Gender, anxiety-depressivity and self-image among adolescents

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Kirkcaldy ◽  
Georg Siefen ◽  
Adrian Furnham
Keyword(s):  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Mathematical Competency ◽  
Physical Complaints ◽  
Linguistic Competency ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Maternal Rejection ◽  
Paternal Acceptance

AbstractTwo groups of non- and “quasi-depressives”—the latter corresponding to high depression scorers—German adolescents were examined to determine the effect of gender and depression in predicting physical ailments, self-image and attitudes towards parents. Quasi-depressive adolescents displayed higher frequencies of physical complaints across all five subscales of the Giessen physical complaints inventory compared to the non-depressive counterparts. Females generally reported more ailments (exhaustion, gastrointestinal, circulatory, and colds) than males. In contrast to males who showed scarce difference between depressives and non-depressives, female depressives exhibited substantially higher gastrointestinal ailments than non-depressive females. Depressives emerged as displaying inferior self-images, lower paternal acceptance, and somewhat higher maternal rejection, compared to non-depressives. Female adolescents displayed lower self-image, lower paternal acceptance (but not maternal rejection/acceptance), lower mathematical competency, and higher linguistic competency, when compared to male adolescents.

Weight and Dieting Concerns in Adolescents, Fashion or Symptom?

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 384-390
Author(s):  
Regina C. Casper ◽  
Daniel Offer
Keyword(s):  
Female Adolescents ◽  
White Female ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Senior Year ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Self Image ◽  
Black Female Adolescents ◽  
Symptomatic Distress

Attitudes toward body weight and dieting and the relations of these attitudes to psychological adjustment were investigated in 497 randomly selected adolescents who were in their senior year in one urban and two suburban midwestern high schools. Most students reported feeling physically healthy. Two thirds of female adolescents were preoccupied with weight and dieting compared with only a small number (approximately 15%) of male adolescents. Black female adolescents were found to be less weight- and diet-conscious than white female adolescents. Increased weight and dieting concerns were associated with greater body and self-image dissatisfaction, with a depressed mood, and greater overall symptomatic distress in both male and female adolescents. The fairly common fear of being overweight and thoughts about dieting experienced by contemporary female adolescents, in part, seem to reflect the greater aesthetic value that contemporary society places on thinness for women. Overall, the findings suggest that preoccupation with weight and/or dieting concerns in either male or female adolescents are likely to indicate psychological problems.

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF ADOLESCENTS WITH REFERENCE TO GENDER

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nisha Chandel ◽  
Seema Chopra
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Understanding Emotions ◽  
School Records ◽  
Better Than

The present study was undertaken to find out emotional intelligence and academic achievement of male and female adolescents. The sample consists of 82 students( 41 male and 41 female adolescents) from different schools in Hamirpur district of Himachal Pradesh. Emotional intelligence was assessed with the help of Emotional Intelligence Scale developed by Singh and Narain (2014) and academic achievement score were taken from the school records. The results revealed that there exists a significant difference in emotional intelligence of male and female adolescents. It was found that there existed significant difference in academic achievement of female adolescents and male adolescents. The mean emotional intelligence of female adolescents was better than of male adolescents. On the dimensions of emotional intelligence, it was found that there was no significant difference between male and female adolescents on understanding emotions, empathy and handling relations dimensions of emotional intelligence; while it was reported that there was significant difference between male and female adolescents on understanding motivation dimension of emotional intelligence On the other hand, it was found that there existed significant difference in academic achievement of female adolescents and male adolescents.

Psychometric Properties and Measurement Invariance Across Sex of the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale in Chinese adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 003329412097263
Author(s):  
Meilin Di ◽  
Xinping Deng ◽  
Jingjing Zhao ◽  
Feng Kong
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Latent Mean Differences ◽  
Emotional Appraisal ◽  
Mean Differences

The aim of this study was to validate the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale (WLEIS) in Chinese adolescents by examining factor structure, sex-related measurement invariance and latent mean differences, reliability, and criterion-related validity.A total of 1674 Chinese adolescents aged 12–17 years old (Mage = 15.26, SD = .58) were recruited. Results of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) supported the four-factor model of the WLEIS as the best fit to the data. Multi-group CFA suggested that the measurement structure of the WLEIS was invariant across sex. Testing for the latent mean differences showed that male adolescents scored lower on the Other-Emotional Appraisal subscale, but scored higher on the Regulation of Emotion subscale than female adolescents. Furthermore, all the subscales of male and female adolescents had satisfactory composite reliability. Finally, the WLEIS had favorable criterion-related validity with self-esteem, life satisfaction, positive affect, negative affect and perceived stress. These findings suggested that the WLEIS is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing trait emotional intelligence of adolescents and can be generalized across sex.

scholarly journals Psycho-social factors associated with high depressive symptomatology in female adolescents and gender difference in adolescent depression: an epidemiological survey in China’s Hubei Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenzhe Sun ◽  
Junhua Mei ◽  
Yanyan Wang ◽  
Xin Zhao ◽  
Zhou Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Depressive Symptomatology ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background Exploring etiological clues to adolescent depression, especially in female adolescents, might be helpful to improve the social environment of female adolescents. The aim at this study is to explore psycho-social factors of female adolescents with high depressive symptomatology and gender differences in depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents. Method We examined 4100 adolescents from Wuhan city and Jianli county via a cross-sectional study. Depressive symptomatology was screened through the Chinese version of Center for Epidemiology Studies Depression Scale. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to explore the factors related to high depressive symptomatology in female and male adolescents, respectively. Results The prevalence of high depressive symptomatology in female and male were 38.9 and 30.2% respectively. The psycho-social factors of high depressive symptomatology in female adolescents were age (Adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.201, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.076 ~ 1.341), single parent family (aOR = 2.004, 95%CI, 1.448 ~ 2.772) and fathers’ education level (compared to primary school and below, [Junior middle school, aOR = 0.641, 95%CI, 0.439 ~ 0.934; Senior middle school, aOR = 0.603, 95%CI, 0.410 ~ 0.888; College degree and above, aOR = 0.639, 95%CI, 0.437 ~ 0.936]). Conclusion Fathers’ education level was associated with high depressive symptomatology in female adolescents. Female adolescents whose father with primary school education or below deserves more attention. Further epidemiologic researches need to be conducted to explore the different risk factors between female and male adolescents in China.

