Voluntary daily fluctuation in dry matter intake is associated to feedlot performance, feeding behavior and rumen morphometrics in beef cattle.

2021 ◽  
pp. 104565
Author(s):  
I.C. Pereira ◽  
C.F. Costa ◽  
C.L. Martins ◽  
M.C.S. Pereira ◽  
M.M. Squizatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Daily Fluctuation

Corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based backgrounding beef cattle diets: Effect on growth and efficiency during the backgrounding and finishing periods

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Swanson ◽  
M. Ko ◽  
C. J. Mader
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Soybean Hulls ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Soybean Hull ◽  
Daily Gain

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of corn or soybean hull incorporation into haylage-based diets on backgrounding calf performance and subsequent feedlot performance. Crossbred steers [n = 48, initial body weight (BW) = 303 ± 3.4 kg] were individually fed dietary treatments consisting of: (1) haylage [17.5% crude protein, dry matter (DM) basis; control], (2) haylage + 20% (DM basis) cracked corn, and (3) haylage + 20% (DM basis) soybean hulls during a 112-d backgrounding period. After the backgrounding period, all steers were adapted to a common high moisture corn-based finishing diet and fed until an ultrasound estimated backfat thickness of 7 mm was obtained. During the backgrounding period, steers fed cracked corn or soybean hulls had greater (P < 0.01) average daily gain, dry matter intake and gain:feed and lower (P = 0.05) plasma urea N as compared with controls. However, when finished on a common high-concentrate diet, steers previously fed cracked corn had greater (P < 0.08) average daily gain, final body weight, and longissimus muscle area than those fed soybean hulls, suggesting that source of supplemental energy during the backgrounding period may influence subsequent feedlot performance. Key words: Beef cattle, backgrounding, energy supplementation

scholarly journals Effects of the association between whole cottonseed and calcium salts of fatty acids on nutrient intake, feedlot performance, and carcass characteristics of Bos indicus animals offered a high-concentrate diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo R. Müller ◽  
Daniel I C. G. Gouvêa ◽  
André F. Francischinelli ◽  
Guiherme D. A. Alvarenga ◽  
Pablo C Castagnino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Calcium Salts ◽  
Whole Cottonseed

Abstract This experiment evaluated the effects of feeding whole cottonseed (WC) and/or calcium salts of fatty acids (CSFA) on dry matter intake (DMI), performance, and carcass characteristics of Bos indicus animals receiving a high-concentrate diet during the finishing phase. On day 0, 96 Nellore bulls were blocked according to initial shrunk body weight (BW; 302 ± 26.7 kg) into group pens (4 animals/pen) and, within blocks, pens were randomly assigned to receive: 1) 15% of WC and 2% of CSFA [dry matter (DM) basis] of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil (15WC; n = 6), 2) 10% of WC and 3% of CSFA (DM basis) of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil (10WC; n = 6), 3) 5% of WC and 4% of CSFA (DM basis) of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil (5WC; n = 6), and 4) 0% of WC and 5% of CSFA (DM basis) of palm, cottonseed, and soybean oil (0WC; n = 6). Diets were formulated to be isocaloric, isonitrogenous, and isolipidic. Experimental period lasted 108 days, whereas dry matter intake (DMI) was evaluated daily and blood samples and carcass measurements were obtained on days 0, 55, and 108 of the study. Upon slaughter on day 109, steaks were collected for determination of the chemical and fatty acid (FA) profile of the meat. No treatment effects (P ≥ 0.35) were observed on DMI, performance, average daily gain (ADG), carcass ultrasound measurements, and chemical variables of the steak. Nonetheless, including WC into the diets increased C12:0, C16:0, C16:1 trans-9, C17:0, C18:0, C18:1 cis-9, C18:2 cis-9,cis-12, C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15, saturated, and unsaturated FA intake (P &lt; 0.01). Moreover, adding WC increased DMI fluctuation and feed efficiency (P = 0.03), but decreased marbling (P ≤ 0.03). A treatment × day interaction was observed (P &lt; 0.01) for serum leptin concentration, as 10WC animals had greater leptin concentration on d 103 vs. other treatments (P &lt; 0.01). Regarding steak FA profile, WC addition into the diet increased C18:2 cis-7,trans-9 and C18:3 cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 (P &lt; 0.001), whereas saturated FA was quadratically affected (P = 0.02) and unsaturated FA was reduced for 15WC (P &lt; 0.04). In summary, increasing levels of CSFA into isolipidic finishing diets containing WC did not negatively impact feedlot performance, but reduced feed efficiency and increased marbling scores of Bos indicus bulls, demonstrating its feasibility as a technology to improve carcass traits of low-marbling animals.

Effect of Forage:Concentrate Ratios in the diet and Intake Restriction on the Rumen Fermentation and Hormone Profiles of Finishing Beef Steers.

