scholarly journals Recovery of critical metals from EV batteries via thermal treatment and leaching with sulphuric acid at ambient temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Petranikova ◽  
Pol Llorach Naharro ◽  
Nathália Vieceli ◽  
Gabriele Lombardo ◽  
Burçak Ebin
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Critical Metals

scholarly journals Structure and Mechanical Properties of AlSiCuMg Alloy after Thermo Processing

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
J. Piątkowski ◽  
P. Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Microcrystalline Structure ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
Base Content ◽  
Solution Type

Abstract In the dissertation it has been shown, that so called „time-thermal treatment” (TTT) of the alloy in liquid state, as overheating the metal with around 250°C above the Tliq. and detaining it in this temperature for around 30 minutes, improves the mechanical properties (HB, Rm, R0,2). It was ascertained, that overheating the AlSi17Cu5Mg alloy aids the modification, resulting with microcrystalline structure. Uniform arrangement of the Si primeval crystals in the warp, and α(Al) solution type, supersaturated with alloying elements present in the base content (Cu, Mg) assures not only increased durability in the ambient temperature, but also at elevated temperature (250°C), what is an advantage, especially due to the use in car industry.

Coprecipitation of gadolinium with calcium sulphate dihydrate

2010 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bouhlassa ◽  
F. Selhamen
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Elemental Analysis ◽  
Calcium Sulphate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Radiotracer Technique ◽  
Elementary Processes ◽  
X Ray

AbstractThe present study reports the coprecipitation of gadolinium with calcium sulphate dihydrate, in aqueous solutions of sulphuric acid, at constant ionic strength using a radiotracer technique.The experimental results obtained at ambient temperature, show that the quantity of gadolinium ions coprecipitated in gypsum identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and elemental analysis is very small, lower than 4ߙat.ߙ%. The mechanism of coprecipitation of Gd(III) has been discussed, although the elementary processes of the mechanism are not clear.The distribution of gadolinium between precipitate of gypsum and saturated aqueous solutions of H

scholarly journals Study of Copper Leaching from Mining Waste in Acidic Media, at Ambient Temperature and Atmospheric Pressure

Minerals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Juan María Terrones-Saeta ◽  
Jorge Suárez-Macías ◽  
Francisco Javier Linares del Río ◽  
Francisco Antonio Corpas-Iglesias
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Environmental Pollution ◽  
Sulphuric Acid ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Copper Concentration ◽  
Copper Recovery ◽  
Mining Wastes ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Copper Leaching ◽  
Mining Residues

Mining activity produces a series of wastes that must be treated to avoid environmental pollution. In addition, some of these mining wastes still contain metallic elements that are interesting for their extraction with new less expensive techniques and that can work with low mineral grades, such as hydrometallurgy. This study evaluates the suitability of Copper recovery in mining wastes, coming from waste dump, with a high percentage of metal oxides and granite. This recovery is carried out through leaching in 0.05, 0.10, 0.15 and 0.20 molar Sulphuric Acid solutions, at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. The exposure of the waste to the solution was made for 96 h, taking measurements of the leaching and evaluating the increase in Copper concentration every 24 h. The results reflected a good Copper recovery rate with concentrations up to 1.9 g/L. The best results were obtained for the 0.20 molar Sulphuric Acid solutions, producing a stability in the Copper concentration after 72 h. Other elements in smaller proportion as the Zinc were also recovered. Therefore, a process of recovery of Copper was obtained with a robust, versatile and economic technique in mining residues that currently represent an environmental pollution.

β-Acetoxyethyl Silsesquioxanes: Chloride-Free Precursors for SiO2 Films Via Staged Hydrolysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin A. Ezbiansky ◽  
Barry Arkles ◽  
Russell J. Composto ◽  
Donald H. Berry
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Fluoride Ion ◽  
Silica Network ◽  
Silica Films ◽  
Pure Silica ◽  
Major Reaction ◽  
A Minor

AbstractSilsesquioxanes containing β-acetoxyethyl (BAE) groups are processible resins that can be employed as spin-on-glass precursors to dielectric silica films. Thermal treatment >250 °C results in extrusion of ethylene from the CH2CH2OCOCH3 moiety with formation of Si- OCOCH3 groups, which undergo facile hydrolysis to a silica network. A minor pathway involving extrusion of acetic acid leaves some silicon vinyl groups, leading to residual organic carbon in the material. However, addition of a fluoride ion catalyst greatly accelerates the major reaction, resulting in lower conversion temperatures (<200 °C), quantitative extrusion of ethylene, and essentially pure silica. Alternatively, BAESSQs can be processed photochemically (λ <200 nm) to cleanly yield silica at ambient temperature.

scholarly journals Crystallization of AlSi17Cu5Mg Alloy after Time-thermal Treatment

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Piątkowski ◽  
P. Kamiński
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Liquid State ◽  
Microcrystalline Structure ◽  
Car Industry ◽  
Base Content ◽  
Silicon Crystals ◽  
Alloying Additives

