Necessary and good: a literature review exploring ethical issues for online counselling with children and young people who have experienced maltreatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-278
Author(s):  
Mary Jo McVeigh ◽  
Susan Heward-Belle
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
World Health ◽  
Australian Government ◽  
Online Service ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Online Counselling ◽  
Health Organization

AbstractThe World Health Organization categorised the Corona virus as a public health emergency of international concern. As a result of this declaration, a raft of procedures to stem the spread of the virus to safeguard the health and safety of its citizens was enacted by the Australian Government. The promotion of social isolation and distancing were among these measures. The governmental social distancing measures put in place in Australia resulted in a curtailing of face-to-face work and moving to online service delivery for many agencies who provide counselling for children/young people who have experienced maltreatment. This article presents the findings of a review of the literature on the pertinent ethical issues in relation to online counselling. The results of the review highlighted common ethical issues discussed across the literature, with a major gap in the literature focusing on issues for children and young people and a continued privileging of the adult voice over children and young people’s needs.

scholarly journals Analysis of chronic diseases associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and young people in Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuri Álvarez-Maya ◽  
Gustavo Mora-Aguilera ◽  
Gerardo Acevedo-Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Induced Immunity ◽  
Epidemic Wave ◽  
Epidemiological Information

<p>The emergence of COVID-19, a disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, was first reported in December 2019. It then spread in pandemic proportions, creating a human health emergency that was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization. The airborne transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, mainly through droplets of saliva, has been highly effective, depending on the viral variant. The present study provides clinical-epidemiological information on the general population without discriminating by socioeconomic and occupational factors. A total of 8507 positive cases, with 408384 official metadata, were analyzed. These cases correspond to the exponential phase of the first epidemic wave (March-June 2020) in Mexico. The cohort consisted of children and young people up to 20 years of age. The putative risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection due to chronic diseases were also analyzed. In this cohort, the frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection was 3%, with a 9% rate of active infections and a mortality rate of 1%. The greatest association was between COVID-19 and metabolic diseases, with 31%. This is the first study that analyzed the health conditions associated with COVID-19 infection in children and young people in Mexico during the first SARS-CoV-2 epidemic wave, in the absence of acquired or induced immunity factors. The results, although preliminary, may contribute to the management of COVID-19 patients during the prevention and hospitalization stages. Given the sustained expansion of the epidemic and the greater availability of data, it would be useful to make an integrative analysis of the rural population, which has remained active in the labor market given that agriculture is considered an essential activity.</p>

scholarly journals Can Communication Strategies Combat COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy with Trade-Off between Public Service Messages and Public Skepticism? Experimental Evidence from Pakistan

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 757
Author(s):  
Qiang Jin ◽  
Syed Hassan Raza ◽  
Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
Umer Zaman ◽  
Jenny Marisa Lim Dao Siang
Keyword(s):  
Public Service ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
World Health ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Media Type ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
Media Types ◽  
Health Organization

The COVID-19 pandemic may have reached a turning point as the World Health Organization and the global community of nations step up plans for mass vaccination campaigns. However, the COVID-19 vaccine-related conspiracy theories (e.g., falsehoods about birth control, women infertility, surveillance, and microchip humanity, etc.) have built new momentum for vaccine hesitancy. To this end, several nations worldwide, including Pakistan, are struggling to boost public trust and enthusiasm to get vaccinated, especially in an anxious and complicated atmosphere propelled by multiple, new and the deadliest variants of COVID-19. To address this critical research gap during these intensifying conditions of vaccine hesitancy, the present study makes the first attempt to explore the potential effects of various communication strategies, including public service message (safety benefits versus fear appraisals), media types (i.e., traditional versus digital), self-efficacy, perceived benefits and threats (susceptibility and severity), on the willingness to get vaccinated for COVID-19. Importantly, the underlying effects of public skepticism (in a moderating role) on these relationships were empirically examined. Using four fictitious COVID-19 immunization campaigns in a series of experiments with 2 (media type: traditional vs. digital) X 2 (service attribute: health and safety benefits vs. fear) message frames (represented as Group one to Group four), the findings identified fear appraisal as the most viable communication strategy in combating vaccine hesitancy. Moreover, public skepticism negatively moderated the effects of media types and public service message attributes on willingness to get vaccinated in relatively high (i.e., Group two), moderate (i.e., Group one and four), and low intensities (i.e., Group three). The pioneering findings of this research offer new strategic insights for the global health authorities and vaccine promoters to proactively address the downward spiral of people’s willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine.