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 69-69
Author(s):  
C.L. Thorp ◽  
R.W.J. Steen ◽  
A.R.G. Wylie ◽  
J.D. McEvoy ◽  
C. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Reducing Energy

Studies have shown that reducing energy intake by restricting dry matter intake (DMI) at a constant forage: concentrate (F:C) ratio is more effective at increasing carcass lean and reducing carcass fat content than is reducing energy intake by increasing the F:C ratio (1). Research at this Institute has also shown that, per megajoule of digestible energy (DE), diets restricted in this manner are 45 % more efficient at producing carcass lean.The mechanism by which these methods of restriction result in these differences in carcass composition has previously been assumed to be that of rumen fermentation. More recently however, the significance of rumen fermentation in controlling the carcass composition of beef cattle has been questioned (2,3).The aim of this experiment was to examine the effect of decreasing the F:C ratio, at constant DE and DMI, on both rumen and endocrinological parameters, in particular the hormones insulin and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), in finishing beef steers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of feedlot performance, carcass characteristics, carcass retail cut distribution, Warner-Bratzler shear force, and fatty acid composition of purebred Jersey and crossbred Jersey steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 1475-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerad R Jaborek ◽  
Henry N Zerby ◽  
Steven J Moeller ◽  
Francis L Fluharty ◽  
Alejandro E Relling
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Meat Yield ◽  
Carcass Yield

AbstractFeedlot performance, carcass yield, fatty acid composition, and tenderness of crossbred Jersey steers compared with purebred Jersey steers was investigated. Purebred Jersey (n = 21) and crossbred Jersey steers sired by Angus (n = 9), SimAngus (n = 10), and Red Wagyu (n = 15) bulls were assessed. Adjusted to a common initial body weight (BW), crossbred Jersey steers had a greater rate of BW gain (P ≤ 0.01) compared with purebred Jersey steers. Angus sired steers had a greater daily dry matter intake (P ≤ 0.01) compared with Wagyu and Jersey sired steers, whereas SimAngus sired steers had a greater daily dry matter intake compared with Jersey sired steers. Wagyu sired steers were more feed efficient (P ≤ 0.03) compared with Jersey sired steers. Even with a greater (P ≤ 0.01) number of days on feed, off-test BW of purebred Jersey steers was less (P ≤ 0.01) compared with crossbred Jersey steers. Adjusted to a common hot carcass weight, Angus sired steers had a greater backfat thickness (P ≤ 0.01) compared with steers from the other sire breeds. Kidney fat percentage (P ≤ 0.01) was greatest for Jersey sired steers, with SimAngus and Wagyu sired steers being intermediate, and the lowest for Angus sired steers. Carcasses from Angus and Wagyu sired steers had a greater marbling score (P ≤ 0.03) compared with carcasses from Jersey sired steers. Carcasses from Wagyu sired steers had a greater (P ≤ 0.01) total red meat yield compared with Angus and Jersey sired steers, whereas SimAngus sired steers had a greater total red meat yield compared with Jersey sired steers. Carcasses from Angus sired steers tended (P = 0.07) to have a greater percentage of fat trim compared with Wagyu sired steer carcasses. There were no sire breed differences (P = 0.38) for the percentage of total bone from the carcasses. Tenderness, measured by Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF), was improved (P ≤ 0.01) with 14 d of postmortem aging compared with 7 d. Wagyu and SimAngus sired steers produced steaks with a lesser (P ≤ 0.01) WBSF compared with steaks from Angus and Jersey sired steers. Steaks from Angus sired steers tended (P = 0.10) to have a greater percentage of total lipid and had a greater (P ≤ 0.05) percentage of 16:0 compared with steaks from Jersey sired steers. Overall, crossbred Jersey steers improved economically relevant production parameters of feedlot performance, carcass quality, carcass yield, and instrumental predictors of eating quality compared with purebred Jersey steers.

Evaluation of the National Research Council (NRC) nutrient requirements for beef cattle: Predicting feedlot performance

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 787-792
Author(s):  
E. K. Okine ◽  
D. H. McCartney ◽  
J. B. Basarab
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Feeder Cattle

The accuracy of predicted CowBytes® versus actual dry matter intake (DMI) and average daily gain (ADG) of 407 Hereford × Angus and Charolais × Maine Anjou (445.6 ± 36 kg) feeder cattle using digestable enery acid detergent fiber (DE) estimated from the (ADF) content [Laboratory analysis method (LAB)] and from values determined in vivo (INVIVO method) was examined. The diet consisted of a 73.3% concentrate diet, 22.0% barley silage, 1.6% molasses, and 3.1% feedlot supplement fed ad libitum (as-fed basis). The calculated DE values of the feed were used to predict the metabolizable energy (ME), net energy of maintenance (NEm), and net energy of gain (NEg) of the diet. These energy values were then used in CowBytes® to predict dry matter intake (DMI), ADG, and days on feed (DOF) necessary to meet targeted quality grade of AA and weights of 522 and 568 kg for the heifers and steers, respectively. There was no effect of gender and prediction method interaction (P > 0.10) on any of the variables measured. There were no (P > 0.05) differences in predicted DMI by either the INVIVO or LAB method but both methods underestimated DMI actually consumed by the cattle by 6.8 and 4.9% (P = 0.007), respectively. Indeed, regression values from these predictive methods and actual DMI were (P < 0.05) different from the one-to-one relationship expected by definition. In spite of the higher actual DMI, the actual ADG of the cattle was 14 and 11% (P = 0.0004) lower than was predicted by either the INVIVO or LAB methods. A possible reason for the lower ADG could be an overestimation of DE of the diet. Thus, if available, users of CowBytes® should use actual DMI from their experience in ration formulation. In addition, the effects of environmental temperature on digestibility of diets should be taken into consideration when using the DE of the diet as determined from in vivo digestibility trials or calculated from chemical analyses in determining the DMI of feedlot cattle. Key words: Beef cattle, performance, CowBytes®, National Research Council

