Antibacterial properties of Apis dorsata honey against some bacterial pathogens

Abstract Objective Although many bacterial culture media are available commercially, there is a continuous effort to develop better selective media for bacteria, which cannot be grown on existing media. While exploring antibacterial properties of clove, we observed that it has the potential to selectively inhibit growth of certain types of bacteria. This led us to do the experiments, which resulted in developing a new media which selectively allowed the growth of only Gram-negative bacteria, while inhibiting the Gram-positive bacteria. Results Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) was used as the base media and was modified to develop MHA-C15 (MHA containing 15% volume/volume water extract of clove). Gram-negative bacterial pathogens Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa grew on MHA-C15. However, none of the major Gram-positive bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus spp. and Enterococcus spp. grew on it. Taken together, these findings show that MHA-C15 is a newly developed selective media for culture of Gram-negative bacteria.

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Development of a Novel Selective Medium for Culture of Gram-negative Bacteria

10.21203/rs.3.rs-322259/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Shooq Yousef Al-blooshi ◽

Mustafa Amir Abdul Latif ◽

Nour K. Sabaneh ◽

Michael Mgaogao ◽

Ashfaque Hossain

Keyword(s):

Culture Media ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Water Extract ◽

Selective Medium ◽

Gram Negative Bacteria ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Selective Media ◽

Bacillus Spp

Abstract Objective: Although many bacterial culture media are commercially available, there is a continuous effort to develop better selective media for bacteria, which cannot be grown on existing media. While exploring antibacterial properties of clove, we observed that it has the potential to selectively inhibit growth of certain types of bacteria. This led us to do the experiments which resulted in developing the media which selectively allowed the growth of only Gram-negative bacteria, while inhibiting the Gram-positive bacteria. Results: Mueller Hinton Agar (MHA) was used as the base media and was modified to develop MHA-C15 (MHA containing 15 % volume / volume water extract of clove). Different Gram-negative bacterial pathogens including Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Salmonella typhimurium and Pseudomonas aeruginosa grew on MHA-C15. However, none of the major Gram-positive bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus mutans, Bacillus spp. and Enterococcus spp. grew on it. Taken together, these findings show that MHA-C15 is a newly developed selective media for culture of Gram-negative bacteria.

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Susceptibility to Bismuth(III) of Aquaculture Bacterial Pathogens: Effectiveness of Bismuth–Deferiprone Therapy against Vibrio anguillarum Infection in Fish

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9112399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 2399

Author(s):

Miguel Balado ◽

Diego Rey-Varela ◽

Ana M. Albela ◽

Manuel L. Lemos

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Vibrio Anguillarum ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Disease Outbreaks ◽

Intraspecific Variability ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Minimal Inhibitory Concentrations

Bismuth is a heavy metal with antibacterial properties that has a long history of medicinal use. The results reported here suggest that bismuth(III) (chelated with deferiprone) could be used in aquaculture systems to treat bacterial disease outbreaks, greatly reducing antibiotic use. We tested bismuth susceptibility in a collection of aquaculture bacterial pathogens. In the presence of bismuth concentrations ranging from 1.3 to 13 µM, most bacteria started showing a drastic decrease in their growth ability, although with high inter- and intraspecific variability. The minimal inhibitory concentrations of bismuth ranged from 13 to more than 780 µM, depending on bacterial species and strain. The results of in vivo assays suggest that low concentrations of bismuth could be especially effective to treat vibriosis caused by Vibrio anguillarum, since bismuth greatly reduced mortality in experimentally infected fish without any observable side effects. A bismuth therapy, alone or combined with other antimicrobials, could contribute to reduce the use of antibiotics in aquaculture.

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Ethnobotanical Study of Underutilized Wild Edible Fruits and their Antibacterial Activity against Human Pathogens

Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology ◽

10.22207/jpam.15.4.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Suresh Ch. Biswas ◽

Pranab Dutta ◽

Purnima Barua ◽

Tarun Kr. Misra ◽

Subrata Das

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Klebsiella Pneumonia ◽

Ethnobotanical Study ◽

Eastern Region ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

North Eastern ◽

Wild Edible Fruits

Nine underutilized wild edible fruits collected from four districts of Tripura, a North-Eastern state of India were studied for the antibacterial properties against five (5) human pathogens, Escherichia coli (Gram–Ve, ATCC-2522), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gram–Ve, ATCC-27853), Salmonella typhi (Gram –Ve, ATCC-14028), Staphylococcus aureus (Gram +Ve, ATCC-25923) and Klebsiella pneumonia (Gram–Ve, ATCC-700603) by disk diffusion method. Besides, the folk medicinal values and their ethnobotanical importance are also reported. Out of the nine (9) wild edible fruits, C. macroptera and S. dulcis showed the least antibacterial effect against all the bacterial pathogens under the present study. On the other hand, G. gummi-gutta and A. lacucha showed considerable antibacterial effects against all of the bacterial pathogens with the highest zone of inhibition against E. coli, followed by P. aeruginosa. Selective inhibitory effect of some of the wild edible fruits was also observed against the targeted pathogens. This study paves the way for using the underutilized wild fruits of the North-Eastern region of India as a potential source of antipathogenic activity of human pathogens. Further, a detailed study may help in identifying the bioactive compound of industrial importance.

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Antibacterial Activity of Moringa Leaf Layer Cake Against S. aureus and E. coli

Journal of Applied Agricultural Science and Technology ◽

10.32530/jaast.v4i1.130 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 56-63

Author(s):

I Ketut Budaraga ◽

Dian Pramana Putra ◽

Wellyalina Wellyalina

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Secondary Metabolites ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Antibacterial Properties ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

E Coli ◽

Layer Cake ◽

Antibacterial Compound ◽

High Inhibition

The layer cake is one of the traditional cakes that are very popular with the community. The addition of Moringa leafs is expected to extend the period of storage and the components of the nutrition can be increased. Moringa leaves indicate to contain an antibacterial compound that is the result of secondary metabolites. This compound consists of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, and others. The purpose of this study was to determine the antibacterial properties of Moringa leaves added to layer cake against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus and E. coli. Research has been implemented on April - May 2019. The testing of antibacterial activity by using well method. The results showed that the layer cake with the addition of 4% Moringa leaves indicated the high inhibition zone on the bacteria E. coli by 10.7 mm and S. aureus by 9.7 mm when compared with the addition of 1%, 2%, and 3 % Moringa leaves. The result of bacterial pathogens that were tested in Moringa leaves showed that the bacteria E. Coli had resistance to more robust compared with S. Aureus. This is indicated by the inhibition zone of E. coli that is greater than S. aureus bacteria.

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The Diagnosis of Viral Disease by Electron Microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010005398x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 40 ◽

pp. 270-273

Author(s):

William B. McCombs ◽

Cameron E. McCoy

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Medical Profession ◽

Bacterial Pathogens ◽

Viral Disease ◽

Viral Pathogens ◽

Academic Interest ◽

The Past

Recent years have brought a reversal in the attitude of the medical profession toward the diagnosis of viral infections. Identification of bacterial pathogens was formerly thought to be faster than identification of viral pathogens. Viral identification was dismissed as being of academic interest or for confirming the presence of an epidemic, because the patient would recover or die before this could be accomplished. In the past 10 years, the goal of virologists has been to present the clinician with a viral identification in a matter of hours. This fast diagnosis has the potential for shortening the patient's hospital stay and preventing the administering of toxic and/or expensive antibiotics of no benefit to the patient.

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