Toxicity assessment to humans of recreational water reservoirs with recurrent cyanobacterial blooms, using a cyto-multitoxicity assay

2011 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. S127
Author(s):  
M. Hernández ◽  
B. Mateos ◽  
F.F. del Campo
Keyword(s):  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Water Reservoirs

scholarly journals Cyanobacterial blooms in kaliski region water reservoirs and water quality parameters / Zakwity sinicowe w zbiornikach okolic Kalisza a wskaźniki jakości wody

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Szczukocki ◽  
Radosław Dałkowski ◽  
Barbara Krawczyk ◽  
Renata Juszczak ◽  
Luiza Kubisiak-Banaszkiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Light Exposure ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Cyanobacterial Cell ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Cyanobacterial Species

Abstract Cyanobacterial blooms occur frequently in artificial lakes, especially in water reservoirs with small retention exposition to anthropopressure. The abundant occurrence of cyanobacteria is accompanied by danger of oxygen imbalance in the aquatic environment and the secretion of toxins that are possible threat to human health and life. Cyanobacterial cell growth depends on a number of physical (temperature, light exposure), chemical (pH, concentration of compounds containing nitrogen and phosphorus) and biological (the presence of other organisms) factors. This paper presents the results of the analysis of water from reservoirs located in southern Wielkopolska region (Pokrzywnica-Szałe, Gołuchów and Piaski-Szczygliczka). Some important physico-chemical parameters of water samples taken from investigated reservoirs as well as cyanotoxins concentration were determined. Furthermore, the cyanobacterial species were identified. There was also an attempt made to correlate the water parameters with the cyanobacteria development and cyanotoxins production. On the basis of the results obtained in the analyzed season, it can be concluded that water from Pokrzywnica and Gołuchów reservoirs was rich in nutrients, hence the intense cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxins in water were observed

Environmental factors associated with toxic cyanobacterial blooms across 20 drinking water reservoirs in a semi-arid region of Brazil

Harmful Algae ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 86 ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mário U.G. Barros ◽  
Alan E. Wilson ◽  
João I.R. Leitão ◽  
Silvano P. Pereira ◽  
Riley P. Buley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Arid Region ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Semi Arid Region ◽  
Semi Arid

Genetic variability and pathogenicity potential of Escherichia coli isolated from recreational water reservoirs

2007 ◽  
Vol 158 (5) ◽  
pp. 420-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato H. Orsi ◽  
Nancy C. Stoppe ◽  
Maria Inês Z. Sato ◽  
Tânia A.T. Gomes ◽  
Paulo I. Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Water Reservoirs

scholarly journals Public health responses to toxic cyanobacterial blooms: perspectives from the 2016 Florida event

Water Policy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 919-932 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Metcalf ◽  
Sandra Anne Banack ◽  
James T. Powell ◽  
Fiona J. M. Tymm ◽  
Susan J. Murch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
World Health ◽  
Lake Okeechobee ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
World Health Organization Guideline

Abstract In June 2016, massive cyanobacterial blooms occurred in the St. Lucie River in Florida, caused by nutrient and cyanobacterial-laden water releases from Lake Okeechobee. We independently collected and analyzed bloom material for cyanotoxin diversity and concentrations. The concentrations of microcystins, potent hepatotoxins, present in the bloom material greatly exceeded World Health Organization Guideline Values for drinking and recreational water. We also detected the neurotoxins anatoxin-a(S) and β-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA). The Florida State Governor declared a state of emergency, but many affected aquatic recreational areas in St. Lucie County remained open during the bloom event without adequate hazard notification to citizens. During the bloom event, issues with preparedness, communication, sampling, analysis, closures and contingencies were observed. We suggest better ways that cyanobacterial bloom events can be predicted, managed, and mitigated in the future throughout the world. As similar problems with cyanobacterial bloom frequency and occurrence present worldwide, understanding governmental responses to the 2016 Florida incident can help in the development of effective mitigation and management strategies for future bloom events.

scholarly journals Degradation of [Dha7]MC-LR by a Microcystin Degrading Bacterium Isolated from Lake Rotoiti, New Zealand

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theerasak Somdee ◽  
Michelle Thunders ◽  
John Ruck ◽  
Isabelle Lys ◽  
Margaret Allison ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
16S Rrna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Toxic Blooms ◽  
First Time ◽  
By Products

