Chemical safety and security after Beirut Port explosion: Part1 - State of the art of legal framework and authorization policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. 105456
Author(s):  
Fadi Malak ◽  
Ahmad Rifai ◽  
Rana Baydoun ◽  
Bilal Nsouli ◽  
Dimitar Dimitrov
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Authorization Policy

scholarly journals Digital Archiving for Archaeology: the state of the art in Argentina

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés D. Izeta ◽  
Roxana Cattáneo
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
National Level ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
General Evaluation ◽  
Research Infrastructures ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Impact

This article discusses the state-of-the art of digital archives for archaeological research in Argentina. It also presents and characterises the national and international legal framework and the role played by funding agencies and professional bodies in archaeological practice. In addition, it reports how legal corpora regulate the impact on the management of archaeological digital data. Research infrastructures available at the national level are described, such as the Suquía, an institutional digital archive devoted to archaeology since 2016. Finally, we make a general evaluation of the status quo of research infrastructures mostly concerned with preserving and disseminating data from archaeological research at the national level.

REGIONAL POLICY IN REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA IN CONTEXT OF EU INTEGRATION POLICIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-328
Author(s):  
Marija Karaeva ◽  
Savo Ashtalkoski ◽  
Slavcho Chungurski
Keyword(s):  
Regional Policy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Short Description ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Republic Of Macedonia ◽  
Eu Integration ◽  
Integration Policies ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Right

As one of the priorities of the European Union, regional policy provides a platform for the regions to be proactive in realizing the benefits of integration and due to the additional fact that Republic of Macedonia aims towards EU integration, the goal of this paper is to provide an answer of the question, whether regional policy in Republic of Macedonia is on the right track and if there is a need for certain interventions and changes in the existing legal framework. Within the frame of this paper the problems in the field of regional development the Republic of Macedonia which are the basis for the establishment of regional policy, will be discussed. After short description of the state of the art of the regional policy in Republic of Macedonia, special attention in the paper will be given to the sources of financing of the regional policy in RM. At the end the focus will be put possible software solution for improving the coordination between regional policy with other sectorial policies.

scholarly journals Transcriptomics in Toxicogenomics, Part III: Data Modelling for Risk Assessment

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Serra ◽  
Michele Fratello ◽  
Luca Cattelani ◽  
Irene Liampa ◽  
Georgia Melagraki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Safety Assessment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Data Modelling ◽  
Predictive Toxicology ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Biomarkers Of Exposure ◽  
Transcriptomics Data ◽  
Modelling Techniques ◽  
Adverse Outcome Pathways

Transcriptomics data are relevant to address a number of challenges in Toxicogenomics (TGx). After careful planning of exposure conditions and data preprocessing, the TGx data can be used in predictive toxicology, where more advanced modelling techniques are applied. The large volume of molecular profiles produced by omics-based technologies allows the development and application of artificial intelligence (AI) methods in TGx. Indeed, the publicly available omics datasets are constantly increasing together with a plethora of different methods that are made available to facilitate their analysis, interpretation and the generation of accurate and stable predictive models. In this review, we present the state-of-the-art of data modelling applied to transcriptomics data in TGx. We show how the benchmark dose (BMD) analysis can be applied to TGx data. We review read across and adverse outcome pathways (AOP) modelling methodologies. We discuss how network-based approaches can be successfully employed to clarify the mechanism of action (MOA) or specific biomarkers of exposure. We also describe the main AI methodologies applied to TGx data to create predictive classification and regression models and we address current challenges. Finally, we present a short description of deep learning (DL) and data integration methodologies applied in these contexts. Modelling of TGx data represents a valuable tool for more accurate chemical safety assessment. This review is the third part of a three-article series on Transcriptomics in Toxicogenomics.

scholarly journals Water reuse and desalination in Spain – challenges and opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Navarro
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
General Framework ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Reclaimed Water ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Seawater Desalination ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Alternative Water ◽  
Shed Light

Abstract This article offers an evaluation of the reuse of reclaimed water and desalination in Spain and aims to provide an overview of the state of the art and Spanish legal framework as far as non-conventional resources are concerned. The fight against the scarcity of water resources in this country, especially in the southeast, has made the production of new alternative water resources a clear priority and has turned the nation into a leader in water reuse and seawater desalination. The assessment presented can be used to help build a more general framework, like the European one, and shed light on other comparative legal experiences.

scholarly journals Nanomaterial-Based CO2 Sensors

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2251
Author(s):  
Marwan Y. Rezk ◽  
Jyotsna Sharma ◽  
Manas Ranjan Gartia
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
High Performance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Co2 Concentration ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Future Trends ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽  
Application Fields

