scholarly journals The impact of covid-19 on cardiovascular health behaviors in student veterans

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Canjar ◽  
Dylan L. Richard ◽  
Rebecca M. Kappus
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Student Veterans ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals The Impact of a Yearlong Diabetes Prevention Program-Based Lifestyle Intervention on Cardiovascular Health Metrics

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110298
Author(s):  
Susan M. Devaraj ◽  
Bonny Rockette-Wagner ◽  
Rachel G. Miller ◽  
Vincent C. Arena ◽  
Jenna M. Napoleone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Prevention Program ◽  
Diabetes Prevention ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Diabetes Prevention Program ◽  
Behavioral Risk ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Impact

Introduction The American Heart Association created “Life’s Simple Seven” metrics to estimate progress toward improving US cardiovascular health in a standardized manner. Given the widespread use of federally funded Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)-based lifestyle interventions such as the Group Lifestyle Balance (DPP-GLB), evaluation of change in health metrics within such a program is of national interest. This study examined change in cardiovascular health metric scores during the course of a yearlong DPP-GLB intervention. Methods Data were combined from 2 similar randomized trials offering a community based DPP-GLB lifestyle intervention to overweight/obese individuals with prediabetes and/or metabolic syndrome. Pre/post lifestyle intervention participation changes in 5 of the 7 cardiovascular health metrics were examined at 6 and 12 months (BMI, blood pressure, total cholesterol, fasting plasma glucose, physical activity). Smoking was rare and diet was not measured. Results Among 305 participants with complete data (81.8% of 373 eligible adults), significant improvements were demonstrated in all 5 risk factors measured continuously at 6 and 12 months. There were significant positive shifts in the “ideal” and “total” metric scores at both time points. Also noted were beneficial shifts in the proportion of participants across categories for BMI, activity, and blood pressure. Conclusion AHA-metrics could have clinical utility in estimating an individual’s cardiovascular health status and in capturing improvement in cardiometabolic/behavioral risk factors resulting from participation in a community-based translation of the DPP lifestyle intervention.

scholarly journals Health literacy, health status and health behaviors of German students– study protocol for the “Healthy Habits” cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Lange ◽  
Alexandra Löwe ◽  
Gerrit Stassen ◽  
Andrea Schaller
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
The State ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Study Format

Abstract Background The emerging adulthood is traditionally viewed as a time of optimal health, but also as a critical life span, characterized by changing life circumstances and the establishment of an individual lifestyle. Especially university life seems to hold several challenges impeding the manifestation of a health supporting manner, as many students tend to show a poorer health behavior and a higher amount of health-related problems than comparable age groups. This, along with a steady growth of the higher education sector, brings increased attention to the university setting in the context of prevention. To date, there are few empirical longitudinal and coherent cross-sectional data on the status of students’ health literacy, health status, and health behaviors, and on the impact of the study format on students’ health. The aim of this prospective cohort study is to reduce this research gap. Methods Starting during winter semester 2020/21, the prospective cohort study collects data on health literacy, health status and health behavior on a semester-by-semester basis. All enrolled students of the IST University of Applied Sciences, regardless of study format and discipline, can participate in the study at the beginning of their first semester. The data are collected digitally via a specifically programmed app. A total of 103 items assess the subjectively perceived health status, life and study satisfaction, sleep quality, perceived stress, physical activity, diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, drug addiction and health literacy. Statistical analysis uses (1) multivariate methods to look at changes within the three health dimensions over time and (2) the association between the three health dimensions using multiple regression methods and correlations. Discussion This cohort study collects comprehensive health data from students on the course of study. It is assumed that gathered data will provide information on how the state of health develops over the study period. Also, different degrees of correlations of health behavior and health literacy will reveal different impacts on the state of students’ health. Furthermore, this study will contribute to empirically justified development of target group-specific interventions. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Register: DRKS00023397 (registered on October 26, 2020).

