The study of suicidal behavior at patients with anhedonia in schizophrenia

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1464-1464
Author(s):  
N. Orlova ◽  
M. Shkliar ◽  
E. Khaustova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Illness Duration ◽  
The Past ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
Suicidal Ideas ◽  
Suicide Plan

IntroductionThe suicidal behavior at patients with anhedonia in schizophrenia is one of the burn problems in modern psychiatry.ObjectivesAnhedonia belongs to negative symptoms in schizophrenia. The suicidal activity at patients with it consists from 7% tо 43%. At those patients fixed the suicidal ideas - 40%, suicidal attempts - 23% and complete suicide - 6,4%.AimsStudy the methods of suicidal behavior at those patients.MethodsThe Columbia Suicide severity research scale (C-SSRS).Results157 patients with anhedonia. Selected 49 (31, 21%) patients with suicidal behavior on admission or in the past. 23 women and 26 men with a mean age of 34, 37(±1, 92) and mean illness duration of 7, 72(±1, 42). The anhedonia level was 21, 26(±1, 26). 73,48% were the patients with Schizophrenia among them 44,91% with “postpsychotic depression” (295.60), 28, 57% with paranoid schizophrenia (295.30) and 26,52% - patients with affective disorders (296.3×). All patients wished to die. 79,59% (n = 39) had a suicidal attempts and 20,41% (n = 10) had a suicidal ideas. Active suicidal ideas without the suicide plan had 79, 59% patients. The methods of suicidal attempts were poisoning (38, 52%), cutting (25, 64%), hanging (12, 8%), falls (20, 48%), drowning (2, 56%).ConclusionsAnhedonia in schizophrenia is a risk factor of suicidal behavior. The suicidal behavior declared itself with suicidal attempts much more than suicidal ideas. Suicidal attempts were impulsive and dangerous with risk for life. It point to seriousness and danger results of suicidal behavior.

Suicide attempt in alcohol use disorder and Wernicke encephalopathy: A case report

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S599-S599
Author(s):  
L. Espinosa ◽  
A. Fortea ◽  
G. Oriolo ◽  
M. Balcells ◽  
C. Oliveras
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Alcohol Use Disorder ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Wernicke Encephalopathy ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Concomitant Condition ◽  
Image Volume

BackgroundThe relation between alcohol dependence and suicidal behavior is well known and alcohol consumption is a risk factor to take in consideration in order to prevent suicidal attempts. Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) is a common acute neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency frequently associated with alcohol use disorder and often infra-diagnosed. Just few cases are reported about the possible correlation between suicidal behaviour and Wernicke encephalopathy.ObjectiveTo describe the possible association between suicidal attempts and Wernicke encephalopathy.MethodsWe report the case of a 57 year old man, with past diagnosis of disthymia and amphetamine abuse disorder, and a history of bariatric surgery, who was hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU) of hospital clinic for a suicidal attempt by mean of metro railway precipitation. He presented two episodes of psychomotor agitation in the context of an abstinence syndrome that reverted with midazolam continuous perfusion and clonazepam 8 mg per day. Consequently to medical improvement, he was moved to Psychiatry Unit of Addictive Behavior and finally diagnosed with alcohol use disorder.ResultsIn the physical exam, bilateral nystagmus and cerebellar ataxia were observed. Signs of malnutrition were detected in the blood analysis. In a brain magnetic resonance image, volume deficits in the mammillary bodies, thalamus, cortex and corpus callosum, as well as peri-aqueductal altered signal were observed, all signs compatible with Wernicke encephalopathy diagnoses.ConclusionsWernicke encephalopathy is a frequent concomitant condition in patients with alcohol use disorder. The consequent cognitive decline could represent an independent added risk factor for suicidal behavior.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Psychopharmacotherapy of Suicidal Behavior in Schizophrenia and Schizophrenic Spectrum Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
L. A. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Combined Therapy ◽  
Paranoid Schizophrenia ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Days Of Therapy ◽  
Suicidal Attempts ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Schizotypal Disorder

Background. Suicidal behavior in schizophrenia correlates with the severity of productive and negative personality symptoms.Aims. Study of the clinic, the effectiveness of psychopharmacotherapy of paranoid schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder with the presence of suicidal behavior.Material and methods. Patients with paranoid schizophrenia, episodic type of course (n = 19) and schizotypal disorder (n = 15) were studied, in the clinical picture of which various variants of suicidal behavior were revealed. Clinicalpsychopathological, clinical-anamnestic, and psychometric methods were used.Results. Suicidal behavior in patients with an actual attack of paranoid schizophrenia was represented by suicidal intentions to avoid persecution (42.1 %), exposure to “voices” with an order to end their lives (36.8 %), and suicidal attempts (21.1 %). In patients with schizotypal disorder, suicidal thoughts were detected (84.6 %) in the form of loss of meaning in life, and suicidal attempts (15.4 %). Psychopharmacotherapy of suicidal behavior in schizophrenia and schizotypal disorder included the use of antipsychotics (atypical and traditional), antidepressants, tranquilizers, and normotimics. Among patients with paranoid schizophrenia, a decrease in the overall score of the PANSS scale was detected by day 14 of therapy (p < 0.05). The effectiveness of therapy was due to the reduction of delirium, verbal hallucinosis, and deactualization of suicidal behavior. Among patients with schizotypal disorder, a statistically significant decrease in the overall score of the PANSS scale was observed by 21 days of therapy (p < 0.05). The favorable dynamics was characterized by a decrease in manifestations of depression, suicidal thoughts, loss of interests.Conclusion. Combined therapy (antipsychotic, antidepressant, normotimic) helps reduce mental disorders and suicidal tendencies in patients with schizophrenia and schizophrenic spectrum disorders.

