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa) involved in severe infectious complications among patients with hematological malignancies has been reported during the last years. The two novel combination of cephalosporins and β-lactamase inhibitors, ceftolozane/tazobactam and ceftazidime/avibactam, were recently approved for treatment of complicated intra-abdominal and urinary tract infections and nosocomial pneumonia and display activity against several MDR Gram-negative strains. Although not specifically approved for neutropenic and/or cancer patients, these drugs are used in this setting due to increasing rates of infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this review is to describe the actual evidence from scientific literature about the “real-life” use of these two novel drugs in patients with hematological malignancies and infections caused by MDR Gram-negative bacteria.

scholarly journals Microbiological profile and Drug Resistant Organism’s pattern in Diabetic Foot Ulcer Patients at Tertiary Care Hospital Puducherry

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 6692-6697
Author(s):  
Jayarani Manikandan ◽  
Jaikumar S ◽  
Sandhya Rani T
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative

Type II diabetes mellitus is a significant health problem that developed globally. This study was carried out on patients with diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) to assess the bacterial and fungal flora, susceptibility, and drug-resistant isolates and devises an empiric antimicrobial therapy. Clinical data and patient samples were collected from 300 diabetic foot ulcer patients between September 2014, and September 2016 and samples were processed as per CLSI guidelines. Most of the pathogenic isolate recovered according to the Wagner classification system in DFU. The most commonly found isolates in our Study was Pseudomonas aeruginosa (22%), Staphylococcus aureus (15%) Escherichia coli (11%) followed by others. Antimicrobial resistance appears in aerobic, anaerobic as well as candida isolates in our study. Our results show most gram-negative bacteria were sensitive to colistin and tigecycline, and 44% of Gram-negative bacteria were ESBL producers, and among 20% of the gram-negative isolates were Multidrug resistant (MDR) organisms. Proper diagnosis of the causative agents, surveillance monitoring on the susceptibility of the isolates and determining the drugs for the empirical treatment of diabetic foot ulcers will prevent prolonged hospital stay and amputation.

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