Impact of cardiovascular health status on the association between changes in physical activity and major cardiovascular events and mortality among 88,320 adults: outcomes of the Lifelines Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
EA Bakker ◽  
DC Lee ◽  
MTE Hopman ◽  
DHJ Thijssen ◽  
TMH Eijsvogels
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Large Reduction ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Moderate Improvement ◽  
Moderate Reduction ◽  
Lower Baseline ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Large Improvement

Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Public grant(s) – National budget only. Main funding source(s): The Lifelines Biobank initiative received funding from the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport, the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs, the University Medical Center Groningen [UMCG], University Groningen and the Northern Provinces of the Netherlands. The work of T.M.H.E is supported by the Netherlands Heart Foundation [Senior E-Dekker grant #2017T051]. Background. Regular physical activity (PA) improves health. Many observational studies investigated the association between PA and health at a single time-point, but PA might change over time. Purpose. To examine the association between change in PA and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and all-cause mortality, and to investigate the impact of cardiovascular health status at baseline on these outcomes. Methods. This study used data from the Lifelines Cohort Study (N = 88,320). Self-reported PA volumes were presented as Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) min/week. Change in PA was calculated by subtracting MET-min/week at the first assessment from the second assessment (median interval: 4 yrs), and 5 groups were created; large reduction (< -1500), moderate reduction (-1500 to -250), no change (-250 to 250), moderate improvement (-250 to 250) and large improvement (>1500). The outcome was a combination of MACE and all-cause mortality. Results. During a median follow-up of 7 years, 667 events occurred among healthy individuals (43 ± 12 yrs, 1% of 69,818) and 599 in individuals with CVRF (55 ± 11 yrs, 3% of 18,502). Adjusted for confounders and baseline PA, healthy individuals with a large reduction in PA had a greater risk of incident MACE and mortality (Table). In CVRF, moderate to large improvements in PA were associated with reductions in adverse outcomes. Risk estimates became stronger in individuals with lower baseline PA (<2000 MET-min/week), Table). Conclusions. Maintaining PA in healthy individuals and increasing PA in individuals with CVRF over time is important to prevent MACE and mortality. The impact of changes in PA was stronger for individuals with lower baseline PA. Table. Change of PA, MACE and mortality. Changes in PA Healthy CVRF Large reduction 1.40 [1.02;1.93] 1.27 [0.95;1.70] Moderate reduction 1.22 [0.89;1.68] 0.97 [0.72;1.30] No changes Ref Ref Moderate improvement 1.04 [0.74;1.44] 0.65 [0.47;0.91] Large improvement 0.96 [0.71;1.31] 0.69 [0.51; 0.94] Individuals with lower baseline PA Large reduction 2.24 [0.96;5.21] 2.85 [1.44;5.63] Moderate reduction 1.77 [1.10;2.84] 1.33 [0.89;1.98] No changes Ref Ref Moderate improvement 1.16 [0.73;1.83] 0.49 [0.31;0.76] Large improvement 0.77 [0.48;1.23] 0.58 [0.39;0.86]

scholarly journals Spinal Cord Injury Increases Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Expression in Kidney at Acute and Sub-chronic Stages

Inflammation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangrila Parvin ◽  
Clintoria R. Williams ◽  
Simone A. Jarrett ◽  
Sandra M. Garraway
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Post Injury ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Abstract— Accumulating evidence supports that spinal cord injury (SCI) produces robust inflammatory plasticity. We previously showed that the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α is increased in the spinal cord after SCI. SCI also induces a systemic inflammatory response that can impact peripheral organ functions. The kidney plays an important role in maintaining cardiovascular health. However, SCI-induced inflammatory response in the kidney and the subsequent effect on renal function have not been well characterized. This study investigated the impact of high and low thoracic (T) SCI on C-fos, TNFα, interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 expression in the kidney at acute and sub-chronic timepoints. Adult C57BL/6 mice received a moderate contusion SCI or sham procedures at T4 or T10. Uninjured mice served as naïve controls. mRNA levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, and C-fos, and TNFα and C-fos protein expression were assessed in the kidney and spinal cord 1 day and 14 days post-injury. The mRNA levels of all targets were robustly increased in the kidney and spinal cord, 1 day after both injuries. Whereas IL-6 and TNFα remained elevated in the spinal cord at 14 days after SCI, C-fos, IL-6, and TNFα levels were sustained in the kidney only after T10 SCI. TNFα protein was significantly upregulated in the kidney 1 day after both T4 and T10 SCI. Overall, these results clearly demonstrate that SCI induces robust systemic inflammation that extends to the kidney. Hence, the presence of renal inflammation can substantially impact renal pathophysiology and function after SCI.

scholarly journals Specialized Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology and Diseases

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Andrea Gila-Diaz ◽  
Gloria Herranz Carrillo ◽  
Pratibha Singh ◽  
David Ramiro-Cortijo
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Repair ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Potential Effect ◽  
Lipid Mediators ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Long Chain

