The Compositional Nature of Tense, Mood and Aspect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk J. Verkuyl
Keyword(s):  
Phrase Structure ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Complex Interaction ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Compositional Structure ◽  
Number Systems ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Advanced Students ◽  
Adverbial Modifiers

Bringing together fifty years' worth of cross-linguistic research, this pioneering monograph explores the complex interaction between tense, mood and aspect. It looks at the long way of combining elementary semantic units at the bottom of phrase structure up to and including the top of a sentence. Rejecting ternary tense as blocking compositionality, it introduces three levels obtained by binary tense oppositions.  It also counters an outdated view on motion by assuming that change is not expressed as having an inherent goal but rather as dynamic interaction between different number systems that allows us to package information into countable and continuous units. It formally identifies the central role of a verb in a variety of argument structures and integrates adverbial modifiers into the compositional structure at different tense levels of phrase structure. This unique contribution to the field will be essential reading for advanced students and researchers in the syntax-semantics interface.

The problem of woman’s emansipation in the feuilleton “Amazonia: a very inept story” by Mykola Chirsky

2020 ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Iryna Rusnak
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Understanding ◽  
The Other ◽  
Literary Studies ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Compositional Structure ◽  
Urgent Task ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
Artistic Heritage

The author of the article analyses the problem of the female emancipation in the little-known feuilleton “Amazonia: A Very Inept Story” (1924) by Mykola Chirsky. The author determines the genre affiliation of the work and examines its compositional structure. Three parts are distinguished in the architectonics of associative feuilleton: associative conception; deployment of a “small” topic; conclusion. The author of the article clarifies the role of intertextual elements and the method of constantly switching the tone from serious to comic to reveal the thematic direction of the work. Mykola Chirsky’s interest in the problem of female emancipation is corresponded to the general mood of the era. The subject of ridicule in provocative feuilleton is the woman’s radical metamorphoses, since repulsive manifestations of emancipation becomes commonplace. At the same time, the writer shows respect for the woman, appreciates her femininity, internal and external beauty, personality. He associates the positive in women with the functions of a faithful wife, a caring mother, and a skilled housewife. In feuilleton, the writer does not bypass the problem of the modern man role in a family, but analyses the value and moral and ethical guidelines of his character. The husband’s bad habits receive a caricatured interpretation in the strange behaviour of relatives. On the one hand, the writer does not perceive the extremes brought by female emancipation, and on the other, he mercilessly criticises the male “virtues” of contemporaries far from the standard. The artistic heritage of Mykola Chirsky remains little studied. The urgent task of modern literary studies is the introduction of Mykola Chirsky’s unknown works into the scientific circulation and their thorough scientific understanding.

Therapeutic role of vegetables in Respiratory Diseases – A critical review from Ayurvedic classics.

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Raghavendra Naik ◽  
Shweta Vekariya ◽  
R. N. Acharya ◽  
Sneha D. Borkar
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The Family

The concept of Pathya (wholesome diet) is an unique contribution of Ayurveda, which plays an important role in prevention and management of many diseases. “Shakavarga”, a category under dietetics in classical texts of Ayurveda enlisted different vegetables with their properties and indications in different disease conditions. These vegetables can be prescribed as Pathya (wholesome diet) in clinical practice. In the present review, plants described under Shakavarga, indicated as Pathya in different diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system) were compiled from 15 different Ayurvedic classical texts. Critical analysis of the compiled data reveals that out of 332 vegetables described under Shakavarga, 44 are indicated in respiratory disease like Shvasa (Dyspnoea/Asthma), Kasa (Cough), Peenasa (Chronic rhinitis) and Hikka (Hiccup). Among them, botanical identity of 42 classical plants has been established and maximum number of vegetables belongs to the family cucurbitaceae (10) followed by solanaceae (4). Some of these vegetables have been reported for their various pharmacological activities related to prevention and management of diseases related to Pranavaha Srotas (Respiratory system). These vegetables are reported for their anti-inflammatory (16), antioxidant (14), anti-allergic (6) and antitussive (3) activities. The observed result may be helpful in use of vegetables as Pathya (wholesome diet) and planning further scientific studies about the efficacy of these plants on prevention as well as management of respiratory diseases.

scholarly journals 669 Increased Nightmares During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the Role of Resilience and Emotions

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A261-A262
Author(s):  
Jérémie Potvin ◽  
Laura Ramos Socarras ◽  
Geneviève Forest
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tremendous Impact

