Risperidone and olanzapine in treatment of delusional disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1301-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Zivkovic ◽  
B. Bajovic ◽  
G. Djokic ◽  
D. Pavicevic ◽  
M. Nenadovic
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Delusional System ◽  
Scale Control

Delusional disorders are severe psychotic disorders with characteristic non-bizarre delusions often organized in permanent delusional system.AimTo estimate efficacy of risperidone and olanzapine in treatment of DD.Methods135 patients with DD were divided into Haloperidol-control (41), Risperidone (49) and Olanzapine group (45 patients). Patients were observed for 6 months according to protocol, which included PANSS Scale and CGI1-4 Scale. Control group was treated with haloperidol 5–30 mg/24 h. Experimental groups were treated with risperidone 2–6 mg/24 h and olanzapine 10–20 mg/24 h.ResultsPretrial PANSS score was 57.28 in risperidone(R), 60.47 in olanzapine(O) and 58.45 in control(H) group. PANSS score after 180 days was 34.32 in R, 35.58 in O and 37.97 in H group. There was no statistical difference in pretrial scores for PANSS (p = 0.691), CGI1 (p = 0.733), CGI2 (p = 1.000), and CGI3 (p = 1.000) scores. There was statistical significance in PANSS and CGI1-4 score reduction after 180 days in all groups (p = 0.000). There was no statistical difference in PANSS score reduction between R and H (p = 0.114) and O and H group (p = 0.136). CGI1-4 scores reduction: CGI1, Rvs.H, p = 0.019 and Ovs.H, p = 0.032 with high statistical significance; CGI2, Rvs.H, p = 0.153 and Ovs.H, p = 0.179 with no statistical significance; CGI3, Rvs.H, p = 0.183 and Ovs.H, p = 0.161 with no statistical significance; CGI4, Rvs.H, p = 0.000 and Ovs.H, p = 0.000 with high statistical significance. Adverse effects were significantly lower in Risperidone (21.42%) and Olanzapine (21.81%) than in Haloperidol (57.5%) group.ConclusionRisperidone and Olanzapine have slightly better efficacy in treatment of DD comparing to haloperidol, with statisticaly significant lower adverse effects rate.

Escitalopram in Treatment of Sleep Disturbances in Major Depressive Disorder

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
N. Zivkovic ◽  
G. Djokic ◽  
D. Pavicevic ◽  
V. Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Experimental Group

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common and severe affective disorder with sleep disturbances and non-bizarre delusions which are organized in permanent and unshakeable delusional system. Neurobiological basis of MDD is still completely unknown, but significant role has serotoninergic and noradrenergic neuronal systems. Escitalopram is highly potent and highly selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor.Purpose of this study was to estimate efficacy of the escitalopram in treatment of sleep disturbances in MDD.Methods:This prospective clinical study included 95 patients diagnosed by ICD-10 criteria for MDD, who are randomly divided into control (30 patients) and experimental group (65 patients). Patients were observed for 6 months in hospital and outpatients conditions, according to specially designed protocol, which included Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) and Leeds Sleeping Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ). Control group was treated with maprotiline (75-150 mg/24h) and experimental group with escitalopram (10-20 mg/24h).Results:Escitalopram therapy influenced on HAMD score with high statistical significance vs. maprotiline, p=0.000. Escitalopram therapy improves LSEQ score after 6 months in comparison to maprotiline therapy with high statistical significance p=0.000. Percentage of adverse effects is significantly lower in escitalopram (10.76%) than in maprotiline (26.67%) group.Conclusion:Escitalopram has significantly better efficacy and lower adverse effects rate in treatment of depressive symptoms and sleep disturbances in MDD patients comparing to maprotiline.

scholarly journals Clinical Features of First-episode Psychoses During the COVID-19 Pandemic

10.17816/cp85 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Vladimir A. Zyablov ◽  
Mikhail A. Gusev ◽  
Vasilyi S. Chizhikov
Keyword(s):  
Psychotic Disorders ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Health Clinic ◽  
First Episode ◽  
Psychotic Episode ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
And Control

