scholarly journals Geographic variations in shell growth rates of the mussel Diplodon chilensis from temperate lakes of Chile: Implications for biodiversity conservation

Limnologica ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio Valdovinos ◽  
Pablo Pedreros
Keyword(s):  
Biodiversity Conservation ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Temperate Lakes ◽  
Geographic Variations

scholarly journals Age and growth variability of the yellow clam (Mesodesma mactroides) in two populations from Argentina: implications under climate change

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (7) ◽  
pp. 481-494
Author(s):  
M.C. Risoli ◽  
A. Baldoni ◽  
J. Giménez ◽  
B.J. Lomovasky
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Condition Index ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Shell Mass ◽  
Growth Variability ◽  
Two Populations

Morphometric relationships and age and growth rates of the yellow clam (Mesodesma mactroides Reeve, 1854 = Amarilladesma mactroides (Reeve, 1854)) were compared in two populations from Argentina: Santa Teresita (36°32′00″S) and Mar del Plata (37°57′52″S). The Santa Teresita clams were heavier (shell, soft parts) than the Mar del Plata clams. Cross sections stained with Mutvei’s solution and acetate peels revealed an internal shell growth pattern of well-defined slow-growing translucent bands and alternating fast-growing opaque bands. Translucent bands (clusters) representing external rings were formed mostly during October in both sites, coinciding with gonadal maturation processes and spawning. Data confirm the annual formation of translucent bands in this species. Comparison of growth parameters showed a higher growth rate k and lower maximum age in Mar del Plata (8 years) than in Santa Teresita (9 years), which could be triggered by differences in salinity between localities due to the influence of the Rio de la Plata estuary, which is strongly linked to climate variability. Shell mass condition index and Oceanic Niño Index were negatively correlated, showing the influence of El Niño in shell properties of the species. Considering that events are becoming more intense and frequent, changes in growth rates and shell properties of Santa Teresita’s population could be expected to be more vulnerable under climate change.

scholarly journals Growth and metabolism in the Antarctic brachiopod Liothyrella uva

1997 ◽  
Vol 352 (1355) ◽  
pp. 851-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lloyd S. Peck ◽  
Simon Brockington ◽  
Thomas Brey
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Growth Study ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Phytoplankton Productivity ◽  
Main Period ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Mass Increase

Summer and winter growth rates were assessed separately for a population of the Antarctic brachiopod Liothyrella uva between early January 1992 and December 1993. Annual shell growth rates (1.6–2.3 mm yr −1 for a 5 mm individual; 0.96–1.44 mm −1 for a 20 mm specimen) were two to six times slower than those reported for temperate species. Growth in specimens less than 20 mm in length was faster in 1992 than in 1993, although differences between years over the whole size range were not significant. Surprisingly, growth was much faster in winter periods than during the summers. A 5 mm long individual grew five times faster in winter than in summer, and for a 20 mm long specimen the difference was 13 times. This runs contrary to current ideas on the effects of seasonality on the biology of polar marine invertebrates, but may be an effect of maximizing the efficiency of resource utilization. Comparisons with previous work showed shell growth to be decoupled from periods of tissue mass increase, and also from the main period of phytoplankton productivity. Oxygen consumption of 75 of the specimens used in the growth study was measured to test the hypothesis that basal metabolic rates should be inversely correlated with growth rates. Unexpectedly, an analysis of residuals produced no significant relationship, positive or negative, between growth rate and basal metabolism ( F = 1.37, p =0.25, n = 75).

scholarly journals Effect of ocean acidification and elevated temperature on growth of calcifying tubeworm shells (<i>Spirorbis spirorbis</i>): An <i>in-situ</i> benthocosm approach

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Ni ◽  
Isabelle Taubner ◽  
Florian Böhm ◽  
Vera Winde ◽  
Michael E. Böttcher
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. The calcareous tubeworm Spirorbis spirorbis is a wide-spread serpulid species in the Baltic Sea, where it commonly grows as an epibiont on brown macroalgae (genus Fucus). It lives within a Mg-calcite shell and could be affected by ocean acidification and temperature rise induced by the predicted future atmospheric CO2 increase. However, Spirorbis tubes grow in a chemically modified boundary layer around the algae, which may mitigate acidification. In order to investigate how increasing temperature and rising pCO2 may influence S. spirorbis shell growth we carried out four seasonal experiments in the 'Kiel Outdoor Benthocosms' at elevated pCO2 and temperature conditions. Compared to laboratory batch culture experiments the benthocosm approach provides a better representation of natural conditions for physical and biological ecosystem parameters, including seasonal variations. We find that growth rates of S. spirorbis are significantly controlled by ontogenetic and seasonal effects. The length of the newly grown tube is inversely related to the initial diameter of the shell. Our study showed no significant difference of the growth rates between ambient atmospheric and elevated (1100 ppm) pCO2 conditions. No influence of daily average CaCO3 saturation state on the growth rates of S. spirorbiswas observed. We found, however, net growth of the shells even in temporarily undersaturated bulk solutions, under conditions that concurrently favored selective shell surface dissolution. The results suggest an overall resistance of S. spirorbis growth to acidification levels predicted for the year 2100 in the Baltic Sea. In contrast, S. spirorbis did not survive at mean seasonal temperatures exceeding 24 °C during the summer experiments. In the autumn experiments at ambient pCO2, the growth rates of juvenile S. spirorbis were higher under elevated temperature conditions. The results reveal that S. spirorbis may prefer moderately warmer conditions during their early life stages but will suffer from an excessive temperature increase and from increasing shell corrosion as a consequence of progressing ocean acidification.

