Sex differences in biological response to peer rejection and performance challenge across development: A pilot study

Acute wounds may require cleansing to reduce the risk of infection. Stabilized hypochlorous acid in acetic buffer (HOCl + buffer) is a novel wound irrigation solution with antimicrobial properties. We performed a first-in-man, prospective, open-label pilot study to document preliminary safety and performance in the treatment of acute wounds. The study enrolled 12 subjects scheduled for a split-skin graft transplantation, where the donor site was used as a model of an acute wound. The treatment time was 75 s, given on 6 occasions. A total of 7 adverse events were regarded as related to the treatment; all registered as pain during the procedure for 2 subjects. One subject had a wound infection at the donor site. The mean colony-forming unit (CFU) decreased by 41% after the treatment, and the mean epithelialization was 96% on both days 14 (standard deviation [SD] 8%) and 21 (SD 10%). The study provides preliminary support for the safety, well-tolerance, and efficacy of HOCl + buffer for acute wounds. The pain was frequent although resolved quickly. Excellent wound healing and satisfying antimicrobial properties were observed. A subsequent in vitro biofilm study also indicated good antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a 96% mean reduction of CFU, when used for a treatment duration of 15 min ( P < .0001), and a 50% decrease for Staphylococcus aureus ( P = .1010). Future larger studies are needed to evaluate the safety and performance of HOCl + buffer in acute wounds, including the promising antimicrobial effect by prolonged treatment on bacterial biofilms.

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The Effects of the BAILAMOSTM Dance Program on Physical Activity Levels and Cognition of Older Latino Adults: A Pilot Study

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/08982643211020996 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089826432110209

Author(s):

Guilherme M. Balbim ◽

Susan Aguiñaga ◽

Olusola A. Ajilore ◽

Eduardo E. Bustamante ◽

Kirk I. Erickson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Health Education ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Cognitive Health ◽

Physical Activity Levels ◽

Global Cognition ◽

Latino Adults ◽

And Performance

Objective: To investigate the effects of the BAILAMOSTM dance program on physical activity (PA), cardiorespiratory, and cognitive health. Methods: A parallel, two-armed pilot study was conducted with 57 older Latinos randomized to the BAILAMOSTM dance program ( n = 28) or health education (HE) ( n = 29). We conducted two- and three-way repeated-measures ANOVAs. Results: BAILAMOSTM participants increased participation in leisure moderate-to-vigorous PA (LMVPA) ( F[1,53] = 3.17, p = .048, η2 G = .01) and performance in global cognition relative to HE participants ( F[1,52] = 4.19, p = .045, η2 G = .01). Attendance moderated increases in moderate PA, MVPA, LMVPA, and total PA ( p < .05). Participants of both groups with ≥75% attendance increased participation in PA. Among participants with <75% attendance, BAILAMOSTM participants increased PA relative to HE. Discussion: BAILAMOSTM positively impacted self-reported PA and global cognition in older Latinos. Even smaller doses of dance appear to impact self-reported PA levels.

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Sex Differences in Perceived Attributes of Computer-Mediated Communication

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.2003.92.1.231 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 231-234 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Vernon B. Harper

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Computer Mediated Communication ◽

Communication Competence ◽

Communication Studies ◽

Main Study ◽

Mediated Communication ◽

Computer Mediated ◽

Competence Scale ◽

Strongly Agree

Researchers have pointed to the influence of sex with respect to the attributes of the computer medium. The author elaborates upon possible sex differences in reference to perceived attributes of the computer medium, i.e., Richness, Accessibility, Velocity, Interactivity, Plasticity, and Immediacy. Data from both a pilot and main study are reported and interpreted. The pilot study included 78 participants, while the main study involved 211 The independent samples were composed of Communication Studies students enrolled at two Mid-Atlantic universities. Nine items with anchors of 1: strongly disagree and 7: strongly agree were taken from the 2000 Computer Mediated Communication Competence Scale of Spitzberg to assess the attributes of computer-mediated interaction. The results indicate that women scored higher than men on perceptions of Accessibility, Velocity, Interactivity, and Immediacy.

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The Effects of Taping on Muscle Activity and Throwing Velocity in Fatigued Baseball Players

International Journal of Extreme Automation and Connectivity in Healthcare ◽

10.4018/ijeach.2021010102 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 18-29

Author(s):

Kara-Lyn R. Harrison ◽

Paolo Sanzo ◽

Carlos Zerpa ◽

Taryn Klarner

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Muscle Activation ◽

Performance Enhancement ◽

Maximum Velocity ◽

Baseball Players ◽

Kinesio Tape ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Test ◽

And Performance

Due to the repetitive high forces and torques placed on an individual during a baseball pitch, shoulder pain is present in 46-57% of pitchers. Therapeutic taping has been proposed to have beneficial qualities in injury prevention, rehabilitation, and performance enhancement via muscular facilitation. Therefore, the purpose of this pilot study was to investigate the effect of taping on the velocity of an overhead baseball throw and muscle activation patterning of the supraspinatus, infraspinatus, and pectoralis major muscles in baseball players after muscle fatigue was induced. Participants were asked to complete three pre-test maximum velocity overhead throws, a fatiguing protocol, followed by three post-test maximum velocity pitches. There was no statistically significant difference in throwing velocity or muscle activity with the application of the different taping conditions in the three phases of an overhead baseball throw. These finding suggest Kinesio Tape® does not change muscle activation or velocity of overhead baseball throws when compared to a no tape condition.