INTRODUCTION: The pandemic of the new coronavirus infection has become one of the most significant global social shocks in the past decade. It influenced the lifestyle of many people, including those with mental disorders. AIM: To compare the psychopathological structure of psychotic states in young patients (up to 40 years old) with first-episode psychosis before the COVID-19 pandemic and during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: The research was conducted at the First psychotic episode clinic of the Mental-health clinic No. 1 n.a. N.A. Alexeev, Moscow, Russia. In total, 66 patients were enrolled, who met the inclusion criteria: first-in-life admission to a mental healthcare unit that occurred during the spring of 2019 (control group) or spring 2020 (experimental group), diagnosis on admission that belonged to the group Acute and transient psychotic disorders (F23.XX) of ICD-10. Patients with a disability or concurrent somatic or neurologic conditions were excluded from the study. Assessment of clinical and psychopathological characteristics with the allocation of the leading syndrome within the psychotic state, psychometric assessment according to the PANSS scale was carried out, the above indicators were compared between the experimental and control group. RESULTS: We observed statistically insignificant increase in the rates of affective and catatonic subtypes of psychoses, a decrease in the rate of the delusional subtype of paranoid syndrome. PANSS scores differed significantly for different clinical subtypes of psychoses, although the differences between the experimental and control groups showed no statistical significance. Additionally, in spring 2020, a considerable decrease in the total number of hospitalizations was revealed. CONCLUSIONS: The differences in the clinical and psychopathological structure of psychotic states revealed during the COVID-19 pandemic were statistically insignificant. Additional results of the study may indicate a decrease in the availability of mental healthcare for patients with psychoses, which requires further investigation.

scholarly journals Development of polytoxicomania in function of defense from psychoticism

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 76-80
Author(s):  
Milutin Nenadovic ◽  
Rosa Sapic
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Group Testing ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Psychoactive Substances ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Measures Of Dispersion ◽  
And Gender

Introduction. Polytoxicomanic proportions in subpopulations of youth have been growing steadily in recent decades, and this trend is pan-continental. Psychoticism is a psychological construct that assumes special basic dimensions of personality disintegration and cognitive functions. Psychoticism may, in general, be the basis of pathological functioning of youth and influence the patterns of thought, feelings and actions that cause dysfunction. Objective. The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of basic dimensions of psychoticism for commitment of youth to abuse psychoactive substances (PAS) in order to reduce disturbing intrapsychic experiences or manifestation of psychotic symptoms. Methods. For the purpose of this study, two groups of respondents were formed, balanced by age, gender and family structure of origin (at least one parent alive). The study applied a DELTA-9 instrument for assessment of cognitive disintegration in function of establishing psychoticism and its operationalization. The obtained results were statistically analyzed. From the parameters of descriptive statistics, the arithmetic mean was calculated with measures of dispersion. A cross-tabular analysis of variables tested was performed, as well as statistical significance with Pearson?s ?2-test, and analysis of variance. Results. Age structure and gender are approximately represented in the group of polytoximaniacs and the control group. Testing did not confirm the statistically significant difference (p>0.5). Statistical methodology established that they significantly differed in most variables of psychoticism, polytoxicomaniacs compared with a control group of respondents. Testing confirmed a high statistical significance of differences of variables of psychoticism in the group of respondents for p<0.001 to p<0.01. Conclusion. A statistically significant representation of the dimension of psychoticism in the polytoxicomaniac group was established. The presence of factors concerning common executive dysfunction was emphasized.

Aripiprazole in treatment of disability in social, professional and family life in schizophrenia patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S391-S391
Author(s):  
N. Zivkovic ◽  
G. Djokic ◽  
D. Curcic
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Significant Statistical Difference ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Overall Functioning

