Delayed and differential effects of the economic crisis in Sweden in the 1990s on health-related exclusion from the labour market: A health equity assessment

In the wake of the 2008 global financial and economic crisis, new forms of work organization emerged in Europe. Following this trend, Portugal has undergone a reconfiguration of its artistic organizations. In the performing arts, some organiza-tions seem to have crystalized and others are reinventing their artistic mission. They follow a plurality of organizational patterns and resilient profiles framed by cyclical, structural and occupational changes. Artistic organizations have had to adopt new models of work and seek new opportunities to try out alternatives in order to deal, namely, with the constraints of the labour market. The article anal-yses some of the restructuring processes taking place in three Portuguese artistic organizations, focusing on their contexts, individual trajectories and collective missions for adapting to contemporary challenges of work in the arts. We conclude that organizations are a key domain for understanding the changes taking place.

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Understanding Rising Income Inequality and Stagnating Ordinary Living Standards in Germany

10.1093/oso/9780198807032.003.0007 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Gerhard Bosch ◽

Thorsten Kalina

Keyword(s):

Income Inequality ◽

Labour Market ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Household Income ◽

Wage Bargaining ◽

Living Standards ◽

Social Model ◽

Real Wages ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

This chapter describes how inequality and real incomes have evolved in Germany through the period from the 1980s, through reunification, up to the economic Crisis and its aftermath. It brings out how reunification was associated with a prolonged stagnation in real wages. It emphasizes how the distinctive German structures for wage bargaining were eroded over time, and the labour market and tax/transfer reforms of the late 1990s-early/mid-2000s led to increasing dualization in the labour market. The consequence was a marked increase in household income inequality, which went together with wage stagnation for much of the 1990s and subsequently. Coordination between government, employers, and unions still sufficed to avoid the impact the economic Crisis had on unemployment elsewhere, but the German social model has been altered fundamentally over the period

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Poverty and labour market institutions in Europe

Panoeconomicus ◽

10.2298/pan2003277l ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 67 (3) ◽

pp. 277-290

Author(s):

Giorgio Liotti ◽

Rosaria Canale

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Generalized Method Of Moments ◽

Market Regulation ◽

Macroeconomic Conditions ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Distributed Lag Model ◽

Autoregressive Distributed Lag ◽

Labour Market Regulation ◽

Lag Model

The aim of this paper is to analyse the effects of flexibility in the labour market on workers? monetary poverty in 15 European countries in the time span 2005-2016. We estimate how the labour market regulation index (LMRI) affects workers? monetary poverty through two empirical exercises: in the first one, we use an autoregressive distributed lag model and, in the second one, the generalized method of moments model. The results suggest that greater flexibility of the labour market is positively correlated with greater monetary poverty among employed people. The result does not change significantly when introducing the effect of the economic crisis and the interaction effect between the economic crisis and the LMRI. Therefore, we conclude that the outcome should be considered to be noticeable whatever the macroeconomic conditions occurring in the labour market.

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Does sanctioning disabled claimants of unemployment insurance increase labour market inactivity? An analysis of 346 British local authorities between 2009 and 2014

10.31235/osf.io/ztgdq ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Aaron Reeves

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Unemployment Insurance ◽

Clear Relationship ◽

Work Readiness ◽

Disabled People ◽

Local Authorities ◽

Differential Effects ◽

Market Activity ◽

Using Data ◽

Labour Market Activity

Imposing financial penalties on claimants of unemployment insurance may incentivise labour market re-entry. However, sanctions may have differential effects depending on the work-readiness of the claimants. Here, I explore whether sanctioning disabled claimants is associated with greater labour market activity or inactivity among disabled people using data on 346 British local authorities between 2009 and 2014. When the number of sanctioned disabled claimants rises (as a proportion of all claimants) the proportion of economically inactive people who are also disabled becomes larger. There is not a clear relationship between sanctioning disabled claimants the proportion of employed people who are disabled.

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L'interprete fra culture, societŕ ed economie: un'indagine demografica

RIVISTA TRIMESTRALE DI SCIENZA DELL AMMINISTRAZIONE ◽

10.3280/sa2009-003003 ◽

2009 ◽

pp. 73-119

Author(s):

Alessandra Vitale

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Social Conditions ◽

Sociological Research ◽

Market Penetration ◽

Social Actors ◽

The Past ◽

Theoretical Part ◽

The North

- The purpose is to contribute to related sociological research since it seems to be very limited (from the early 1960s), to clarify the role of interpreters as social actors and to represent the corresponding labour market, trying to overcome the idea of interpretation as mechanicalexercise. The theoretical part is concentrated on the history and on parameters reflecting the present rules governing this activity. Some preceding sociological research have been included to illustrate the main themes explored in the past. The practical part aims to explain the structure of the labour market and social conditions of interpreters in Italy. The author finds a feminization of the profession and confirms the growing relevance of English and community interpreting. Professional skills strengthen together with the demand for the simultaneous mode, causing difficult market penetration. The economic crisis and competition boost unfair practices (above all in the North). Nevertheless the profession is highly followed.

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Measuring and Combatting Health-Related Inequalities

10.1093/oso/9780192844057.003.0009 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 184-204

Author(s):

James Wilson

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Lived Experience ◽

Health Systems ◽

Health Equity ◽

Power Structures ◽

Health Related ◽

Break Up ◽

Pluralist Approach

This chapter examines how health systems should measure, and respond to, health-related inequalities. Health equity is often taken to be a core goal of public health, but what exactly health equity requires is more difficult to specify. There are indefinitely many health-related variables that can be measured, and variation in each of these variables can be measured in a number of different ways. Given the systemic interconnections between variables, making a situation more equal in some respects will tend to make it less equal in others. The chapter argues for a pluralist approach to health equity measurement, which takes its cue from the lived experience of individuals’ lives. Reflection on the deepest and most resilient causes of health-related inequalities shows that they are often the result of intersecting structural concentrations of power—structures which it is vital, but very difficult, to break up.

