Effects of Spirulina (Arthrospira platensis) supplementation level and basal diet on liveweight, body conformation and growth traits in genetically divergent Australian dual-purpose lambs during simulated drought and typical pasture grazing

2014 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.W.B. Holman ◽  
A. Kashani ◽  
A.E.O. Malau-Aduli
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Body Conformation ◽  
Simulated Drought

scholarly journals Arthrospira Platensis (Spirulina) Supplementation on Laying Hens’ Performance: Eggs Physical, Chemical, and Sensorial Qualities

Foods ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omri ◽  
Amraoui ◽  
Tarek ◽  
Lucarini ◽  
Durazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laying Hens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Egg Yolks ◽  
The Impact

The present study evaluated the effects of dietary supplementation of spirulina on laying hens’ performances: Eggs’ physical, chemical, and sensorial qualities. A total of 45 Lohman White hens, 44 weeks of age, were randomized into 3 groups of 15 birds. Hens were given 120 g/d of a basal diet containing 0% (control), 1.5%, and 2.5% of spirulina for 6 weeks. Albumen height and consequently Haugh unit were significantly affected by dietary supplementation of spirulina (p < 0.05) and by weeks on diet (p < 0.05). This supplement did not affect (p > 0.05) egg yolk weight or height. However, spirulina increased egg yolk redness (a*) from 1.33 (C) to 12.67 (D1) and 16.19 (D2) and reduced (p < 0.05) the yellowness (b*) parameter from 62.1(C) to 58.17 (D1) and 55.87 (D2). Egg yolks from hens fed spirulina were darker, more red, and less yellow in color than egg yolks from hens fed the control-diet (p < 0.0001). However, spirulina did not affect (p > 0.05) egg yolks’ total cholesterol concentration. In conclusion, a significant enhancement of egg yolk color was found in response to spirulina supplementation. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the impact of spirulina on egg yolks’ fatty acids profile.

scholarly journals A 104-bp Structural Variation of the ADPRHL1 Gene Is Associated With Growth Traits in Chickens

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tong Li ◽  
Bingjie Chen ◽  
Chengjie Wei ◽  
Dan Hou ◽  
Panpan Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Muscle Weight ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Deletion Mutations ◽  
Chicken Breeds ◽  
Leg Muscle ◽  
Pancreas Weight ◽  
The Impact

Analyzing marker-assisted breeding is an important method utilized in modern molecular breeding. Recent studies have determined that a large number of molecular markers appear to explain the impact of “lost heritability” on human height. Therefore, it is necessary to locate molecular marker sites in poultry and investigate the possible molecular mechanisms governing their effects. In this study, we found a 104-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in the 5′UTR of the ADPRHL1 gene through resequencing. In cross-designed F2 resource groups, the indel was significantly associated with weight at 0, 2, 4, 6, and 10 weeks and a number of other traits [carcass weight (CW), semi-evisceration weight (SEW), evisceration weight (EW), claw weight (CLW), wings weight (DWW), gizzard weight (GW), pancreas weight (PW), chest muscle weight (CMW), leg weight (LW), leg muscle weight (LMW), shedding Weight (SW), liver rate (LR), and leg muscle rate (LMR)] (P &lt; 0.05). In brief, the insertion-insertion (II) genotype was significantly associated with the greatest growth traits and meat quality traits, whereas the values associated with the insertion-deletion (ID) genotype were the lowest in the F2 reciprocal cross chickens. The mutation sites were genotyped in 4,526 individuals from 12 different chicken breeds and cross-designed F2 resource groups. The II genotype is the most important genotype in commercial broilers, and the I allele frequency observed in these breeds is relatively high. Deletion mutations tend to be fixed in commercial broilers. However, there is still considerable great potential for breeding in dual-purpose chickens and commercial laying hens. A luciferase reporter assay showed that the II genotype of the ADPRHL1 gene possessed 2.49-fold higher promoter activity than the DD genotype (P &lt; 0.05). We hypothesized that this indel might affect the transcriptional activity of ADPRHL1, thereby affecting the growth traits of chickens. These findings may help to elucidate the function of the ADPRHL1 gene and facilitate enhanced reproduction in the chicken industry.

scholarly journals Optimal Dietary Fiber Intake to Retain a Greater Ovarian Follicle Reserve for Gilts

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cao ◽  
Zhuo ◽  
Gong ◽  
Tang ◽  
Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Primordial Follicles ◽  
Follicle Activation

: Ovarian follicle activation and survival were recently found to be controlled by nutrient sensors AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and apoptosis related markers Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2, yet their expression as regulated by dietary fiber remained uncertain for gilts. To investigate the effects of dietary fiber levels on ovarian follicle development, and the cellular molecular components related to follicle activation and survival of gilts, 76 gilts with similar bodyweight and age were fed four diets, including a corn-soybean meal based control diet, or other three diets to consume 50%, 75%, and 100% more dietary fiber than the control gilts at different experimental phases. Inulin and cellulose (1:4) were added to the corn-soybean meal basal diet to increase dietary fiber content. The growth traits, and the age, bodyweight, and backfat thickness at puberty were not affected by diets. The number of primordial follicles and total follicles per cubic centimeter of ovarian tissue linearly increased with dietary fiber level at day 30 of the experiment and at the 19th day of the 3rd estrous cycle, without negatively affecting the formation of antral follicle with diameter between 1–3 mm or larger than 3 mm. These changes were associated with altered phosphorylation of mTOR, S6, Extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2) and AMPK, and mRNA expression of Caspase-3, Bax, and Bcl-2 in ovarian tissues. Collectively, this study demonstrated a beneficial effect of dietary fiber on the ovarian follicle reserve in gilts, which provides a basis for enhancing reproduction in the short- or long-term.