IntroductionEnhancement of overall functioning is one of most important goals in treatment of schizophrenia (SCH) patients.ObjectiveTo assess efficacy of aripiprazole in treatment of disability and impairment in social, professional and family life in SCH patients.MethodsThis study included 50 patients with SCH diagnosed by ICD-10 criteria, divided into H (Haloperidol, 5–20 mg/24 h) group (25 patients), and A (Aripiprazole, 10–30 mg/24 h) group (25 patients). Antipsychotics were tested for 12 months with Positive and Negative Symptom Schedule Scale (PANSS), Sheehan Disability Scale (SDS) and the number of withdrawals attributed to adverse event (AE).ResultsThe mean pretrial PANSS score was 103.6 in A and 105.3 in H group. The mean PANSS score after 12 months was 53.5 in A and 54.4 in H group. There were no significant statistical difference in PANSS pretrial scores and scores after 12 months between groups, P = 0.619; P = 0.364. There were significant statistical difference in PANSS score reduction after 12 months in both groups (P < 0.001). Aripiprazole improved all SDS scores in comparison to Haloperidol with high statistical significance. Work: A vs. H, P < 0.001; social life: A vs. H, P < 0.001; family life: A vs. H, P < 0.001; days lost: A vs. H, P = 0.012; days unproductive: A vs. H, P = 0.007; 8.0% AEs occurred in A, and 36.0% in H group.ConclusionsAripiprazole showed same efficacy as haloperidol in treatment of SCH. Aripiprazole showed significantly better efficacy in treatment of disability and impairment. Number of withdrawals was significantly higher in haloperidol group.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Addendum to Iwai and Hoberman (2014)—Reassessment of Developmental Toxicity of PFHxA in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Iwai ◽  
Alan M. Hoberman ◽  
Philip E. Goodrum ◽  
Emma Mendelsohn ◽  
Janet K. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Developmental Toxicity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Analysis And Evaluation ◽  
Developmental Effects ◽  
Group Information ◽  
Low Incidence

This article presents a supplemental data analysis and evaluation of the findings from an oral (gavage) combined developmental and perinatal/postnatal reproduction toxicity study of the ammonium salt of perfluorohexanoic acid (CASRN: 21615-47-4) in Crl: CD-1(ICR) mice. The original study has been cited as supporting a lowest-observed-adverse-effects level of 175 mg/kg/d and no-observed-adverse-effects level of 35 mg/kg/d for developmental effects from perfluorohexanoic acid (PFHxA, CASRN: 307-24-4) in mice. The statistical analysis reported in 2014 was accurate in terms of quantifying statistical significance within phase 2 of the study. However, given the low incidence of findings, the purpose of this article is to extend the analysis and interpretation of findings by pooling the control group information from both phases of the same study, comparing the study findings to the incidence rates for stillbirths and postpartum viability for this species and strain of mouse observed for similar studies conducted by the same laboratory, and evaluating data on the incidence and range of spontaneous eye abnormalities reported in the literature. Based on this supplemental evaluation, the original study supports a NOAEL of 175 mg/kg/d for PFHxA in mice, which is a factor of 5-fold higher than previously reported. Furthermore, to the extent that this study may be considered in the selection of a point of departure for PFHxA in mice, it is noted that 175 mg/kg/d for maternal exposure is an unbounded NOAEL for developmental effects, meaning that the study did not establish a dose at which developmental effects may occur.

The efficacy of radiotherapy for craniopharyngioma

1985 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinya Manaka ◽  
Akira Teramoto ◽  
Kintomo Takakura
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Survival Times ◽  
Tumor Removal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
High Statistical Significance ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Total Tumor Removal ◽  
And Control

✓ A series of 125 patients who underwent surgery for craniopharyngiomas was evaluated to assess the efficacy of radiation therapy: 45 patients had received radiotherapy and 80 had not. These patients included all operative survivors (excluding cases with total tumor removal) treated during the 30 years from 1950 to 1979. Median survival time of the irradiated group was greater than 10 years, whereas it was 3.12 years for the nonirradiated (or control) group. The 5- and 10-year survival rates were 88.9% and 76.0% for the irradiated group, and 34.9% and 27.1% for the control group, respectively. Overall comparison, using the Lee-Desu statistical method, revealed that there was a very high statistical significance (at the level of p < 0.0001) in the difference between the survival times of the irradiated and control groups. The influence of the following factors on the effectiveness of radiotherapy was analyzed: age of the patient at the first operation, sex, date of surgery, the extent of tumor removal, the size of the tumor, the composition of the tumor (cystic or solid), whether the tumor was calcified or not, the histological subtype of the tumor, the presence of intracranial hypertension, the grade of visual failure, and the presence or absence of diabetes insipidus, altered mentation, and adiposogenital syndrome. The results indicated that, when total removal of the tumor is impossible, radiotherapy should be administered.

