Potential for growth and inhibition ofListeria monocytogenes in meat and poultry products

On the basis of updated data, the influence of working conditions on the nosological structure of professional morbidity of workers in the basic branches of animal husbandry of the Russian Federation is analyzed. In total, from 2011 to 2017, occupational diseases were detected in 823 livestock workers, who received 881 diagnoses, of which the share of cattle breeders, poultry breeders and pig breeders accounted for 95,0, 3,4 and 1,6 % of cases, respectively. Harmful labor factors that cause the formation of professional pathology in livestock breeders were: physical overload (64,6 %), industrial contact with cattle infected with Brucella abortus bovis (32,6 %) and the presence of dust in the work area containing toxic chemicals and aggressive biological mixes (2,3 %). A high etiopathogenetic relationship between the nosological form of the disease and working conditions in the profession was revealed. In livestock workers, occupational diseases were formed under the influence of physical overloads (64,6 %) and infection with the brucellosis pathogen (34,6 %); in pig farming, as a result of the severity of labor (84.5 %) and air pollution of the working area with dust, chemical toxicants and biologically active substances (7,7 %); in poultry farming, occupational health risk was associated with allergization of working with poultry products (50 %) and physical overloads (42,9 %). In the nosological spectrum of accumulated occupational diseases of livestock workers, the first rank places were occupied by residual brucellosis (32,6 %), radiculopathy of the cervical and lumbo-sacral levels (25,8 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (25,2 %), arthrosis and polyarthrosis (8,2 %), shoulder and shoulder periarthrosis (5,4 %). In poultry workers ¾ respiratory diseases: allergic bronchial asthma (39,3 %), allergic rhinopharyngitis (10,7 %) and cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (21,4 %). Pig workers were mainly diagnosed with cervical and lumbo-sacral radiculopathy (46,2 %), mono- and polyneuropathy (23,1 %), shoulder periarthrosis (15.4 %).

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A novel high-content screening approach for the elucidation of C. jejuni biofilm composition and integrity

BMC Microbiology ◽

10.1186/s12866-020-02062-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Matthew V. X. Whelan ◽

Jeremy C. Simpson ◽

Tadhg Ó Cróinín

Keyword(s):

Atmospheric Oxygen ◽

Chicken Meat ◽

Live Cells ◽

High Throughput Analysis ◽

Aerobic Conditions ◽

Poultry Products ◽

Source Of Infection ◽

Fluorescent Markers ◽

Oxygen Conditions ◽

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Abstract Background Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis worldwide and the main source of infection is contaminated chicken meat. Although this important human pathogen is an obligate microaerophile, it must survive atmospheric oxygen conditions to allow transmission from contaminated chicken meat to humans. It is becoming increasingly evident that formation of biofilm plays a key role in the survival of this organism for extended periods on poultry products. We have recently demonstrated a novel inducible model for the study of adherent C. jejuni biofilm formation under aerobic conditions. By taking advantage of supercoiling mediated gene regulation, incubation of C. jejuni with subinhibitory concentrations of the Gyrase B inhibitor novobiocin was shown to promote the consistent formation of metabolically active adherent biofilm. Results In this study, we implement this model in conjunction with the fluorescent markers: TAMRA (live cells) and SytoX (dead cells, eDNA) to develop a novel systematic high-content imaging approach and describe how it can be implemented to gain quantifiable information about the integrity and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) composition of adherent C. jejuni biofilm in aerobic conditions. We show that this produces a model with a consistent, homogenous biofilm that can be induced and used to screen a range of inhibitors of biofilm adherence and matrix formation. Conclusions This model allows for the first time a high throughput analysis of C. jejuni biofilms which will be invaluable in enabling researchers to develop mechanisms to disrupt these biofilms and reduce the viability of these bacteria under aerobic conditions.

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Salmonella Bacteriophage Diversity According to Most Prevalent Salmonella Serovars in Layer and Broiler Poultry Farms from Eastern Spain

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani10091456 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 1456

Author(s):

Sandra Sevilla-Navarro ◽

Pablo Catalá-Gregori ◽

Clara Marin

Keyword(s):

Point Of View ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Poultry Products ◽

Production Type ◽

Poultry Farms ◽

Commercial Poultry ◽

Salmonella Serovars ◽

The Impact ◽

Phage Isolation ◽

Salmonella Phage

The exploration of novel nonantibiotic interventions in the field, such as the use of bacteriophages, is necessary to avoid the presence of Salmonella. Bacteriophages are a group of viruses widely distributed in nature, strictly associated with the prokaryotic cell. Researchers have demonstrated the success of phage therapy in reducing Salmonella counts in poultry products. However, the impact that phage concentration in the environment may have against certain Salmonella serovars is not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess Salmonella phage prevalence in commercial poultry farms in terms of the production type: layers or broilers. The most prevalent Salmonella serovars isolated in poultry production were used for phage isolation. Salmonella specific phages were isolated from 141 layer and broiler farms located in the Valencia region during 2019. Analysis of the samples revealed that 100% presented Salmonella phages, the most prevalent being against serovar S. Enteritidis (93%), followed by S. Virchow (59%), S. Typhimurium (55%), S. Infantis (52%) and S. Ohio (51%). These results indicate that poultry farms could represent an important source of Salmonella phages. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to assess the epidemiology of phages against other serovars present in other countries and their diversity from the point of view of molecular studies.