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The impact of the economic crisis on the mental health of Portuguese primary-school children

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz186.583 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

D Costa ◽

M Cunha ◽

C Ferreira ◽

A Gama ◽

A M N Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Financial Crisis ◽

Primary School ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Negative Impact ◽

Public Health Programs ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective To measure the impact of the economic crisis on the mental health correlates of Portuguese children attending primary school during 2016. Methods Cross-sectional analysis of primary school-aged children and their parents (n = 1157), conducted in public and private schools of three Portuguese districts. Parent reports of children mental health symptoms (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire - SDQ) and children self-reports of health-related quality of life (KIDSCREEN-27) and depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms (Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales, Children version - DASS-C), were compared according to a set of yes/no questions on how the economic crisis changed the normal aspects of routine life (e.g. During the financial crisis did you had to use savings? Started buying cheaper food?). Linear regression models were fitted for the SDQ, the KIDSCREEN-27 and the DASS-C as dependent variables adjusted for children sex, socioeconomic status and district of residence. Results Affirmative answers to the crisis impact questions were associated with more frequent psychosocial functioning problems in children, with poorer self-reported health-related quality of life and with more frequent symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress. Conclusions Portuguese children mental health correlates show significant worse scores for those whose parents declared having to change daily routine habits as a result of the recent macroeconomic financial crisis, compared to those who did not change habits. Public Health programs should be developed to mitigate the potential negative impact of the financial crisis to the mental health of children. Key messages A negative impact on children mental health was observed as a result of the economic crisis. Public health programs designed to mitigate the impact of the economic crisis should include primary-school aged children.

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Health Equity Lens Embedded in the Public Health Policies of Saudi Arabia: A Qualitative Document Analysis

SAGE Open ◽

10.1177/2158244020962776 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 215824402096277

Author(s):

Leena Eklund Karlsson ◽

Anne Leena Ikonen ◽

Kothar Mohammed Alqahtani ◽

Pernille Tanggaard Andersen ◽

Subash Thapa

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Health Equity ◽

Policy Development ◽

Health Policies ◽

Future Health ◽

Public Health Policies ◽

The People ◽

The Social ◽

Health Related

In the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), no studies have been documented to analyze the equity aspects of public health policies. The aims of the study were to identify policy documents in the KSA relevant to public health and to explore whether these include an equity approach. Twenty health-related documents were identified from various ministries’ websites and analyzed through directed content analysis. The results showed that the term “equity” was neither defined nor explained in the documents and suggestions on how to tackle health inequities were lacking. None of the suggested measures communicated an explicit focus on promoting health equity or the social gradient. Several upstream, midstream, and downstream measures were suggested to improve justice and public health for the people. The study reveals that there is a need for an in-depth assessment of the policy measures across sectors and their influence on health equity to inform future health policy development and action in the KSA.

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(Re)making labour markets and economic crises: The case of Ireland

The Economic and Labour Relations Review ◽

10.1177/1035304619829015 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 30 (1) ◽

pp. 22-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Enda Murphy ◽

Julien Mercille

Keyword(s):

European Union ◽

Labour Market ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Labour Markets ◽

Social Nature ◽

The Social ◽

Welfare Systems ◽

Inclusive Approach ◽

Regulatory Interventions ◽

Irish Case

The 2008 economic crisis has had significant impacts on labour markets around the world. In Europe, in particular, the need for internal devaluation within European Union nations in financial difficulty precipitated a wave of labour market reforms alongside the reform of welfare systems struggling to cope with high levels of unemployment. Various analyses have explored the nature of these changes separately for the labour market and welfare systems. Using a conceptual framework rooted in a political economy understanding the social nature of labour, this article takes an inclusive approach to understanding regulatory changes for both employed and unemployed labour. We do this using the case of Ireland, a country that went through a severe economic crisis, was subject to a European Union/European Central Bank/International Monetary Fund bailout in 2010 and witnessed one of the most significant labour market crises in Europe. The Irish case is instructive because it highlights both the range and depth of regulatory interventions utilised by the state during periods of crisis to deal with the social nature of labour and its role under advanced capitalism. JEL codes: J01, J08, J48.

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The Italian labour market policy reforms and the economic crisis: coming towards the end of Italian exceptionalism?

Labour Market Policies in the Era of Pervasive Austerity ◽

10.1332/policypress/9781447335863.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Patrik Vesan ◽

Emmanuele Pavolini

Keyword(s):

Labour Market ◽

Economic Crisis ◽

Sovereign Debt ◽

Debt Crisis ◽

New Wave ◽

Sovereign Debt Crisis ◽

Policy Reforms ◽

Market Policy ◽

Labour Market Policies ◽

The Great Recession

The Italian labour market has been put under very strong pressure since the onset of the financial and economic crisis. After the 2011 sovereign debt crisis a new wave of reforms started in relation to labour market policies. Although it is not possible to detect a single trajectory of change in Italian labour market policies, we can observe an overall tendency toward a peculiar version of ‘welfare readjustment’, a pattern of reform in which governments curtail such policies as income or job protection for insiders, while adopting new social policies. This ‘readjustment process’ has been realised through the adoption of some provisions that favour ‘outsiders’ and, at the same time, the drastic retrenchment of labour rights for workers on open-ended contracts. As a result, the boundaries between ‘insiders’ and ‘outsiders’ now appear more blurred than they were before the outbreak of the Great Recession.

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