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Social peer rejection as reflected in drawings and narratives: to what extent does it reflect actual experience? A pilot study

The Arts in Psychotherapy ◽

10.1016/j.aip.2021.101856 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 101856

Author(s):

Ravit Ben Ami ◽

Lital Hazin Jerbi ◽

Erez Posklinsky ◽

Shani Marom ◽

Shahaf Nahshon Alon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Peer Rejection ◽

Actual Experience

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Abstract P150: Sex Differences In Augmentation Index And Aortic Pulse Pressure Among Patients Diagnosed With Acute Primary Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Hypertension ◽

10.1161/hyp.78.suppl_1.p150 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽

Author(s):

Fatima Ryalat ◽

Hossam A Shaltout ◽

Debra I DIZ ◽

Stacey Q Wolfe

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Arterial Stiffness ◽

Intracerebral Hemorrhage ◽

Sex Difference ◽

Augmentation Index ◽

Institutional Research ◽

Neurological Outcomes ◽

Blood Pressures ◽

Ich Score

Introduction: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common subtype of stroke. Hypertension is a major cause of primary spontaneous ICH. However, sex difference in blood pressure (BP) and arterial stiffness among ICH patients is not well characterized. Methods: A prospective pilot study to investigate the feasibility of measuring arterial stiffness in acute primary ICH patients was approved by the institutional research board at Wake Forest Baptist Health. Eligible subjects with primary ICH were enrolled in the study within 7 days of onset. Non-invasive measurements of brachial BP, aortic BP, augmentation index at heart rate of 75 beats per minute (AIx75), and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cf-PWV) were measured at the patient’s bedside, using the SphygmoCor XCEL System v1 (AtCor Medical Pty Ltd., Sydney, Australia). Results: A total of 20 patients have been enrolled in the study over 5 months. Over half the patients enrolled were female (55%, n = 11), including 82% (n = 9) White, 9% (n = 1) Asian and 9% (n = 1) Hispanic. There was increased diversity in the male patients (45%, n = 9) including 44% (n = 4) Black, 22% (n = 2) White, 22% (n = 2) Hispanic, and 11% (n = 1) Asian. Men were significantly younger than women (57 ± 5 years vs 74 ± 3 years, respectively, P = 0.009). There were no significant differences in BMI or ICH score. At the time of measurement, there were no significant sex differences in brachial or aortic blood pressures (systolic and diastolic), however, females had significantly higher AIx75 (35 ± 4 vs 20 ± 6, P = 0.036) and aortic PP (53 ± 2 mm Hg vs 42 ± 4 mm Hg, P = 0.020) than males. Sex difference in cf-PWV was not statistically significant (p = 0.054). Conclusion: In the current feasibility pilot study, preliminary data show that females had higher arterial stiffness measured as AIx75 and aortic PP than males in the acute setting of ICH. Further study will be required to ascertain whether this is related to higher age at presentation in females. Whether sex differences in arterial stiffness predict differences in the outcome among ICH patients is not well characterized; thus, assessment of 30-day functional and neurological outcomes will be performed with NIHSS and modified Rankin Scores.

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Supplements and Nutritional Interventions to Augment High-Intensity Interval Training Physiological and Performance Adaptations—A Narrative Review

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12020390 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 390 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Scott C. Forbes ◽

Darren G. Candow ◽

Abbie E. Smith-Ryan ◽

Katie R. Hirsch ◽

Michael D. Roberts ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Sodium Bicarbonate ◽

High Intensity ◽

Interval Training ◽

Narrative Review ◽

High Intensity Interval Training ◽

Beta Alanine ◽

And Performance ◽

High Intensity Interval ◽

Nutritional Strategies

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) involves short bursts of intense activity interspersed by periods of low-intensity exercise or rest. HIIT is a viable alternative to traditional continuous moderate-intensity endurance training to enhance maximal oxygen uptake and endurance performance. Combining nutritional strategies with HIIT may result in more favorable outcomes. The purpose of this narrative review is to highlight key dietary interventions that may augment adaptations to HIIT, including creatine monohydrate, caffeine, nitrate, sodium bicarbonate, beta-alanine, protein, and essential amino acids, as well as manipulating carbohydrate availability. Nutrient timing and potential sex differences are also discussed. Overall, sodium bicarbonate and nitrates show promise for enhancing HIIT adaptations and performance. Beta-alanine has the potential to increase training volume and intensity and improve HIIT adaptations. Caffeine and creatine have potential benefits, however, longer-term studies are lacking. Presently, there is a lack of evidence supporting high protein diets to augment HIIT. Low carbohydrate training enhances the upregulation of mitochondrial enzymes, however, there does not seem to be a performance advantage, and a periodized approach may be warranted. Lastly, potential sex differences suggest the need for future research to examine sex-specific nutritional strategies in response to HIIT.

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Sex Differences in Achievement Cognitions and Performance in Competition

Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport ◽

10.1080/02701367.1984.10608412 ◽

1984 ◽

Vol 55 (4) ◽

pp. 340-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Diane L. Gill ◽

John B. Gross ◽

Sharon Huddleston ◽

Bethany Shifflett

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

And Performance

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