For the first time a microcystin-degrading bacterium (NV-3 isolate) has been isolated and characterized from a NZ lake. Cyanobacterial blooms in New Zealand (NZ) waters contain microcystin (MC) hepatotoxins at concentrations which are a risk to animal and human health. Degradation of MCs by naturally occurring bacteria is an attractive bioremediation option for removing MCs from drinking and recreational water sources. The NV-3 isolate was identified by 16S rRNA sequence analysis and found to have 100% nucleotide sequence homology with the Sphingomonas MC-degrading bacterial strain MD-1 from Japan. The NV-3 isolate (concentration of 1.0×108 CFU/mL) at 30°C degraded a mixture of [Dha7]MC-LR and MC-LR (concentration 25 μg/mL) at a maximum rate of 8.33 μg/mL/day. The intermediate by-products of [Dha7]MC-LR degradation were detected and similar to MC-LR degradation by-products. The presence of three genes (mlrA, mlrB, and mlrC), that encode three enzymes involved in the degradation of MC-LR, were identified in the NV-3 isolate. This study confirmed that degradation of [Dha7]MC-LR by the Sphingomonas isolate NV-3 occurred by a similar mechanism previously described for MC-LR by Sphingomonas strain MJ-PV (ACM-3962). This has important implications for potential bioremediation of toxic blooms containing a variety of MCs in NZ waters.

scholarly journals Microbial diversity and toxin risk in tropical freshwater reservoirs of Cape Verde

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana P. Semedo-Aguiar ◽  
José B. Pereira-Leal ◽  
Ricardo B. Leite
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
Toxin Production ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Cyanobacterial Toxin ◽  
Close Relationship

AbstractThe Cape Verde islands are part of the African Sahelian arid belt that possesses an irregular rainy season between August and October. This erratic rain pattern has prompted the need for water reservoirs, now critical for the country’s sustainability. Worldwide, freshwater cyanobacterial blooms are increasing in frequency due to global climate change and eutrophication of water bodies, particularly in reservoirs. To date there have been no risk assessments of cyanobacterial toxin production in these man-made structures. We evaluated this potential risk using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and full metagenome sequencing in freshwater reservoirs of Cape Verde.Our analysis revealed the presence of several potentially toxic cyanobacterial genera in all sampled reservoirs (Poilão, Saquinho and Faveta). In Faveta Microcystis sp., a genus well known for toxin production and bloom-formation, dominated our samples, while a green algae of the genus Cryptomonas and Gammaproteobacteria dominated Saquinho and Poilão.Taking advantage of the dominance of Microcystis in the Faveta reservoir, we were able to reconstruct and assemble its genome, extracted from a metagenome of bulk DNA from Faveta water. We named it Microcystis cf. aeruginosa CV01, for which a phylogenetic analysis revealed to have a close relationship with other genomes from those taxa, as well as other continental African strains, suggesting geographical coherency. In addition, it revealed several clusters of known toxin-producing genes. This assessment of Cape Verdean freshwater microbial diversity and potential for toxin production reinforces the need to better understand the microbial ecology as a whole of water reservoirs on the rise.

scholarly journals The cyanobacterial saxitoxin exacerbates neural cell death and brain malformations induced by Zika virus

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina da S. G. Pedrosa ◽  
Leticia R. Q. Souza ◽  
Caroline V. F. de Lima ◽  
Pitia F. Ledur ◽  
Karina Karmirian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Zika Virus ◽  
Neural Cell ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Brain Abnormalities ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Chronic Ingestion

AbstractThe northeast (NE) region of Brazil commonly goes through drought periods, which favor cyanobacterial blooms, capable of producing neurotoxins with implications for human and animal health. The most severe dry spell in the history of Brazil occurred between 2012 and 2016. Coincidently, the highest incidence of microcephaly associated with the Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak was described in the NE region of Brazil during the same years. In this work, we tested the hypothesis that saxitoxin (STX), a neurotoxin produced in South America by the freshwater cyanobacteria Raphidiopsis raciborskii, could have contributed to the most severe Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) profile described worldwide. Quality surveillance showed higher cyanobacteria amounts and STX occurrence in human drinking water supplies of NE compared to other regions of Brazil. Experimentally, we described that STX doubled the amount of ZIKV-induced neural cell death in progenitor areas of human brain organoids, while the chronic ingestion of water contaminated with STX before and during gestation caused brain abnormalities in offspring of ZIKV-infected immunocompetent C57BL/6J mice. Our data indicate that saxitoxin-producing cyanobacteria is overspread in water reservoirs of the NE and might have acted as a co-insult to ZIKV infection in Brazil. These results raise a public health concern regarding the consequences of arbovirus outbreaks happening in areas with droughts and/or frequent freshwater cyanobacterial blooms.Author summaryThe uncontrolled spreading of cyanobacteria in drinking water reservoirs has been the cause of serious public health problems worldwide. Toxin-producing cyanobacterial blooms commonly occur during drought periods in the northeast (NE) region of Brazil. During Zika Virus (ZIKV) outbreak in 2015-16, Brazilian NE showed disproportionately higher microcephaly incidence. Here, we test the hypothesis that the cyanotoxin saxitoxin (STX) may act as a co-insult for ZIKV. Water quality surveillance data showed increased cyanobacteria population and higher STX amount in NE region during 2014-2018. In vitro, we observed that neural progenitor cell death was doubled after STX exposure to ZIKV-infected brain organoids. In vivo, chronic ingestion of STX during gestational period potentiated ZIKV-derived brain abnormalities in newborn mice. Our study provides new insights that may explain the discrepancies among Brazilian regions regarding CZS severity. Moreover, the data highlight the importance of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin freshwater monitoring for future arbovirus outbreaks.