scholarly journals OreganoExtract Added into the Diet of Dairy Heifers Changes Feeding Behavior and Concentrate Intake

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovani Jacob Kolling ◽  
Dejani Maíra Panazzolo ◽  
Alexandre Mossate Gabbi ◽  
Marcelo Tempel Stumpf ◽  
Marcel Batista dos Passos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Latency Time ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Dairy Heifers ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Saliva Production

This experiment aimed to describe the effects ofOreganoextract (OE) inclusion into the concentrate fed to dairy heifers on physiological parameters, feeding behavior, intake, and performance. Thirty-two Holstein heifers were randomly distributed into four treatments: C = control, without addition of OE; OE2.5 = 2.5 g; OE5.0 = 5.0 g and OE7.5 = 7.5 g ofOreganoextract per heifer/day. Feeding behavior and concentrate intake were assessed individually every day and total dry matter intake (DMI) was determined on the last week of the trial. Compared to control group, OE7.5 reduced by 32% the latency time to approach the feed bunk but increased by 6% the time spent eating the concentrate. Each inclusion of 2.5 grams of OE into the concentrate increased the occurrence of postingestive licking the feed bunk with abundant saliva production 1.2 times (P<0.01) and tended to increase the occurrence of sneeze events 1.2 times (P<0.10). No statistical difference was detected between treatments for total DMI, but concentrate DMI was 9% lower for OE7.5 when compared to control and OE2.5. The inclusion of 7.5 grams/day of OE causes small but negative effects in feeding behavior and concentrate intake, without change on total dry matter intake.

scholarly journals QTLs associated with dry matter intake, metabolic mid-test weight, growth and feed efficiency have little overlap across 4 beef cattle studies

BMC Genomics ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Saatchi ◽  
Jonathan E Beever ◽  
Jared E Decker ◽  
Dan B Faulkner ◽  
Harvey C Freetly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Weight Growth

The use of coarsely milled barley straw in finishing diets for young beef cattle

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Forbes ◽  
A. M. Raven ◽  
J. H. D. Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Linear Decline

SummaryAn experiment was carried out in which young beef cattle were given diets containing different levels of coarsely milled (1 in screen) barley straw. The proportions of straw used were 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 % and the performance of animals on these diets was compared with that of similar animals on an all concentrate diet. Each diet was given ad libitum to six animals. There was a significant linear decline in live-weight gain with increasing straw intake, the rate of decline being 0·62 ± 0·133 kg per week for each 10 % increase in the level of straw in the diet. The dry matter conversion ratio increased linearly with increasing straw intake, the rate of increase being 0·65 ± 0·186 units for each 10 % increase in straw in the diet. Dry matter intake was significantly (P < 0·001) affected by the proportion of straw in the diet. Although dry matter intake increased to a maximum at a level of 18·8% straw in the diet there was no significant increase in the intake of digestible organic matter (DOMI). There was a significant (P < 0·001) linear decline of 0·19 ± 0·04 kg DOMI with each 10% increase in straw in the diet. There was a significant linear decline in chilled carcase weight to the extent of 5·7 ± 0·096 kg for each 10% increase in straw. The killing-out percentage based on unfasted live weight declined significantly as the percentage of straw in the diet rose from 20 to 30%. However, when the killing-out percentage was calculated on the basis of live weight at slaughter less rumen contents there was no significant difference between treatments.

scholarly journals A NOTE ON CONCENTRATE: LEGUME HAY RATIO IN FATTENING YANKASA SHEEP

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 135-137
Author(s):  
C. A. M. Lakpini ◽  
I. F. Adu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Feedlot Performance ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group D ◽  
Effect Of Feeding

Twenty Yankasa rams, about 1.5 years and weighing between 20 and 25kg. were randomly alloted to four treatment groups of 5 animals each. The groups were used to study the effect of feeding concentrate and groundnut haulms in the ratio of 0:1 (A); 1:1 (B); 1:3 (C); 3:1 (D) on feedlot performance. All animals were fed at 4% of body weight in individual pens through the 86 day experimental period. Total dry matter intake was significantly (P<0.05) highest for Group D and lowest for Group A. It costs least to feed Group A animals but cost of feed per weight gain was least for Group D. Liveweight gain was highest for Group D, which utilized feed most efficiently.   

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