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Kaempferia galanga Linn. Extract – A potential antibacterial agent for preservation of poultry products

LWT ◽

10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111553 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 147 ◽

pp. 111553

Author(s):

Lin Song ◽

Xiaofei Wu ◽

Jingwen Xie ◽

Hui Zhang ◽

Huanbin Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibacterial Agent ◽

Poultry Products ◽

Kaempferia Galanga

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Transcriptome Analysis of the Cecal Tonsil of Jingxing Yellow Chickens Revealed the Mechanism of Differential Resistance to Salmonella

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes10120979 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 979 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Fei Wang ◽

Jin Zhang ◽

Bo Zhu ◽

Jie Wang ◽

Qiao Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Immune Response ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Differential Resistance ◽

Receptor Interaction ◽

Salmonella Infection ◽

Poultry Products ◽

Food Borne ◽

Cecal Tonsil ◽

Iga Production

Salmonella is one of the most common food-borne pathogens. It can be transmitted between chickens, as well as to people by contaminated poultry products. In our study, we distinguished chickens with different resistances mainly based on bacterial loads. We compared the cecal tonsil transcriptomes between the susceptible and resistant chickens after Salmonella infection, aiming to identify the crucial genes participating in the antibacterial activity in the cecal tonsil. A total of 3214 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including 2092 upregulated and 1122 downregulated genes, were identified between the two groups (fold change ≥ 2.0, padj < 0.05). Many DEGs were mainly involved in the regulation of two biological processes: crosstalk between the cecal tonsil epithelium and pathogenic bacteria, such as focal adhesion, extracellular-matrix–receptor interaction, and regulation of the actin cytoskeleton and host immune response including the cytokine–receptor interaction. In particular, the challenged resistant birds exhibited strong activation of the intestinal immune network for IgA production, which perhaps contributed to the resistance to Salmonella infection. These findings give insight into the mRNA profile of the cecal tonsil between the two groups after initial Salmonella stimulation, which may extend the known complexity of molecular mechanisms in chicken immune response to Salmonella.

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Poultry Production in Nepal: Characteristics, Productivity and Constraints

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v5i2.17616 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 222-226 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rajani Osti ◽

Dinesh Bhattarai ◽

Harshika Chaudhary ◽

Virendra Singh

Keyword(s):

Egg Production ◽

Marketing Channel ◽

Site Investigation ◽

Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽

Poultry Production ◽

Poultry Products ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ranking Technique ◽

Poultry Farming

Poultry farming is integral part of agriculture in Nepal. The objective of this research was to analyze the prevailing production constraints, characterization of poultry farming and its economic analysis using questionnaire-based survey and on-site investigation. 180 farms were selected from 3 major districts. Garrett’s ranking technique was used to analyze the constraints. Highly significant difference (P<0.01) in size of poultry farm was found. We found significant difference in feeding, housing and drinking system for the chicken. Un-organized chicken marketing channel was observed in the study area. High chicks’ mortality, wastage of feed, insecure vaccination and frequent drop in egg production were characteristic of laying hens. Newcastle disease and Chronic Respiratory Disease were acknowledged as the biggest constraint of chicken production. Government and concerned agencies need to take active part for the extension service to strengthen the health of chicken and organized marketing channel is essential for selling of poultry products which can improve the profit to the farmers.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 5(2): 222-226

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Women Role and Status in Pukhtoon Society (A Case Study of Village Sufaid Dheri, Peshawar)

International Journal of Learning and Development ◽

10.5296/ijld.v2i3.1971 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 313

Author(s):

Anwar Alam

Keyword(s):

Social Role ◽

General Role ◽

Home Management ◽

Economic Role ◽

Poultry Products ◽

Time Table ◽

Care Family ◽

Live Stock ◽

Productive Role

This study was undertaken on the topic, “Women role and status in Pukjtoon Society; A case study of village Sufaid Deri, Peshawar). For this study the researcher selected 70 respondents on purposive sampling basis from the fixed age group of 25-45 years of age.Interview schedule was used as the tool of data collection due to illiterate respondents. The study indicates that the women role and status is determined in puktoon society by the male. Her general role is only home management; Cleaning, Washing, Cooking, Budget Making, Agriculture Activities (Livestock & Poultry etc), Sewing and Embroidery making, Socialization of Children, Participation in Ceremonial activities and female oriented Job/ Service. Her contribution in decision making includes; Socialization & Education, Home Management, Health Care, Family Planning, Budget Making, Time table of Work and Game / Play, Salary / Income Keeping and Spending, Participation in Ceremonial Activities, Sharing / Suggestion in Every matter. Her economic role includes; Job / Service, Selling daily used commodities, Live Stock / Milk Products, Poultry Products and Netting, Sewing and Embroidery making and selling. Her social role consists upon; Participation in Marriage ceremonies, Participation in Death Ceremonies, Participation in traditional and all types of ceremonies. Problems faced by women in their productive role-play; Women are less advantaged, lack of mobility, Limited education, no access to resources, invisible partners of development, low health, low levels of nutrition, high rates of mortality, male dominancy and patriarchy. To improve the role and status of puktoon women it was recommended that women education should be improved and they should be given equal participation in developmental activities of the society. Key Words: Home management; Cleaning, Washing, Cooking, Budget Making, Agriculture Activities (Livestock & Poultry etc), Sewing and Embroidery making, Socialization of Children, Participation in Ceremonial activities and female oriented Job/ Service.

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