Suicidal Behavior in Black South Africans

Crisis ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lourens Schlebusch ◽  
Naseema B.M. Vawda ◽  
Brenda A. Bosch
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
South African Society ◽  
South Africans ◽  
The Past ◽  
The People ◽  
Care Facilities ◽  
Black South Africans ◽  
To Come

Summary: In the past suicidal behavior among Black South Africans has been largely underresearched. Earlier studies among the other main ethnic groups in the country showed suicidal behavior in those groups to be a serious problem. This article briefly reviews some of the more recent research on suicidal behavior in Black South Africans. The results indicate an apparent increase in suicidal behavior in this group. Several explanations are offered for the change in suicidal behavior in the reported clinical populations. This includes past difficulties for all South Africans to access health care facilities in the Apartheid (legal racial separation) era, and present difficulties of post-Apartheid transformation the South African society is undergoing, as the people struggle to come to terms with the deleterious effects of the former South African racial policies, related socio-cultural, socio-economic, and other pressures.

Suicidal Behavior in Patients with Adjustment Disorders

Crisis ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmila Kryzhanovskaya ◽  
Randolph Canterbury
Keyword(s):  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Adjustment Disorders ◽  
Involuntary Hospitalization ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
The Past ◽  
Substance Abuse Disorders ◽  
Axis I

Summary: This retrospective study characterizes the suicidal behavior in 119 patients with Axis I adjustment disorders as assessed by psychiatrists at the University of Virginia Hospital. Results indicated that 72 patients (60.5%) had documented suicide attempts in the past, 96% had been suicidal during their admission to the hospital, and 50% had attempted suicide before their hospitalization. The most commonly used method of suicide attempts was overdosing. Of the sample group with suicide attempts in the past, 67% had Axis II diagnoses of borderline personality disorder and antisocial personality disorder. Adjustment disorder diagnosis in patients with the suicide attempts was associated with a high level of suicidality at admission, involuntary hospitalization and substance-abuse disorders. Axis II diagnoses in patients with adjustment disorders constituted risk factors for further suicidal behavior. Additional future prospective studies with reliability checks on diagnosis of adjustment disorders and suicidal behavior are needed.

Risk Factor Of Substitution ARV First Line People Living With HIV/AIDS In General Hospital Buleleng Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 190-197
Author(s):  
Luh Putu Desy Puspaningrat ◽  
Gusti Putu Candra ◽  
Putu Dian Prima Kusuma Dewi ◽  
I Made Sundayana ◽  
Indrie Lutfiana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
District General Hospital ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
First Line ◽  
The Past ◽  
Factor Substitution ◽  
Living With Hiv

Substitution is still a threat to the failure of ARV therapy so that no matter how small it must be noted and monitored in ARV therapy. The aims  was analysis risk factor substitution ARV first line in therapy ARV. This study was an analytic longitudinal study with retrospective secondary data analysis in a cohort of patients receiving ARV therapy at the District General Hospital of Buleleng District for the period of 2006-2015 and secondary data from medical records of PLHA patients receiving ART.  Result in this study that the percentage of first-line ARV substitution events is 9.88% (119/1204) who received ARV therapy for the past 11 years. Risk factors that increase the risk of substitution in ARV therapy patients are zidovudine (aOR 4.29 CI 1.31 -2.65 p 0.01), nevirapine (aOR1.86 CI 2.15 - 8.59 p 0.01) and functional working status (aOR 1.46 CI 1.13 - 1.98 p 0.01). 

scholarly journals What Has Clinical Research in Suicide Prevention Done for You Lately?

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 440-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Fawcett
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Panic Attacks ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Suicide Risk Assessment ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Past ◽  
Standard Risk ◽  
Suicide Plan

What have you heard or read over the past 10 years that has improved you ability to assess and manage suicide risk in your patients?There has been a paucity of data. What little data there is reviewed in this month's articles.They highlight findings that you should know about. Clinicians seem to cling to the familiar, unless some intense marketing is done.For instance, are you aware that the current evidence shows that a denial of suicide thoughts, plans, or intent—even a contract for safety—means absolutely nothing in the absence of a full suicide risk assessment?Yet clinicians seem to rely on these ’reassurances“ from their patients and are shocked when the patient later commits suicide. Why should a patient who is deciding that life is too painful to live tell you the truth? Robert I. Simon, MD, and Daniel W. Shuman, JD, review these facts.Are you aware that severe psychic anxiety, panic attacks, agitation, and severe insomnia often precede suicide within hours, days, or weeks and can be rapidly modified with treatment?On the other hand, standard risk factors for suicide such as suicidal ideation, hopelessness, and past suicidal attempts are not good predictors of suicide in the short term. A suicide plan, recent high intent attempt, or refusal to contract for safety may well indicate immediate risk, but a denial of suicidal ideation or intent and a contract for no harm mean absolutely nothing without a full suicide assessment that takes current clinical status, past suicidal tendencies, social support, and willingness to accept help into account.

