First approach to the characterization of the ecological succession on perforated trapezoidal multi-purpose reef modules: Building climate resilience

2021 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 105669
Author(s):  
G. Mathews ◽  
K. Diraviya Raj ◽  
R.L. Laju ◽  
M. Selva Bharath ◽  
P. Dinesh Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Climate Resilience

scholarly journals Phenotypic characterization and ecological succession of microorganisms during the fermentation of Cassava and Maize

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (7A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Ukwuru ◽  
Ome Kalu Achi ◽  
Uchechi Nnambuihe Ekwenye
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Starter Culture ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Phenotypic Characterization ◽  
Fermented Foods ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics

Fermented foods are consumed by a very large population in Africa but the products have many drawbacks ranging from shelf life instability to contamination and toxicity. These foods therefore require an upgrade through improved fermentation processes. This work determined the phenotypic characteristics of the fermenting microorganisms and microbial ecological succession during fermentation of cassava and maize to determine the predominant fermenting microorganisms. Cassava roots and maize grains were fermented using the traditional method of processing them into fufu and ogi for 72 h and 48 h respectively. Samples were drawn every 12 h for analysis. Enumeration and characterization of lactic acid bacteria were carried out on MRS medium with subsequent microscopic examination, physiological, biochemical reaction tests and API 50 CH gallery. Yeast isolates were identified by their morphological characteristics. Thirteen lactic acid bacteria were isolated from the fermenting cassava and 6 from the fermenting maize. The Isolates were Gram positive and catalase negative. Lactobacillus plantarum, L. fermentum and L. pentusus predominated in both fermentations while Candida tropicalis, C. krusei and Saccharomyces cerevisae also predominated in both fermentations. Candida inconspicuo was found only in cassava fermentation. The results of this work revealed the microbial ecology of fermented cassava and maize which is a prerequisite to the understanding needed to develop a multifunctional starter culture for these fermentations for their upgrade. Keywords: Cassava, Maize, Fermentation, lactic acid bacteria, Yeasts.

scholarly journals Ocorrência e caracterização de galhas entomógenas em um fragmento florestal em estágio de sucessão ecológica na Amazônia

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-123
Author(s):  
Adenomar Neves De Carvalho ◽  
Juliana Santos da Mota
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Host Plant Species ◽  
Plant Organ

Resumo. O estudo objetivou registrar e caracterizar as galhas entomógenas em duas áreas de floresta em sucessão ecológica em Santarém-PA, de setembro de 2014 a fevereiro de 2015: Campus Tapajós e Bosque Mekdece. Foram coletadas 405 galhas distribuídas em nove morfotipos, os quais estavam associados a 21 espécies de plantas hospedeiras distribuídas em 11 famílias. As plantas hospedeiras que apresentaram maior riqueza de galhas foram Fabaceae com oito morfotipos, Myrtaceae com quatro, seguida de Anacardiaceae e Meliaceae com três e dois morfotipos respectivamente. As folhas foram o órgão vegetal mais galhado (89%) e as formas globóides as mais frequentes. Os Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) foram os principais cecidógenos e os parasitóides encontrados pertenciam às famílias Eulophidae, Encyrtidae e Trichogramatidae (Hymenoptera).Occurrence and characterization of entomogenous galls in a forest fragment at the stage of ecological succession in the AmazonAbstract. The study aimed to record and characterize the entomogenic galls in two forest areas in ecological succession in Santarém-PA, from September 2014 to February 2015: Campus Tapajós and Mekdece Forest. The total of 405 gallons were collected in nine morphotypes, which were associated with 21 host plant species distributed in 11 families. The host plants that presented the greatest richness of galls were Fabaceae with eight morphotypes, Myrtaceae with four, followed by Anacardiaceae and Meliaceae with three and two morphotypes, respectively. The leaves were the most scattered plant organ (89%) and the most frequent globose forms. The Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) were the main cecidogens and the parasitoids found belonged to the families Eulophidae, Encyrtidae and Trichogramatidae (Hymenoptera).

Effects of Antibiotic Growth Promoter and Characterization of Ecological Succession in Swine Gut Microbiota

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Unno ◽  
Jungman Kim ◽  
Robin B. Guevarra ◽  
Son G. Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Ecological Succession ◽  
Growth Promoter

Morphological Characterization of Mycobacteriophage R1

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 254-255
Author(s):  
B. L. Soloff ◽  
T. A. Rado
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Stationary Phase ◽  
Growth Phase ◽  
Minimal Medium ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Logarithmic Growth Phase ◽  
Complete Lysis ◽  
Lysogenic Culture ◽  
Logarithmic Growth

Mycobacteriophage R1 was originally isolated from a lysogenic culture of M. butyricum. The virus was propagated on a leucine-requiring derivative of M. smegmatis, 607 leu−, isolated by nitrosoguanidine mutagenesis of typestrain ATCC 607. Growth was accomplished in a minimal medium containing glycerol and glucose as carbon source and enriched by the addition of 80 μg/ ml L-leucine. Bacteria in early logarithmic growth phase were infected with virus at a multiplicity of 5, and incubated with aeration for 8 hours. The partially lysed suspension was diluted 1:10 in growth medium and incubated for a further 8 hours. This permitted stationary phase cells to re-enter logarithmic growth and resulted in complete lysis of the culture.