scholarly journals Dietary Arthrospira platensis improves systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids without affecting related hepatic metabolic pathways in post-weaned piglets

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Sofia Morgado dos Santos Madeira ◽  
Paula Alexandra Antunes Brás Lopes ◽  
Cátia Falcão Martins ◽  
José Miguel Pestana Assunção ◽  
Cristina Maria Riscado Pereira Mate Alfaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Arthrospira Platensis ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Plasma Metabolites ◽  
Weaned Piglets ◽  
Large White ◽  
Feed Enzymes

Abstract Background The ability of a high level of dietary Arthrospira platensis, individually or in combination with two exogenous carbohydrate-degrading enzymes (lysozyme and Rovabio®), to improve systemic antioxidant potential and hepatic lipid metabolism was tested in piglets. Forty male post-weaned piglets, sons of Large White × Landrace sows crossed with Pietrain boars, were allocated into 4 groups (n = 10) and fed during 28 days one of the following diets: 1) a control basal diet (cereal and soybean meal); 2) a basal diet with 10% of A. platensis (AP); 3) the AP diet supplemented with 0.005% of Rovabio® (AP + R); 4) the AP diet supplemented with 0.01% of lysozyme (AP + L). Results Arthrospira platensis decreased BW gain of piglets, regardless the addition of feed enzymes. The majority of plasma metabolites were affected by diets. A. platensis increased total lipids, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol, without changing hepatic fatty acid content or modulating, in an expressive manner, the transcriptional profile of lipid sensitive mediators. The antioxidant potential in general, and total carotenoids in particular, were improved by the microalga, regardless lysozyme or Rovabio®. Conclusions Summing up, A. platensis, individually and combined with feed enzymes, impacts negatively on piglets’ growth but improves the systemic antioxidant potential and changes plasma lipids with a minor modulation on related hepatic metabolic pathways.

Phenotypic characterisation of extreme growth-selected mouse lines: An important prerequisite for future QTL analysis

2006 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Renne ◽  
Gerhard Dietl ◽  
Martina Langhammer ◽  
Charlotte Rehfeldt ◽  
Karin Nürnberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Traits ◽  
High Growth ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Physiological Basis ◽  
Highest Weight ◽  
Body Conformation ◽  
Phenotypic Characterisation ◽  
Mouse Lines

AbstractA unique set of seven mouse lines, long-term selected for high growth, from different laboratories around the world has been comprehensively compared to evaluate these resources for future QTL and gene mapping for growth traits. The heaviest line (DUH) was 40% (males) to 44% (females) heavier than the smallest line (ROH) at birth, and 105% (males) to 114% (females) heavier at 98 d. Body conformation (body length and width, body areas), body composition (dry matter, fat, fatty acid composition, organ weights), and skeletal muscle cellularity also differed substantially. DUH was more than 20% longer (12.3 cm) compared to the shortest line ROH (9.7 cm). DAH (22.5%) had the highest percentage of gonadal fat and the leanest was BEH (7.7%). Line BEH (0.49 g) showed the highest weight for the left M. rectus femoris, which was 2.1 times higher, compared to ROH (0.23 g). These results suggest that different alleles, and possibly different physiological pathways, have contributed to the selection response in the different lines. Therefore these selection lines are an important tool with which to identify the genetic and physiological basis of growth as they may contain many, if not all, growth promoting alleles.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietary Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) and Multi-Strain Probiotic on Growth and Carcass Traits, Blood Biochemistry, Immune Responses and Intestinal Microflora in Broiler Chickens

Animals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Qorbanpour ◽  
Taha Fahim ◽  
Faramin Javandel ◽  
Mehran Nosrati ◽  
Erwin Paz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Blood Biochemistry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dietary Treatments

A total of 225 day-old male broiler chicks (Ross-308) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups, with three replicates in a completely randomized design for 42 days. Birds were fed a basal-diet supplemented with: no additive (control-diet), multi-strain probiotic (Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus casei, Enterococcus faecium and Bifidobacterium thermophilum), or 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25% ginger (Z. officinale) powder, respectively. The results show no significant differences among treatments for growth traits and carcass characteristics, whereas using probiotics and ginger at all levels resulted in a significant decrease of gizzard weight and abdominal fat compared to the control group. Dietary treatments did not affect blood biochemistry and antibody production against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), IgG and IgM; however, antibody titre was higher in birds fed 0.25% ginger than other diets after 7 days post injection. The Lactobacillus counts in ileal content of birds fed 0.20 and 0.25% ginger were higher compared to the other treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with either ginger or probiotics showed a significant influence on birds’ immune response, probably because ginger had strong antioxidant activity and the probiotics stimulated the production of natural antibodies.

Intake of lactating and dry dual-purpose cows grazing two species of Brachiaria pastures in Santa Cruz, Bolivia

2001 ◽  
Vol 2001 ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
N. Joaquin ◽  
M. Herrero
Keyword(s):  
Basal Diet ◽  
Animal Production ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Dual Purpose ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Dairy Systems ◽  
Small Holder ◽  
Brachiaria Pastures ◽  
Feeding Systems

Brachiaria spp. pastures, specially B. decumbens, cover an area of 400 thousand ha in Santa Cruz, Bolivia. They comprise the basal diet for ruminants in dual-purpose and small-holder dairy systems of the region (Herrero et al. 1999). Therefore, an important portion of the animal production is conditioned by the amount and quality of these pastures and their intake. Knowledge of pasture intake is crucial for formulating bio-economically feasible feeding systems for ruminants. The objective of this work was to measure intake of Brachiaria spp pastures using alkanes as markers and to quantify pasture intake differences between dry and lactating cows.

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