Abstract Introduction COVID-19 had a tremendous impact on many aspects of our lives and has caused an increase in stress and mental health issues in many people. We have recently found that there was an increase in nightmares during the pandemic in young adults. Since emotions have been associated with both resilience and nightmares, the objective of this study was to investigate the role of resilience and emotional changes in the increase in nightmares observed during the pandemic, in a group of young adults. Methods Resilience, emotions and nightmares were assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, the Differential Emotions Scale-IV and an adapted version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Measures were administered to 209 young adults (18–25 years old, 76.1% females). Hierarchical multiple regression models were computed to examine the unique contribution of changes in positive and negative emotions during the pandemic to the increase in nightmares during the pandemic. Analyses were controlled for nightmares and emotions prior to COVID-19, and for gender. The sample was separated in two groups: resilient and less resilient young adults. Results Results show that in less resilient young adults, nightmares prior to COVID-19 (β=.79, p<.001) and increase in negative emotions (β=.21, p=.033) significantly predicted nightmares during the pandemic and explained 67.0% of their variance. In resilient young adults, nightmares prior to COVID-19 (β=.56, p<.001) and gender (β=-.15, p=.04) significantly predicted nightmares during the pandemic and explained 52.0% of the variance. Conclusion Our results show that increase in negative emotions during the pandemic is associated with an increase in nightmares in less resilient young adults, but not in resilient young adults. Furthermore, our results show that in resilient young adults, being a woman is associated with an increase in nightmares during the pandemic. These results suggest that resilience may be a protective factor in managing the impact of negative emotions on nightmares, but only in men. Support (if any):

Secondary Traumatization Among Social Work Students—The Contribution of Personal, Professional, and Environmental Factors

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anat Ben-Porat ◽  
Shahar Shemesh ◽  
Ronit Reuven Even Zahav ◽  
Shelly Gottlieb ◽  
Tehila Refaeli
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Work Students ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Raising Awareness ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Explained Variance ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Self Differentiation

Abstract This study examined the rate of secondary traumatic stress (STS) among social work students and the contribution of background variables, personal resources (mastery and self-differentiation) and environmental resources (supervision satisfaction and peer support) to STS. The sample consisted of 259 social work students at three social work schools in Israel. The findings indicated that the mean level of STS was mild. Of the students, 36 per cent suffered STS to a mild extent, 19 per cent to a moderate extent and 18 per cent reported a ‘high to extreme extent’. A significant contribution was made by the student’s year of study, students in their second year of social work school suffered more severely from STS than did students in their first or third years. A positive contribution was made by the student’s level of exposure and a unique contribution was made by mastery and supervision satisfaction to the explained variance of STS. The findings highlight the importance of raising awareness of STS and its implications for social work students, as well as the necessity of helping students cope with this phenomenon. In addition, the study emphasises the significant role of supervisors in the training agencies and the importance of increasing students’ sense of mastery.

scholarly journals Entrepreneurial ecosystems: Founding figures and research frontiers in economic geography

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (2-4) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susann Schäfer ◽  
Heike Mayer
Keyword(s):  
Economic Geography ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ecosystems ◽  
Published Research ◽  
Research Frontiers

Abstract The editorial for the special issue on entrepreneurial ecosystems summarizes the ongoing debate on the entrepreneurial ecosystem concept and portrays the backgrounds of founding figures of the concept. It traces the unique contribution of this issue with regard to recently published research. The contributions deal with the measurement of and the role of specific actors and institutions in entrepreneurial ecosystems.

Foundation for Iranian Studies, Dissertation of the Year Awards

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Keyword(s):  
Musical Instrument ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Iranian Revolution ◽  
Musical Style ◽  
University Of Illinois ◽  
Structure And Agency ◽  
Iranian Studies ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
Selection Of

The Committee on the Selection of the Best Dissertation of the Year on a Topic of Iranian Studies of the Foundation for Iranian Studies has cited two dissertations with Honorable Mention. Azin Movahed’s, The Persian Ney: A Study of the Instrument and its Musical Style, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, was cited for its unique contribution to a better understanding of an ancient and honorable Persian musical instrument and its interaction with modes and ranges of music and its possibilities and constraints for creativity and improvisations. Charles T. Kurzman’s, Structure and Agency in the Iranian Revolution of 1979, University of California at Berkeley, was cited for its highly original contribution to a better understanding of “the role of agency in revolutions in general and the various religious and nonreligious agents in the Iranian revolution in particular.” The Committee did not award a prize for 1993.