Abstract In the dissertation it has been shown, that so called “time-thermal treatment” (TTT) of the alloy in liquid state as overheating the metal with around 250°C above Tliq. and detailing it in temperature for 30 to 40 minutes has the influence on changing the crystallization parameters (Tliq., TEmin., TEmax., TE(Me), TSol.). It was ascertained, that overheating the AlSi17Cu5Mg alloy substantially above Tliq. results with microcrystalline structure. Evenly distributed in the eutectic warp primeval silicon crystals and supersaturated with alloying additives of base content (Cu, Mg, Fe) of α(Al) solution, ensures not only increase durability in ambient temperature, but also at elevated temperature (250°C), what due to it’s use in car industry is an advantage.

scholarly journals Effect of Alloy Additions on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of the AlSi7Mg0.3 Alloy

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
B. P. Pisarek ◽  
C. Rapiejko ◽  
T. Szymczak ◽  
T. Pacyniak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Investment Casting ◽  
Aluminium Alloys ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Intermetallic Phases ◽  
Industrial Technology ◽  
Made In

Abstract The study presents the results of the investigations of the effect of Cu, Ni, Cr, V, Mo and W alloy additions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy. The examinations were performed within a project the aim of which is to elaborate an experimental and industrial technology of producing elements of machines and devices complex in their construction, made of aluminium alloys by the method of precision investment casting. It was demonstrated that a proper combination of alloy additions causes the crystallization of complex intermetallic phases in the silumin, shortens the SDAS and improves the strength properties: Rm, Rp0.2,HB hardness. Elevating these properties reduces At, which, in consequence, lowers the quality index Q of the alloy of the obtained casts. Experimental casts were made in ceramic moulds preliminarily heated to 160 °C, into which the AlSi7Mg0.3 alloy with the additions was cast, followed by its cooling at ambient temperature. With the purpose of increasing the value of the quality index Q, it is recommended that the process of alloy cooling in the ceramic mould be intensified and/or a thermal treatment of the casts be performed (ageing)(T6).

scholarly journals Temperature and moisture content effects on compressive strength parallel to the grain of paricá

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Jesús Manríquez Figueroa ◽  
Poliana Dias de Moraes ◽  
Fernanda Almeida Maestri
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Water Saturated

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the temperature and moisture content on the compressive strength parallel to the grain of paricá (Schizolobium amazonicum Huber ex. Ducke) from cultivated forests. The experiments were carried out on 3 timber samples under different conditions: heated (HT), thermal treatment (TT) and water saturated (WS). The HT sample consisted of 105 clear specimens assembled in 15 groups, the TT consisted of 90 clear specimens assembled in 15 groups and the WS consisted of 90 clear specimens assembled in 9 groups. The specimens from HT and WS samples were tested at a temperature range from 20 to 230 ºC and 20 to 100 ºC, respectively. The HT specimens were tested at ambient temperature, but after being submitted to thermal treatment. The HT, TT and WS samples present a decrease in the compressive strength, reaching 65%, 76% and 59% of the compressive strength at room temperature, respectively. The decrease in the compressive strength of the HT and WS samples can be associated to the thermal degradation of wood polymers and the moisture content. For the TT sample, the strength increased for a pre-heating temperature of up to 170 °C due to the reduction in the moisture content of the specimens.

Pollutant Identification by Selected Area Electron Diffraction

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 532-533
Author(s):  
R. E. Ferrell ◽  
G. G. Paulson ◽  
C. W. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Electron Diffraction ◽  
Sample Preparation ◽  
Crystal Structures ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Environmental Samples ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Multiple Component

Selected area electron diffraction (SAD) has been used successfully to determine crystal structures, identify traces of minerals in rocks, and characterize the phases formed during thermal treatment of micron-sized particles. There is an increased interest in the method because it has the potential capability of identifying micron-sized pollutants in air and water samples. This paper is a short review of the theory behind SAD and a discussion of the sample preparation employed for the analysis of multiple component environmental samples.

SEM of non-coated hepatocellular cytoskeleton of perfused livers

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
S.W. French ◽  
N.C. Benson ◽  
C. Davis-Scibienski
Keyword(s):  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Protease Inhibitors ◽  
Metal Deposition ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Detergent Extraction ◽  
Cytoskeletal Elements ◽  
Triton X ◽  
Excised Tissue

Previous SEM studies of liver cytoskeletal elements have encountered technical difficulties such as variable metal coating and heat damage which occurs during metal deposition. The majority of studies involving evaluation of the cell cytoskeleton have been limited to cells which could be isolated, maintained in culture as a monolayer and thus easily extracted. Detergent extraction of excised tissue by immersion has often been unsatisfactory beyond the depth of several cells. These disadvantages have been avoided in the present study. Whole C3H mouse livers were perfused in situ with 0.5% Triton X-100 in a modified Jahn's buffer including protease inhibitors. Perfusion was continued for 1 to 2 hours at ambient temperature. The liver was then perfused with a 2% buffered gluteraldehyde solution. Liver samples including spontaneous tumors were then maintained in buffered gluteraldehyde for 2 hours. Samples were processed for SEM and TEM using the modified thicarbohydrazide procedure of Malich and Wilson, cryofractured, and critical point dried (CPD). Some samples were mechanically fractured after CPD.

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