scholarly journals Effect of temperature rise and ocean acidification on growth of calcifying tubeworm shells (<i>Spirorbis spirorbis</i>): an in situ benthocosm approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1425-1445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sha Ni ◽  
Isabelle Taubner ◽  
Florian Böhm ◽  
Vera Winde ◽  
Michael E. Böttcher
Keyword(s):  
Ocean Acidification ◽  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Temperature Rise ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Saturation State ◽  
Temperature Conditions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Baltic

Abstract. The calcareous tubeworm Spirorbis spirorbis is a widespread serpulid species in the Baltic Sea, where it commonly grows as an epibiont on brown macroalgae (genus Fucus). It lives within a Mg-calcite shell and could be affected by ocean acidification and temperature rise induced by the predicted future atmospheric CO2 increase. However, Spirorbis tubes grow in a chemically modified boundary layer around the algae, which may mitigate acidification. In order to investigate how increasing temperature and rising pCO2 may influence S. spirorbis shell growth we carried out four seasonal experiments in the Kiel Outdoor Benthocosms at elevated pCO2 and temperature conditions. Compared to laboratory batch culture experiments the benthocosm approach provides a better representation of natural conditions for physical and biological ecosystem parameters, including seasonal variations. We find that growth rates of S. spirorbis are significantly controlled by ontogenetic and seasonal effects. The length of the newly grown tube is inversely related to the initial diameter of the shell. Our study showed no significant difference of the growth rates between ambient atmospheric and elevated (1100 ppm) pCO2 conditions. No influence of daily average CaCO3 saturation state on the growth rates of S. spirorbis was observed. We found, however, net growth of the shells even in temporarily undersaturated bulk solutions, under conditions that concurrently favoured selective shell surface dissolution. The results suggest an overall resistance of S. spirorbis growth to acidification levels predicted for the year 2100 in the Baltic Sea. In contrast, S. spirorbis did not survive at mean seasonal temperatures exceeding 24 °C during the summer experiments. In the autumn experiments at ambient pCO2, the growth rates of juvenile S. spirorbis were higher under elevated temperature conditions. The results reveal that S. spirorbis may prefer moderately warmer conditions during their early life stages but will suffer from an excessive temperature increase and from increasing shell corrosion as a consequence of progressing ocean acidification.

Factors influencing shell growth in Cerastoderma edule

1980 ◽  
Vol 210 (1181) ◽  
pp. 513-531 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Lunar Cycle ◽  
Cerastoderma Edule ◽  
Growth Bands ◽  
Total Variability ◽  
Tidal Emersion

Shell increments separated by thin growth bands that are laid down at every tidal emersion allowed detailed short term measurements of growth rate to be made from sections of the shell of Cerastoderma edule . The growth rate showed a coefficient of variation of 22% between individuals from the same level and locality. This, together with the effect of season and position, accounted for 70-95% of the total variability. Of the environmental influences, tidal level was the most important, the rate of growth being proportional to the fraction of time that the animal was immersed and able to feed. Apart from this factor, growth rates remained remarkably uniform throughout the different localities and situations studied in the Menai Straits. There were small (5–10%) but significant differences in growth rate during the spring-neap lunar cycle. At mid and high tide levels and when submerged on a raft the animals grew fastest at springs and slowest during neaps. However, near low water the least growth occurred at springs and the most at neaps. This anomaly is ascribed to the reduced periods of immersion during spring tides and continuous immersion during neaps at this level. Increase in water flow is believed to account for greater growth rates at springs at mean tide level and on the raft. The diurnal variation in illumination had no significant effect on growth rate in field experiments and the beneficial effect of light observed in the laboratory is considered spurious. Abnormal shells demonstrated that apposition of the shell rims and associated mantle edges plays no part in laying down tidal growth bands.