The Historical Change in the Role of the Two Hungarian Words for Red (Piros and Vörös) and Their Visual Semantics

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-302
Author(s):  
Beáta Bálizs
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
International Research ◽  
Historical Change ◽  
Color Terms ◽  
Color Term ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Red Color ◽  
History Of ◽  
Hungarian Language

The present study summarizes the key findings of a multi-year interdisciplinary investigation, performed using specific (ethnographic, anthropological, and linguistic) research methods, into the two color terms mentioned in the title. Originally intended as empirical research involving all Hungarian color terms and individual community-dependent relationships with colors, it was eventually supplemented by a text-based examination of the history of the color terms piros and veres/vörös. A further objective was to answer questions raised in the course of international research concerning the reason for the existence of two color terms with similar meanings in the Hungarian language to denote the red color range. Earlier studies had already suggested that the modern use of vörös, which has more ancient roots in the Hungarian language, may be related to the fact that this color term was previously used more extensively. However, the present research is unique in demonstrating the substantial changes that have taken place in the Hungarian language in relation to the role and meaning of these color terms. It has already been established that the two color terms switched places historically, and that piros today fulfills precisely the same function that for centuries belonged to veres/vörös, until the color term piros began to gain ground in the 19th century.

scholarly journals Visual Metaphtonymy in Automobile Femvertising

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 421-439
Author(s):  
Sami Chatti
Keyword(s):  
Survey Data ◽  
Visual Imagery ◽  
Visual Rhetoric ◽  
Representative Sample ◽  
Figurative Language ◽  
Dynamic Interaction ◽  
Female Consumers ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Metaphor And Metonymy

In a 2017 landmark reform, Saudi authorities decided to lift the ban on women driving in this conservative society. In tribute to women's newly-gained freedom to drive, major automakers turned to Twitter to launch creative femvertising campaigns that vividly articulate the female empowering motto 'driving is feminine'. Building on the eloquence of visual rhetoric, which combines the communicative force of figurative language with the expressive potential of visual imagery, automobile advertisers resorted to visual metaphtonymy to efficiently target prospective female consumers. The selection of this visual compound, which emerges from the intricate interplay between metaphor and metonymy, allows for a dynamic interaction between the highlighting function of metonymy and the mapping role of metaphoric thought to establish informed parallels between femininity and automobility. Analysis of survey data on the likeability, complexity and effectiveness of a representative sample of four digital automobile advertisements asserts the role and value of visual metaphtontonymy in automobile femvertising.

scholarly journals Move Structure of Research Article Abstracts on Management: Contrastive Study (the Case of English and Russian)

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Zanina
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
English Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Contrastive Study ◽  
Research Article ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Academic Communication

Although a plethora of papers have proved a seminal role of move-based genre analysis in cross-linguistic research of academic communication and EAP/ESP teaching and learning, there is a lack of respective linguistic or pedagogically motivated studies of research articles (RAs) and their parts aimed at comparing English and Russian. Using Hyland’s (2000) 5-move model, the current research seeks to determine the most obvious cross-linguistic differences in the move structure of abstracts of research articles on management for these languages. Based on a move analysis of the English- and Russian-language corpora each comprising 20 unstructured RA abstracts, the research revealed conformity of most English-language abstracts to Hyland’s model, while the Russian abstracts principally displayed a three-move structure containing ‘purpose’, ‘method’ and ‘product’, and included the ‘introduction’ and ‘conclusion’ moves only occasionally. Other significant discrepancies comprised the English-language authors’ tendency to provide precise or detailed indication of research methods and results, in contrast to their brief indication or over-generalized mentioning by Russian writers, as well as greater length of the English-language abstracts and their stricter concordance to standard move sequence than those of the Russian abstracts. Though the research was conducted on relatively small corpora and was descriptive in nature, its findings might be of interest to genre analysts as well as to L2 theorists and practitioners.

scholarly journals Adad [Antonyms] and Its Impact on the Exegesis of Al-Samin in His Books (Al-Durr) And (Al-’Umda)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 144-158
Author(s):  
Dr. Ayman Ibrahim Yusuf Rayan
Keyword(s):  
Close Connection ◽  
Great Contribution ◽  
Intended Meaning ◽  
The Past ◽  
Linguistic Research ◽  
Holy Quran ◽  
The Holy Quran ◽  
The Subject

This research tackles the subject of the indication of antonyms and its impact on the exegesis of al-Samin in both his books “al-Durr al-Masun” (Preserved Pearls) and “‘Umdat al-Hufaz” (Reliance of the memorize-rs). In this research, I have combined between the language and tafsir (exegesis) and clarified the efforts exerted by al-Samin in serving the interpretation of the Quran. Moreover, I have introduced his great contribution to linguistic research and compiled the conclusions he has reached in both his books (al-Durr) and (al-’Umda) on antonyms. I have organized his ideas, studied his tangible effects in his exegesis of the holy Quran in addition to methodologically establishing the role of the language being one of the tools in the past and contemporary exegesis of the holy  Quran and clarified its multiple indications and various manners. I was also keen in highlighting the importance of the indication of antonyms and the extent of its impact on interpreting the noble Quran. Moreover, I have studied the points of contention among the scholars and exegists on the meaning of the Quranic statement and clarified the importance of the Quranic context in determining the exact meaning of the vocabularies and structures. Furthermore, I have highlighted the close connection between the developed indication of words and the intended meaning in the Quranic verse.

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