Polymeric antigen BLSOmp31 formulated with class B CpG-ODN in a nanostructure (BLSOmp31/CpG-ODN/Coa-ASC16) administered by parenteral or mucosal routes confers protection against Brucella ovis in Balb/c mice

AbstractIntroduction:Due to their immunostimulatory properties TLR ligands are used prophylactically to protect against a variety of viral and bacterial pathogens in mammals. Knowledge of the molecular and functional aspects of TLRs is essential for a better understanding of the immune system and resistance to diseases in birds. For that reason, this study attempted to determine the impact of TLR21 stimulation by its synthetic ligand (CpG ODN, class B) on the chicken immune system.Material and Methods:Sixty embryonated chicken eggs were randomly allocated into three groups (control and two experimental groups). On day 18 of embryonic development, chickens in one experimental group were administeredin ovoa low dose of CpG ODN and the birds of the second experimental group were given a high dose of the ligand. Spleens were collected at 1, 2, 5, and 10 days post-hatching (dph) for analysis of IFN-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 expression using qRT-PCR.Results:Significant differences were observed in mRNA expression levels of all the measured cytokines associated with the modulation and regulation of the immune response at different time points.Conclusion:The obtained data clearly demonstrate that immune response induction takes place afterin ovoadministration of class B CpG ODN, and that the ligand has the ability to induce cytokine responses in neonatal chicken spleen.

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Attachment of class B CpG ODN onto DOTAP/DC-chol liposome in nasal vaccine formulations augments antigen-specific immune responses in mice

BMC Research Notes ◽

10.1186/s13104-017-2380-8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Rui Tada ◽

Shoko Muto ◽

Tomoko Iwata ◽

Akira Hidaka ◽

Hiroshi Kiyono ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Responses ◽

Cpg Odn ◽

Class B ◽

Nasal Vaccine

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CpG Oligodeoxynucleotide 2006 and Miltefosine, a Potential Combination for Treatment of Experimental Visceral Leishmaniasis

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.00137-11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 55 (7) ◽

pp. 3461-3464 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Suman Gupta ◽

Shraddha A. Sane ◽

Nishi Shakya ◽

Preeti Vishwakarma ◽

W. Haq

Keyword(s):

Visceral Leishmaniasis ◽

Leishmania Donovani ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Rational Approach ◽

Host Use ◽

Cpg Odn ◽

Content Type ◽

Cpg Oligodeoxynucleotide ◽

Class B ◽

Different Doses

ABSTRACTIn view of the severe immunosuppression in visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a rational approach to effectively combat the parasitic scourge would be to enhance the immune status of the host. Use of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (CpG-ODN) against leishmaniasis has previously been reported, especially as an immunomodulator and adjuvant with various immunogens. In the present study, experiments were carried out with BALB/c mice and hamsters infected withLeishmania donovani. Immunostimulating class B bacterial CpG-ODN namely, ODN-2006, was administered at various doses by the intraperitoneal (i.p.) route. The dose of CpG-ODN-2006 (1 nM/single dose) showing the most antileishmanial activity was given as free and liposomal forms with different doses of miltefosine, namely, 5 and 10 mg/kg of body weight, for 5 days in mice and hamsters, respectively. Among the various groups, mice coadministered liposomal CpG-ODN and miltefosine (5 mg/kg) showed the best inhibitory effect (97% parasite inhibition) compared with free CpG-ODN plus miltefosine and miltefosine, free CpG-ODN, and liposomal CpG-ODN given separately. Similar responses were observed in the case of hamsters, where the combination of liposomal CpG-ODN with miltefosine (10 mg/kg) gave 96% parasite inhibition. Promising antileishmanial efficacy was observed in animals treated with liposomal CpG-ODN and miltefosine.

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Class B CpG ODN stimulation upregulates expression of TLR21 and IFN-γ in chicken Harderian gland cells

Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology ◽

10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.04.010 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 160 (3-4) ◽

pp. 293-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Klaudia Chrząstek ◽

Dominika Borowska ◽

Pete Kaiser ◽

Lonneke Vervelde

Keyword(s):

Harderian Gland ◽

Cpg Odn ◽

Gland Cells ◽

Class B ◽

Ifn Γ

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Impact of CpG oligodeoxynucleotide stimulation on percentage of T and B cells in chicken

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.2478/pjvs-2013-0076 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 551-554 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

K. Chrząstek ◽

T. Piasecki ◽

A. Wieliczko

Keyword(s):

B Cells ◽

Mhc Class Ii ◽

Bursa Of Fabricius ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Injection ◽

Cpg Odn ◽

Control Groups ◽

Adaptive Immune ◽

Cpg Oligodeoxynucleotide ◽

Class B

Abstract TLR stimulation in chickens has been shown to play a role in the initiation and regulation of innate and adaptive immune responses. The aim of this study was to use flow cytometry to establish the percentage of T and B subset in blood and lymphoid organs in chicks after CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) stimulation. It was demonstrated that the percentages of CD3+, CD4+, TCRγ δ+ cells and Bu-1+MHC class II+ cells in blood 24 h post-injection were significantly higher than in the control groups. It was also shown that the percentages of CD3+ and CD4+ cells in the spleen at 48 h post-injection were significantly higher than in control groups. The percentage of Bu-1+ cells in the bursa of Fabricius after CpG ODN stimulation (98.38 ± 0.84) was significantly higher than that found in the non-CpG ODN control group (94.54 ± 2.51) (p ≤ 0.05). The results indicate that class B CpG ODN increases the percentage of both T (especially CD4+ cells) and B cells.

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The effects of subcutaneous and intraocular administration of class B ODN CpG in chicken on the expression of TLR21, IFN-γ and IL-1β

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.2478/pjvs-2014-0089 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 593-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

K. Chrząstek ◽

A. Wieliczko

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Low Dose ◽

Subcutaneous Administration ◽

Adaptive Immune System ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Cpg Odn ◽

Toll Like Receptor ◽

Adaptive Immune ◽

Class B ◽

Ifn Γ

Abstract The synthetic unmethylated oligodeoxynucleotides with CpG motifs (CpG ODN) were shown to activate Toll-like receptor 21 (TLR21) and stimulate the innate and adaptive immune system. In this study we tested the expression of TLR21, interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-1β mRNA in the blood after subcutaneous and intraocular application of the class B CpG ODN in chicken. The relative expression of mRNA of TLR21, IFN-γ and IL-1β were quantified at 3, 6, 12, 24 and 72 h post-stimulation. The study revealed that IFN-γ mRNA expression was significantly upregulated 12 h after subcutaneous stimulation with a high and low dose of ODN CpG, whereas the IL-1β mRNA expression levels were significantly upregulated 3 and 72 h after subcutaneous administration. After intraocular administration, the IL-1β mRNA levels were the highest at 24 h post-application, albeit not specifically. This data indicates that class B CpG ODN has the ability to induce TLR21 response in blood when administered parenterally in chicken. In contrast, intraocular administration of CpG ODN was not able to produce a significant increase in cytokine mRNA expression in blood. The data suggest that additional stimulus, e.g. the antigen, may be needed on the site of mucosal administration to activate systemic immune response.

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