Growth of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in warm-temperate lakes: implications for environmental change

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (5) ◽  
pp. 815-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer M. Blair ◽  
Ilia Ostrovsky ◽  
Brendan J. Hicks ◽  
Robert J. Pitkethley ◽  
Paul Scholes
Keyword(s):  
Rainbow Trout ◽  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Temperate Lakes ◽  
Lake Productivity ◽  
Eutrophic Lakes ◽  
Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus Mykiss ◽  
Warm Temperate

To predict potential effects of climate and anthropogenic impacts on fish growth, we compared growth rates of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in nine closely located warm-temperate lakes of contrasting morphometry, stratification and mixing regime, and trophic state. Analyses of long-term mark–recapture data showed that in deep oligotrophic and mesotrophic lakes, trout growth rates increased with increasing indices of lake productivity. In contrast, in shallow eutrophic lakes, where fish habitat volume is constrained by temperature and dissolved oxygen, trout growth rates declined with increasing productivity. Growth rates were higher in lakes with greater volumes of favourable habitat (i.e., dissolved oxygen > 6.0 mg·L−1 and temperature < 21 °C) and lower in lakes with increased turbidity, chlorophyll a, and nitrogen concentrations. Our findings suggest that increases in lake productivity and temperatures as a result of global climatic change are likely to be more detrimental to salmonid habitat quality in shallower, productive lakes, while salmonids will better endure such changes in deeper, oligotrophic lakes. Fishery managers can use this information to aid future stocking decisions for salmonid fisheries in warm-temperate climates.

Periodicity of chamber formation in chambered cephalopods: evidence from Nautilus macromphalus and Nautilus pompilius

Paleobiology ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Douglas Ward
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Rate Increase ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Observational Period ◽  
Nautilus Pompilius ◽  
Shell Diameter ◽  
Oxygen Isotopic

The growth rates of ammonites and extinct nautiloids have been estimated in two ways: through analyses of shell growth lines and by analyzing the patterns of oxygen isotopic values from successive septa. In both types of studies, it has been assumed that the amount of time between successive chamber formation events is approximately constant. This assumption has never been tested with living cephalopods, however. To examine this, 10 immature Nautilus pompilius and two immature N. macromphalus were maintained in a surface aquarium for a period of 1 yr and periodically radiographed. The radiographs allowed direct observation of chamber formation events and apertural shell growth. During this observational period 61 separate chamber formation events were observed in the nautiluses. The time between separate chamber formation events increased in successively produced chambers, and varied from a minimum of 2–3 wk in a specimen of 45-mm shell diameter to a maximum of 13–15 wk in a specimen of 132-mm shell diameter. Unlike interval of chamber formation, which increased during ontogeny, rate of apertural shell growth showed no observable rate increase or decrease during ontogeny prior to maturity. With the onset of maturity, as marked by the shell characteristics defined by Collins et al. (1980), apertural shell growth rates dropped markedly, and ceased coincident with the removal of the last volumes of cameral liquid in the last formed, approximated chamber. Both rate of apertural shell growth and septal spacing were affected by degree of shell breakage.

Geographical differences in growth rates of Arctica islandica (Mollusca: Bivalvia) from the North Sea and adjacent waters

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-915 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Witbaard ◽  
G.C.A. Duineveld ◽  
P.A.W.J. de Wilde
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Primary Production ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Shell Growth ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Arctica Islandica ◽  
The North ◽  
Standard Coefficient ◽  
The North Sea

Geographical differences in the shell growth rate of several populations of the bivalve Arctica islandica (Mollusca: Bivalvia) were estimated by using the growth lines laid down during their first ten years of life. Attention was focused on populations from the North Sea, but for comparison small samples from adjacent waters were also analysed. A four-fold difference in the average growth rate was found between the slowest and fastest growing shells.Principal component analysis was used to summarize the inter-relationships between environmental variables and growth rates. Shell growth correlated positively with primary production and temperature and inversely with depth and the silt content of the sediment. The North Sea specimens were found to have a strong positive correlation with grain size. Since sediment characteristics also depend on bottom currents, it is suggested that these increased rates reflect lateral seston flux as additional food supply.In a multiple regression model, applied to all available data, average annual temperature, primary production and the interaction between production and water depth explained 50% of the variance. The derived standard coefficients for temperature, primary production and the interaction between depth and primary production were 0.90, 0.47 and −0.92 respectively. The results of this study suggest that the temperature effects on in situ shell growth are easily overruled by other environmental factors.If a similar model was calculated with North Sea data only, 75% of the variance was explained by temperature, primary production and depth×primary production. The standard coefficient for primary production was 1.26. The role of temperature in explaining the observed growth differences is negligible since the standard coefficient is −0.098. The interaction term, depth×primary production had a standard coefficient of −0.95.

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