AEM analysis of crystallization in Ti-based amorphous alloys

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 270-271
Author(s):  
A.R. Pelton ◽  
A.F. Marshall ◽  
Y.S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Amorphous Materials ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Amorphous Matrix ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Current Interest ◽  
Amorphous Films ◽  
Electrical And Magnetic Properties

Amorphous materials are of current interest due to their desirable mechanical, electrical and magnetic properties. Furthermore, crystallizing amorphous alloys provides an avenue for discerning sequential and competitive phases thus allowing access to otherwise inaccessible crystalline structures. Previous studies have shown the benefits of using AEM to determine crystal structures and compositions of partially crystallized alloys. The present paper will discuss the AEM characterization of crystallized Cu-Ti and Ni-Ti amorphous films.Cu60Ti40: The amorphous alloy Cu60Ti40, when continuously heated, forms a simple intermediate, macrocrystalline phase which then transforms to the ordered, equilibrium Cu3Ti2 phase. However, contrary to what one would expect from kinetic considerations, isothermal annealing below the isochronal crystallization temperature results in direct nucleation and growth of Cu3Ti2 from the amorphous matrix.

Characterization of Coherent, Ordered Precipitates in Nickel-Base Alloys

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 144-145
Author(s):  
B. H. Kear ◽  
J. M. Oblak
Keyword(s):  
Stable Phase ◽  
Nickel Base Superalloy ◽  
Alloy 718 ◽  
Commercial Alloy ◽  
Precipitate Morphology ◽  
Continuous Precipitation ◽  
Nickel Base ◽  
Base Superalloy ◽  
Strengthening Precipitate

A nickel-base superalloy is essentially a Ni/Cr solid solution hardened by additions of Al (Ti, Nb, etc.) to precipitate a coherent, ordered phase. In most commercial alloy systems, e.g. B-1900, IN-100 and Mar-M200, the stable precipitate is Ni3 (Al,Ti) γ′, with an LI2structure. In A lloy 901 the normal precipitate is metastable Nis Ti3 γ′ ; the stable phase is a hexagonal Do2 4 structure. In Alloy 718 the strengthening precipitate is metastable γ″, which has a body-centered tetragonal D022 structure.Precipitate MorphologyIn most systems the ordered γ′ phase forms by a continuous precipitation re-action, which gives rise to a uniform intragranular dispersion of precipitate particles. For zero γ/γ′ misfit, the γ′ precipitates assume a spheroidal.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

Skeletal elements of crinoid echinoderms: High-resolution structural and microanalytical results

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 194-195
Author(s):  
D. F. Blake ◽  
L. F. Allard ◽  
D. R. Peacor
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Marine Invertebrates ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Sea Stars ◽  
High Resolution Tem ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

Echinodermata is a phylum of marine invertebrates which has been extant since Cambrian time (c.a. 500 m.y. before the present). Modern examples of echinoderms include sea urchins, sea stars, and sea lilies (crinoids). The endoskeletons of echinoderms are composed of plates or ossicles (Fig. 1) which are with few exceptions, porous, single crystals of high-magnesian calcite. Despite their single crystal nature, fracture surfaces do not exhibit the near-perfect {10.4} cleavage characteristic of inorganic calcite. This paradoxical mix of biogenic and inorganic features has prompted much recent work on echinoderm skeletal crystallography. Furthermore, fossil echinoderm hard parts comprise a volumetrically significant portion of some marine limestones sequences. The ultrastructural and microchemical characterization of modern skeletal material should lend insight into: 1). The nature of the biogenic processes involved, for example, the relationship of Mg heterogeneity to morphological and structural features in modern echinoderm material, and 2). The nature of the diagenetic changes undergone by their ancient, fossilized counterparts. In this study, high resolution TEM (HRTEM), high voltage TEM (HVTEM), and STEM microanalysis are used to characterize tha ultrastructural and microchemical composition of skeletal elements of the modern crinoid Neocrinus blakei.

Some applications of electron beam microanalysis techniques in VLSI process evaluation

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 160-161
Author(s):  
Simon Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Process Evaluation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Analysis Of Failures ◽  
Characterization Of Materials ◽  
Circuits Vlsi

Trends in the technology development of very large scale integrated circuits (VLSI) have been in the direction of higher density of components with smaller dimensions. The scaling down of device dimensions has been not only laterally but also in depth. Such efforts in miniaturization bring with them new developments in materials and processing. Successful implementation of these efforts is, to a large extent, dependent on the proper understanding of the material properties, process technologies and reliability issues, through adequate analytical studies. The analytical instrumentation technology has, fortunately, kept pace with the basic requirements of devices with lateral dimensions in the micron/ submicron range and depths of the order of nonometers. Often, newer analytical techniques have emerged or the more conventional techniques have been adapted to meet the more stringent requirements. As such, a variety of analytical techniques are available today to aid an analyst in the efforts of VLSI process evaluation. Generally such analytical efforts are divided into the characterization of materials, evaluation of processing steps and the analysis of failures.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document