scholarly journals Can Anhedonia Be Considered a Suicide Risk Factor? A Review of the Literature

Medicina ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (8) ◽  
pp. 458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonanni ◽  
Gualtieri ◽  
Lester ◽  
Falcone ◽  
Nardella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Negative Association ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum

Background and Objectives: At present, data collected from the literature about suicide and anhedonia are controversial. Some studies have shown that low levels of anhedonia are associated with serious suicide attempts and death by suicide, while other studies have shown that high levels of anhedonia are associated with suicide. Materials and Methods: For this review, we searched PubMed, Medline, and ScienceDirect for clinical studies published from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 2018 with the following search terms used in the title or in the abstract: “anhedonia AND suicid*.” We obtained a total of 155 articles; 133 items were excluded using specific exclusion criteria, the remaining 22 articles included were divided into six groups based on the psychiatric diagnosis: mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), other diagnoses, attempted suicides, and others (healthy subjects). Results: The results of this review reveal inconsistencies. Some studies reported that high anhedonia scores were associated with suicidal behavior (regardless of the diagnosis), while other studies found that low anhedonia scores were associated with suicidal behavior, and a few studies reported no association. The most consistent association between anhedonia and suicidal behavior was found for affective disorders (7 of 7 studies reported a significant positive association) and for PTSD (3 of 3 studies reported a positive association). In the two studies of patients with schizophrenia, one found no association, and one found a negative association. For patients who attempted suicide (undiagnosed), one study found a positive association, one a positive association only for depressed attempters, and one a negative association. Conclusions: We found the most consistent positive association for patients with affective disorders and PTSD, indicating that the assessment of anhedonia may be useful in the evaluation of suicidal risk.

A High Prevalence of Affective Disorder Discovered in a ‘Schizophrenia Clinic’

1977 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morton S. Rapp ◽  
Peggy Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Affective Disorder ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Lithium Carbonate ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Clinical Notes ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Incorrect Diagnosis

Fifty outpatients in a ‘schizophrenia clinic’ were examined, and sixteen were found to be suffering from periodic affective disorders. Nine of these were given lithium carbonate, and eight responded well. Case histories illustrate three separate reasons for incorrect diagnosis. Examination of extensive old clinical notes of five of these patients suggests that the problems of diagnosis which have been described in the literature in the past, continue to represent obstacles to correct diagnosis. Suggestions for improvement are offered.

scholarly journals COVID-19-related psychological distress and engagement in preventative behaviors among individuals with severe mental illnesses

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy E. Pinkham ◽  
Robert A. Ackerman ◽  
Colin A. Depp ◽  
Philip D. Harvey ◽  
Raeanne C. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Diagnostic Category ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
The Past ◽  
Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽  
Phone Survey ◽  
Multiple Behaviors ◽  
And Coping

AbstractIndividuals with severe mental illnesses (SMIs) may be disproportionately vulnerable to COVID-19 infection and psychological distress. This study investigated the prevalence of engagement in COVID-19 preventative behaviors, predictors of these behaviors, and COVID-19-related psychological distress. One hundred and sixty-three individuals with SMIs (94 with schizophrenia spectrum illnesses and 69 with affective disorders) and 27 psychiatrically healthy comparison participants were recruited from ongoing studies across 3 sites, to complete a phone survey querying implementation of 8 specific COVID-19 preventative behaviors that participants engaged in at least once in the past month as well as standard assessments of depression, anxiety, perceived stress, loneliness, and coping. Data were collected between 3 April 2020 and 4 June 2020. The large majority of our SMI sample, which consisted of outpatients with relatively mild symptom severity, endorsed engaging in multiple preventative behaviors. Relatively few differences were found between groups; however, individuals with SMI were less likely to work remotely than healthy individuals and individuals with schizophrenia spectrum illness were less likely to stay home as a preventative measure, wear face masks, and work remotely than individuals with affective disorders. Differences in staying home remained after controlling for potential confounds. Although individuals with SMI reported more psychological distress related to COVID-19, this distress was largely unrelated to engagement in preventative behaviors. The large majority of individuals with SMI in this outpatient sample, regardless of broad diagnostic category, reported performing multiple behaviors intended to prevent COVID-19 infection at least once a month and reported distress associated with the pandemic. These findings suggest a good level of awareness of COVID-19 among stable outpatients with SMI. The degree to which more acutely ill persons with SMI engage in such preventative behaviors, however, remains to be examined.

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