Correlation of Metabolic Risk Factors with Sessile Serrated Lesions

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-179
Author(s):  
Melania Macarie ◽  
Simona Bataga ◽  
Simona Mocan ◽  
Monica Pantea ◽  
Razvan Opaschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Interval Cancer ◽  
Metabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Metabolic Risk ◽  
Right Colon ◽  
Serrated Lesions ◽  
The Right

Background and Aims: The importance of sessile serrated lesions (SSLs) in the pathogenesis of colorectal carcinoma has been recently established. These are supposed to cause the so-called “interval cancer”, having a rapidly progressive growth and being difficult to detect and to obtain an endoscopic complete resection. We aimed to establish the most important metabolic risk factors for sessile serrated lesions. Methods: We performed a retrospective case-control study, on a series of 2918 consecutive patients who underwent colonoscopy in Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, County Clinical Emergency Hospital, Târgu-Mureș, Romania between 1 st of January 2015-31 th of December 2017. In order to evaluate the metabolic risk factors for polyps’ development, enrolled participants were stratified in two groups, a study group, 33 patients with SSLs lesions, and a control group, 138 patients with adenomatous polyps, selected by systematic sampling for age and anatomical site. Independent variables investigated were: gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hyperuricemia, nonalcoholic liver disease. Results: For SSLs the most common encountered localization was the right colon in 30.55% of cases. By comparative bivariate analysis between SSLs group and control group, it was observed that hypertension (p=0.03, OR 2.33, 95 %CI 1.03-5.24), obesity (p=0.03, OR 2.61, 95 %CI 1.08-6.30), hyperuricemia (p=0.04, OR 2.72, 95 %CI 1.28-7.55), high cholesterol (p=0.002, OR 3.42; 95 %CI 1.48-7.87), and high triglycerides level (p=0.0006, OR 5.75; 95 %CI 1.92-17.2) were statistically associated with SSLs development. By multivariate analysis hypertension and hypertriglyceridemia retained statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study showed that the highest prevalence of SSLs was in the right colon and hypertension and increased triglycerides levels were associated with the risk of SSLs development. These risk factors are easy to detect in clinical practice and may help identifying groups with high risk for colorectal cancer, where screening is recommended.

Determination some Immunological Aspects in Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in Qadisiyah Province

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syoof Khowman Alramahy ◽  
Akram Hadi Hamza
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Igg Level

This study was carried out to study of some immunological aspects among the pulmonary Tuberculosis patients infected with causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Total of 200 sputum samples were collected from patients attending the consultant Clinic for Chest and Respiratory disease center, Diwaniya. Control group (No=15) also included. According to acid fast stain of sputum, the patients were classified as positive (No=91,45.5%) and negative (No=109,54.5, Lowenstein Jensen medium used for the cultivation of samples, on which 70% of sputum samples where positive culture for this microorganism. The grown microorganism were identified as M. tuberculosis, based on positive A.F.B, Niacin producers ,negative for catlase at 68c. The mean IgG level was l184.053±76.684 mg/100 ml in tuberculosis group compared with 1016.533 ± 44.882 mg/100ml in control group, rendering the statistical difference significant. For IgA and IgM levels, they were at mean of 315.880±38.552 mg/100 ml and 119.527±8.464 mg/100 ml in control group compared with 396.358±38.776 mg/100 ml and 134.207±11.696 mg/100 ml in patients group respectively with significant difference

Сочетанные генотипы генов, кодирующих белки холецистокининергической системы и ферменты фолатного цикла в значительной степени связаны с мигренью

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.E. Azimova ◽  
E.A. Klimov ◽  
E.A. Naumova ◽  
Z.G. Kokaeva ◽  
A.I. Zaitseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Control ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Episodic Migraine ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maoa Gene ◽  
Specific Pcr ◽  
Genotype Frequencies ◽  
Biochemical Systems ◽  
Combined Genotypes