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Unresolved inflammation plays a critical role in cardiovascular diseases development. Specialized Pro-Resolving Mediators (SPMs), derived from long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs), enhances the host defense, by resolving the inflammation and tissue repair. In addition, SPMs also have anti-inflammatory properties. These physiological effects depend on the availability of LCPUFAs precursors and cellular metabolic balance. Most of the studies have focused on the impact of SPMs in adult cardiovascular health and diseases. In this review, we discuss LCPUFAs metabolism, SPMs, and their potential effect on cardiovascular health and diseases primarily focusing in neonates. A better understanding of the role of these SPMs in cardiovascular health and diseases in neonates could lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches in cardiovascular dysfunction.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID-19 on Informal Caregivers’ Health Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 959-959
Author(s):  
Mary Greaney ◽  
Zachary Kunicki ◽  
Megan Drohan ◽  
Steven Cohen
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Positive Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Unpaid Care ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The population of older adults aged 65+ in the US is projected to increase from 15% to 21% in the next 30 years. Aging in place provides cost-savings and familiarity to the older adult, but often requires informal caregivers. Informal caregivers, individuals who provide unpaid care of assistance to family members and friends may have been uniquely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and shelter-at-home orders. Research is needed to examine how the pandemic impacted caregivers’ caregiving responsibilities and health behaviors (e.g., physical activity, sedentary time, fruit and vegetable intake, snacking, etc.) as this information will be invaluable to determine if health promotion interventions are needed for informal caregivers. Self-reported data were gathered from informal caregivers providing care to someone aged 50+ (n=835) through Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Respondents reported their current and pre-pandemic health behaviors and demographics. Chi-square tests were used to examine bivariate associations between pandemic time (pre vs. post) and each examined behavior. The analysis identified some positive health behavior changes due to the pandemic: caregivers felt since the pandemic they ate more fruits and vegetables (p < .001), walked more, exercised more (p < .001), increased amounts of sleep (p < .001), and higher sleep quality (p < .001). However, respondents also had more screen time (p < .001) and sedentary time (p < .001). Future planned analyses will focus on examining whether these changes were consistent across all sociodemographic subgroups of caregivers and whether they persist after the pandemic recedes.

scholarly journals Racial Disparities in Cardiovascular Health Behaviors: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kara M. Whitaker ◽  
David R. Jacobs ◽  
Kiarri N. Kershaw ◽  
Ryan T. Demmer ◽  
John N. Booth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Cardiovascular Health

Abstract P186: A Randomized Preschool Trial To Promote Cardiovascular Health In Colombia: 18 Month Follow Up.

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaime Céspedes ◽  
German Briceño ◽  
Michael Farkouh ◽  
Rajesh Vedanthan ◽  
Martha Leal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Educational programs for children can increase uptake of healthy lifestyle behaviors. However, the impact of educational programs in preschool-aged children in low- and middle-income countries is not known. We conducted a five month educational intervention in preschool facilities (PF) in Bogota, Colombia, to assess changes in preschooler’s knowledge, attitudes and habits (KAH) towards healthy eating and living an active lifestyle. Methods: We conducted a cluster, randomized, controlled trial, and randomly assigned 14 PF in Bogota to a five-month educational intervention (7 PF) or to usual curriculum (7 PF). The intervention included classroom activities and use of printed material and videos. A total of 1216 pre-school children, 928 parents, and 120 teachers participated. A structured survey was used to evaluate changes in KAH with a weighted total score (WTS). The primary outcome was change in children's WTS, and the secondary outcomes were change in parents’ and teachers' WTS. The control PF were provided the intervention after the initial evaluation. To assess sustainability, we evaluated both intervention and control groups at 18 months. Results: At 6 months, children in the intervention group showed 10.9% increase in WTS vs. 5.3% in controls, p<0.001, after adjustment for cluster, sex, age and teachers' educational level. Among parents, the equivalent results were 8.9% and 3.1%, respectively, p< 0.001, and among teachers 9.4% and 2.5%, p=0.06. At the 18-month extended follow-up, both the intervention and control children showed a significant further increase in WTS, p<0.001 (Figure 1). In parents and teachers in the intervened group, there was no significant increase in WTS, p=0.7417, and p=0.1197. In the control group, there was an increase in WTS in teachers but not in parents, p=0.001, and p=0.4239. Conclusion: A preschool based intervention, aimed at changing KAH related to healthy diet and active lifestyle, is feasible, efficacious and sustainable up to 18 months in very young children in Colombia.

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