The detection of carbon dioxide (CO2) is critical for environmental monitoring, chemical safety control, and many industrial applications. The manifold application fields as well as the huge range of CO2 concentration to be measured make CO2 sensing a challenging task. Thus, the ability to reliably and quantitatively detect carbon dioxide requires vastly improved materials and approaches that can work under different environmental conditions. Due to their unique favorable chemical, optical, physical, and electrical properties, nanomaterials are considered state-of-the-art sensing materials. This mini-review documents the advancement of nanomaterial-based CO2 sensors in the last two decades and discusses their strengths, weaknesses, and major applications. The use of nanomaterials for CO2 sensing offers several improvements in terms of selectivity, sensitivity, response time, and detection, demonstrating the advantage of using nanomaterials for developing high-performance CO2 sensors. Anticipated future trends in the area of nanomaterial-based CO2 sensors are also discussed in light of the existing limitations.

Using the Linked Data Approach in European e-Government Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 27-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Janev ◽  
Vuk Mijović ◽  
Sanja Vraneš
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Linked Data ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
European Directive ◽  
Metadata Quality ◽  
Public Sector Information ◽  
The Eu

This article describes the Linked Data approach, based on principles defined back in 2006, which can play an important role in the domain of semantic interoperabiity of government services. Therefore, this article explores the technical aspects and challenges of implementation of the revised European Directive on the Public Sector Information (2013/37/EU) that provides a common legal framework for a European market for government-held data (public sector information). It examines how the Linked Data approach facilitates the PSI Directive implementation, and in particular, the maturity of standards and tools for statistical Linked Data processing. The statistical domain has been selected due to its relevance for policy prediction, planning and adjustments, and well as its significant impact on the society, from citizens to businesses to governments. The main contributions are related to the delivered state-of-the-art open-source tools for the managing statistical Linked Data and metadata—quality assessment, exploration—and the recommendations that have been integrated in the EU SHARE-PSI Best Practices collection.

scholarly journals State of the Art of Automated Buses

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaagup Ainsalu ◽  
Ville Arffman ◽  
Mauro Bellone ◽  
Maximilian Ellner ◽  
Taina Haapamäki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Last Mile ◽  
Baltic Sea Region ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
The Impact

Urban transportation in the next few decades will shift worldwide towards electrification and automation, with the final aim of increasing energy efficiency and safety for passengers. Such a big change requires strong collaboration and efforts among public administration, research and stakeholders in developing, testing and promoting these technologies in the public transportation. Working in this direction, in the present work the impact of the introduction of driverless electric minibuses, for the first and last mile transportation, in the public service is studied. More specifically, this paper covers a state of the art in terms of technological background for automation, energy efficiency via electrification, and the current state of the legal framework in Europe with focus on the Baltic Sea Region.

scholarly journals Regulatory and legal framework for chemical safety in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
O. S. Dvurechenska
Keyword(s):  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Export Control ◽  
Chemical Weapon ◽  
State Control ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Government Programs ◽  
Chemical Safety ◽  
Legal Norms

Ukraine has never manufactured, amassed or applied chemical weapon. However, on the territory of Ukraine, a significant amount of poisonous substances are used in the industry, in domestic life, in medical and scientific institutions, which may exert a detrimental influence on people and environment. Moreover, various substances may be involved in the production of chemical weapons.The article is aimed at investigating the legal and regulatory framework of Ukraine, which is necessary for the effective functioning of the chemical safety system.At the beginning of the XXI century, a powerful international legal framework has been established in order to prohibit the development, production, stockpiling, application and disposal of the chemical weapons. Particular attention is paid to dual-usage goods. Ukraine has joined the leading international regulatory instrument in the field of chemical safety regulation.The implementation of the international legal norms to the national legislation is in progress of establishment. Ukraine is a party to all international export control regimes. Taking into account international experience, the national export control system is being developed and is constantly being improved. Ukraine signed bilateral and multilateral international treaties in order to launch an effective legal framework for the national chemical safety system.In Ukraine, it has been laid the foundation of the national legal documents base in the field of chemical safety. The major documents include the laws of Ukraine “On Foreign Economic Activity” and “On the State Control over International Transfers of Military and Dual-Use Commodities”, the Concept for Increasing the Level of Chemical Safety, Action Plans and Government Programs, certain Articles of the Codes of Ukraine, a number of documents of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine in the field of regulation of production, storage, transportation, use, disposal and destruction of hazardous chemicals. The national list of military and dual-usage goods has been drawn up and constantly updated in the state. Thus, the regulatory framework of Ukraine in the field of chemical safety is formed and enhanced taking into consideration the national peculiarities of state development and international legal norms.

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