Перспективным в изучении биомаркеров мигрени может быть многолокусный анализ, в частности, анализ частот сочетанных генотипов. Цель исследования - поиск составных генетических биомаркеров индивидуальной предрасположенности к мигрени, полученных на основе полиморфизмов генов, уже показавших статистическую значимость при однолокусном ассоциативном анализе. Методика. Обследовано 155 пациентов с мигренью (104 пациента с эпизодической мигренью, 51 - с хронической мигренью), наблюдавшихся в Университетской клинике головной боли (Москва). Все пациенты - представители белой расы, жители Московского региона. Возраст пациентов - 30-50 лет. Контроль составили 365 необследованных лиц (популяционный контроль). Выявление исследуемых 22 генов (всего 31 SNP) осуществляли методом ПЦР, ПЦР-ПДРФ, аллель-специфичной ПЦР и ПЦР в реальном времени. Выявление ассоциированных с мигренью сочетанных генотипов проводили с использованием программы анализа полигенных данных APSampler v3.6. Результаты. Выявлено 8 сочетанных генотипов с высокой статистически значимой ассоциацией с мигренью (ОШ>20,0). В состав сочетанных генотипов вошли гены: CCKAR, CCKBR, COMT, MTHFR, MTR, MTRR. Так же выявлено 4 защитных сочетанных генотипа (ОШ<0,02), основным в которых является ген MAOA. Заключение. Полученные данные об ассоциированных с мигренью сочетанных генотипах указывают на значимую роль в патогенезе заболевания 2 биохимических систем: 1) холецистокининергической системы, регулирующей выброс и обратный захват дофамина, и 2) фолатного цикла, в ходе работы которого гомоцистеин метаболизируется в метионин. Результаты, полученные в данном исследовании, позволяют говорить о защитной роли аллеля VNT:R4 гена MAOA.Multilocus analysis, specifically, analysis of combined genotype frequencies may be promising in studying migraine biomarkers. The aim of the study was to search for composite genetic biomarkers, which would predict individual predisposition to migraine, obtained on the basis of gene polymorphisms that have already shown a statistical significance in a single-locus associative analysis. Methods. 155 patients with migraine aging 41.7 ± 12.5 who had been followed up at the University Clinic of Headache, Moscow, were evaluated (104 patients with episodic migraine and 51 with chronic migraine). All patients were white and residents of the Moscow region. The control group included 365 unexamined individuals (population control). Identification of The 22 genes under study (total, 31 SNPs) were identified by PCR, PCR-RFLP, allele-specific PCR, and real-time PCR. Combined genotypes associated with migraine were identified using the APSampler v3.6 software for polygenic data analysis. Results. Eight combined genotypes were identified with a highly significant association with migraine (OR> 20.0). The combined genotypes included the CCKAR, CCKBR, COMT, MTHFR, MTR, and MTRR genes. Four protective combined genotypes were also identified (OS <0.02) with the MAOA gene as the major one. Conclusion. Our data on migraine-associated combined genotypes indicate a significant role in the migraine pathogenesis of two biochemical systems, i) the cholecystokininergic system that regulates the release and reuptake of dopamine, and ii) the folate cycle, where homocysteine is metabolized to methionine. The results obtained in this study suggest a protective role of the VNT: R4 allele of the MAOA gene.

Risk of Depression in Adolescents and Young Adults with Rheumatic Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Anna Kostiukow ◽  
Wojciech Strzelecki ◽  
Mateusz W. Romanowski ◽  
Marta Rosołek ◽  
Ewa Mojs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Young People ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Control Group

Introduction: The study is aimed at drawing the attention of the medical environment to the mental health aspects of young patients as a factor that significantly influences the efficiency of their rheumatic disease treatment. Aim: This paper is to check the risk of depression among a group of adolescents and young adults with rheumatic diseases. Material and Methods: The study was conducted among a group of 68 late adolescents and young adults (18-22 years old) with rheumatic diseases. The control group consisted of 102 young people (18-22 years old) without a diagnosed chronic disease. Risk of depression was measured using a screening tool – the Kutcher Adolescent Depression Scale (KADS). Results: The analysis showed that the probability of depression in the study group was 35.3%. In the control group, this rate was 19.6%. The results were statistical significance (p=0.028). Conclusions: The results of this study prove that the risk of depression among adolescents and young adults with rheumatic diseases is significantly higher than in healthy young people. The highest risk of depression is related to feeling tired, fatigue, low energy levels and lack of motivation as well as feeling worried, nervous, panicky, tense, keyed-up and anxious.

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