Synergistic effects of ultrasound and photodynamic therapy leading to biofilm eradication on polyurethane catheter surfaces modified with hypericin nanoformulations

Abstract Less invasive removal approaches have been recommended for deep caries lesions. Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) and propolis nanoparticle (PNP) are highlighted for the caries management plan. Evidence is lacking for an additive effect of combination PNP with photosensitizer (PS) in aPDT. This study aimed to investigate the individual and synergistic effects of chlorophyllin-phycocyanin mixture (PhotoActive+) and toluidine blue O (TBO) as PSs in combination with PNP in the aPDT process (aPDTplus) against major important virulence factors of Streptococcus mutans. Following characterization, biocompatibility of the PSs alone, or in combination with PNP were investigated on human gingival fibroblast cell. The in vitro synergy of PhotoActive+ or TBO and PNP was evaluated by the checkerboard method. The bacteria's virulence properties were surveyed in the presence of the PSs, individually as well as in combination. When the PSs were examined in combination (synergistic effect, FIC Index < 0.5), a stronger growth inhibitory activity was exhibited than the individual PSs. The biofilm formation, as well as genes involved in biofilm formation, showed greater suppression when the PSs were employed in combination. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the combination of PhotoActive+ or TBO with PNP with the least cytotoxicity effects and the highest antimicrobial activites would improve aPDT outcomes, leading to synergistic effects and impairing the virulence of S. mutans.

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The Synergistic Effects of Rhodamine 123 and Merocyanine 540: Sensitization of Human Tumor Cell Lines After Laser Exposure: A New Technique of Photodynamic Therapy

Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.1001/archotol.1992.01880020015006 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 118 (2) ◽

pp. 123-123

Author(s):

L. A. ZIESKE

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Tumor Cell ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Human Tumor ◽

Laser Exposure ◽

Tumor Cell Lines ◽

Human Tumor Cell ◽

Human Tumor Cell Lines ◽

Merocyanine 540 ◽

A New Technique

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Immunotherapy for Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13122003 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (12) ◽

pp. 2003

Author(s):

Yifeng Cao ◽

Chuyang Chen ◽

Yi Tao ◽

Weifeng Lin ◽

Ping Wang

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Triple Negative Breast Cancer ◽

Triple Negative ◽

Tumor Vaccine ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Growth Factor Receptor ◽

Progesterone Receptors ◽

Immune Checkpoints ◽

Breast Cancer Patients

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is characterized by extensive tumor heterogeneity at both the pathologic and molecular levels, particularly accelerated aggressiveness, and terrible metastasis. It is responsible for the increased mortality of breast cancer patients. Due to the negative expression of estrogen receptors, progesterone receptors, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, the progress of targeted therapy has been hindered. Higher immune response in TNBCs than for other breast cancer types makes immunotherapy suitable for TNBC therapy. At present, promising treatments in immunotherapy of TNBC include immune checkpoints (ICs) blockade therapy, adoptive T-cell immunotherapy, and tumor vaccine immunotherapy. In addition, nanomedicines exhibit great potential in cancer therapy through the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Immunotherapy-involved combination therapy may exert synergistic effects by combining with other treatments, such as traditional chemotherapy and new treatments, including photodynamic therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT), and sonodynamic therapy (SDT). This review focuses on introducing the principles and latest development as well as progress in using nanocarriers as drug-delivery systems for the immunotherapy of TNBC.

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Evaluation for Synergistic Effects by Combinations of Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) with Temoporfin (mTHPC) and Pt(II) Complexes Carboplatin, Cisplatin or Oxaliplatin in a Set of Five Human Cancer Cell Lines

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms19103183 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (10) ◽

pp. 3183 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Carsten Lange ◽

Patrick Bednarski

Keyword(s):

Photodynamic Therapy ◽

Cell Lines ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Human Cancer ◽

Synergistic Effects ◽

Treatment Strategies ◽

Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Human Cancer Cell ◽

Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽

Pre Treatment

The platinum(II) complexes carboplatin (CBDCA), cisplatin (CDDP) and oxaliplatin (1-OHP) are used as anticancer drugs in a large number of tumour chemotherapy regimens. Many attempts have been made to combine Pt(II)-based chemotherapy with alternative treatment strategies. One such alternative anticancer approach is known as photodynamic therapy (PDT), where a non-toxic photosensitizer (PS) produces oxidative stress via the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after local illumination of the affected tissue. A very promising PS is 5,10,15,20-tetra(m-hydroxyphenyl)chlorin (mTHPC, Temoporfin), which is approved for the treatment of head and neck cancer in Europe. In the present study, a combination of mTHPC-mediated PDT and either CBDCA, CDDP, or 1-OHP was applied to five human cancer cell lines from different tumour origins. Cytotoxicity was determined by the MTT assay and synergistic effects on cytotoxicity were evaluated by calculation of Combination Indices (CI). Synergy was identified in some of the combinations, for example, with 1-OHP in three of the tested cell lines but antagonism was also observed for a number of combinations in certain cell lines. In cases of synergy, elevated ROS levels were observed after combination but apoptosis induction was not necessarily increased compared to a treatment with a single compound. Cell cycle analysis revealed a formation of apoptotic subG1 populations and S phase as well as G2/M phase arrests after combination. In conclusion, pre-treatment with mTHPC-PDT has the potential to sensitize some types of tumour cells towards Pt(II) complexes, in particular 1-OHP but synergy is highly dependent on the type of cancer.

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