scholarly journals Influence of Cyanobacterial Bloom on Freshwater Biocoenosis. Use of Bioassays for Cyanobacterial Microcystins Toxicity Assessment

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlena Piontek ◽  
Wanda Czyżewska
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Daphnia Magna ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Aquatic Invertebrates ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Toxicity Assessment ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Dugesia Tigrina

Abstract The issues presented in this study concern a very important problem of the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms in surface water used for water supply purposes. The objective of this study was to analyze the occurrence of cyanotoxic risk in the catchment area of the Obrzyca River (including Sławskie lake which is the beginning of the river), which is a source of drinking water for the inhabitants of Zielona Góra. In order to evaluate toxicity of cyanobacterial bloom it was conducted toxicological testing using aquatic invertebrates (Daphnia magna, Dugesia tigrina) and heterotrophic bacteria (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Pseudomonas fluorescens). Test samples were collected from May to October, 2012. The most toxic was a sample collected from Lake Sławskie on 20th October when cyanobacteria bloom with a predominance of Microcystis aeruginosa occurred and the amount of microcystins was the largest. The methanol extract of the sample was toxic only above a concentration of 6·103 mg·dm-3. The lethal concentration (48-h LC 50) for Daphnia magna was 3.09·103 and for Dugesia tigrina (240-h LC 50) 1.51·103 mg·dm-3 of microcystins (MC-LR, MC-YR and MC-RR). The same extract stimulated growth of Escherichia coli and Enterococcus faecalis cells.

Occurrence of Microcystins in Bavarian Recreational Water - A Monitoring Program for Health Protection

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Resch ◽  
W. Höbel ◽  
A. Miller ◽  
S.C. Walther
Keyword(s):  
Fresh Water ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Cyanobacterial Bloom ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Recreational Water ◽  
Phosphate Content ◽  
Algae Bloom ◽  
Chlorophyll A Content

Cyanobacterial blooms in fresh water lakes have become an increasing problem in temperate zones due to eutrophication of the water. In some fresh water lakes in Bavaria cyanobacteria developed to one of the dominant plankonic organisms. Cyanobacteria are able to produce toxins, such as microcystins (MCYSTs), anatoxin, cylindrospermopsin or saxitoxin. MCYSTs are hepatotoxic, cyclic heptapeptides. Illness after recreation in lakes exhibiting cyanobacterial bloom has been observed. A graduated scheme of visual inspection and chemical analysis was applied to monitor the Bavarian recreational water. When algae bloom occurred and/or water transparency decreased to one metre or less a water sample was taken for analysis of total MCYSTs content by ELISA. If total MCYSTs content exceeded 10μg/l, verification by HPLC analysis was performed. Since 2003 164 samples have been analyzed originating from 66 Bavarian lakes. In 49 lakes no MCYSTs were detected. However, 10-100μg/l total MCYSTs were detected in five lakes, 100-1000μg/l in five lakes and more than 1000μg/l in four lakes. The main MCYSTs detected were MCYST-RR, -LR and YR in changing concentrations. In two out of three lakes MCYSTs content correlated linear with chlorophyll a content. However, no correlation between phosphate content and MCYSTs content was observed. Even at phosphate concentrations as low as 0.02 mg/l up to 2600 μg/l MCYST were formed.

scholarly journals How to mitigate cyanobacterial blooms and cyanotoxin production in eutrophic water reservoirs?

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 778 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Pawlik-Skowronska ◽  
Magdalena Toporowska
Keyword(s):  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Eutrophic Water
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