Information sources about face-to-face meetings with people from the Internet: Gendered influence on adolescents’ risk perception and behavior

2021 ◽  
pp. 146144482110148
Author(s):  
Vojtěch Mýlek ◽  
Lenka Dedkova ◽  
David Smahel
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
News Media ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Practical Recommendations

Adolescents commonly make new social connections online that sometimes result in face-to-face meetings. Despite potential benefits, risk-focused discourse dominates public debates and shapes information shared by sources important for adolescents—news media, preventive programs, peers, parents, and teachers. Our study examines how information about face-to-face meetings from these sources relates to adolescents’ risk perception and engagement in such meetings. Using a sample of 707 Czech adolescents (aged 11–16 years, 46% male), we analyzed these effects for male and female adolescents to reflect the gendered nature of the risk-focused discourse. Male adolescents’ risk perception was not affected by information from any source. Female adolescents’ risk perception was negatively affected by information peers with prior experience with face-to-face meetings but not by other information sources. Female adolescents also perceived face-to-face meetings as riskier in general. We discuss gender differences and the limited impact of information sources on risk perception and provide practical recommendations.

Low Self-Control, Parental Intervention, and Delinquency Among Native American Youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunin Baek ◽  
Jason A. Nicholson ◽  
George E. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Parental Intervention ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Low Self Control

Researchers in criminal justice literature have relatively underexamined the delinquency among Native American (NA) youth. Using data from the Drug Use Among Young Indians: Epidemiology and Prediction study, the present study tested assumptions in Gottfredson and Hirschi’s self-control theory. This study found evidence supporting the theory. Low self-control was a significant predictor to NA adolescents’ delinquency. However, parental intervention as an opportunity measure and it was not a mediation between low self-control and delinquency. Moreover, while parental intervention significantly decreased delinquency by female adolescents, parental intervention significantly increased delinquency by male adolescents. In addition, the mediation effect in structural equation modeling for males occurred; in contrast, the effect in the female model did not happen. On the other hand, low self-control was still the crucial predictor to adolescents’ delinquency across gender. Thus, future studies will need to account for the etiology of NA adolescents’ delinquency across gender using different approaches.

Effect of Mother’s Employment on Aggression of Board Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Prachi Bhatt Deolal ◽  
Madhu Lata Nayal
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Employed Mothers ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Aggression Level

The present study aimed to find out the difference in the aggression level of Board Students of employed and non-employed mothers. Total sample of 200 students was taken from five CBSE affiliated schools of Pithoragarh district (Uttarakhand). Personal data schedule along with the Aggression Scale was used to calculate the result. Aggression Scale used in the study was developed by Pal and Naqvi (2000) which comprised of 60 questions. Stratified Random Sampling was used to select the data and t-test was applied to calculate the level of significance. While compiling the results, significant difference was found between the male and female adolescents of 10th standard of employed mothers and even between the male and female adolescents of 12th standard of employed mothers. Male and female adolescents of 12th standard of non-employed mother have also shown significant difference on the level of aggression. In all the three cases Male adolescents have shown greater aggression than female adolescents.

scholarly journals Circulating MicroRNAs in Extracellular Vesicles as Potential Biomarkers of Alcohol-Induced Neuroinflammation in Adolescence: Gender Differences

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6730
Author(s):  
Francesc Ibáñez ◽  
Juan R. Ureña-Peralta ◽  
Pilar Costa-Alba ◽  
Jorge-Luis Torres ◽  
Francisco-Javier Laso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Alcohol Intoxication ◽  
Peripheral Circulation ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
First Time

Current studies evidence the role of miRNAs in extracellular vesicles (EVs) as key regulators of pathological processes, including neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. As EVs can cross the blood–brain barrier, and EV miRNAs are very stable in peripheral circulation, we evaluated the potential gender differences in inflammatory-regulated miRNAs levels in human and murine plasma EVs derived from alcohol-intoxicated female and male adolescents, and whether these miRNAs could be used as biomarkers of neuroinflammation. We demonstrated that while alcohol intoxication lowers anti-inflammatory miRNA (mir-146a-5p, mir-21-5p, mir-182-5p) levels in plasma EVs from human and mice female adolescents, these EV miRNAs increased in males. In mice brain cortices, ethanol treatment lowers mir-146a-5p and mir-21-5p levels, while triggering a higher expression of inflammatory target genes (Traf6, Stat3, and Camk2a) in adolescent female mice. These results indicate, for the first time, that female and male adolescents differ as regards the ethanol effects associated with the inflammatory-related plasma miRNAs EVs profile, and suggest that female adolescents are more vulnerable than males to the inflammatory effects of binge alcohol drinking. These findings also support the view that circulating miRNAs in EVs could be useful biomarkers for screening ethanol-induced neuroinflammation and brain damage in adolescence.

Self-image of anorexic and bulimic female adolescents

2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (6) ◽  
pp. 447-450 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritva K. Erkolahti ◽  
Simo Saarijärvi ◽  
Tuula Ilonen ◽  
Harriet Hagman
Keyword(s):  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Self Image
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