Digital transformation of face-to-face focus group methodology: engaging a globally dispersed audience in management of institutional change (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Mahmoud ◽  
Anna TOKAR ◽  
Melissa ARRIAS ◽  
Christos MYLONAS ◽  
Heini UTUNEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
World Health ◽  
Global Learning ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Global Workforce ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

UNSTRUCTURED As part of its transformation process to meet the health challenges of the 21st century by creating a motivated and fit-for-purpose global workforce, the World Health Organization (WHO) is developing the first-ever global Learning Strategy for health personnel around the world. Focus group discussions (FGDs) were organized as part of in-depth qualitative research on staff views, visions, and suggestions. Due to the pandemic, a flexible, multi-linguistic, participatory, iterative methodology for digitization of face-to-face FDGs to engage a globally dispersed workforce was implemented.

scholarly journals Knowledge and Determinants of Fruit and Vegetable Consumption among Adults in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas K. Awuni ◽  
Gideon Kye-Duodu ◽  
Charles Duodu ◽  
Francis B. Zotor ◽  
Basma Ellahi
Keyword(s):  
Disease Risk ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
World Health ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Risk Factor Surveillance ◽  
Health Organization

<p><em>The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that a person consumes at least 400g of Fruit and Vegetable (FV) daily to prevent chronic disease risk. We assessed knowledge of current WHO guidelines and other determinants of FV intake among adults (? 18 years, n = 397) in Hohoe Municipality, Ghana. Face-to-face interviews using a questionnaire adopted from </em><em>WHO Risk Factor Surveillance System were undertaken. </em><em>Knowledge of FV daily servings and determinants of intake were evaluated by descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression. There was a 99.2% response rate with approximately 9</em><em>% </em><em>of participants correctly stating the WHO daily recommended amount (P </em><em>=</em><em> </em><em>.</em><em>296</em><em>)</em><em>. Most (54%) of respondents’ FV intake was affected by unavailability of desired choice (</em><em>P </em><em>=</em><em> .050)</em><em>. Odds of inadequate consumption for persons aware of adequate intake amount was 1.97 (95% CI: 0.64, 6.05, P = .234) higher than persons without awareness. Participants with problems accessing their desired choice of FV had 0.59 odds (95% CI: 0.36, 0.95, P = .030) of consuming inadequate amount compared to those with easy access. Adequate FV intake depends on availability of consumer prefered choice regardless of knowledge of recommendations. Individual home based FV cultivation is relevant for availability of preferred choice and adequate consumption for NCDs risk reductions among Ghanaians.</em></p>

scholarly journals Exercise to Promote Pupil Securitability

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 476
Author(s):  
Jānis Buliņš ◽  
Rasma Jansone ◽  
Inese Bautre ◽  
Inta Bula-Biteniece
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Personal Growth ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
National Development ◽  
State Level ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
After School ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Healthy Environment

<p><em>Health and safety is based on the choices that people make during lifetime. Each of us chooses to act safely or unsafely, healthy or unhealthy. Specific risk group is children and youngsters. Children and young people often have a desire to test their independence, build a personal identity and expand the social life, so young people often experiment also with different types of behavior. In the situations not favorable to health and safety children and young people behavior often do not comply with their knowledge of how to act. Human (human securitability is an internationally-known concept that characterizes human adaptability skills in a rapidly changing environment. Are distinguished 7 human securitability aspects: health, economic, personal (physical), ecological securitability, nutritional, community and political securitability. In the National development plan (NDP) 2020 strategy one of the priorities is human securitability provision. In our study, we analyzed the personal (physical) securitability of educational institutions. A person with a low sense of securitability feels threatened, does not want to use the opportunities of personal growth, trust others and cooperate with them at workplace and in collectives, does not want to participate in the state national development process, and therefore does not contribute to national growth. The pupils are able to learn successfully at school, develop their ability to form a personality only in an environment with a sustainable securitability. The pupil parents can successfully work and act only in the case they are absolutely certain about their children securitability at school, where they spend most of the working day: at schools, in after-school hobby groups, in sports trainings. Creating a safe environment at schools and being educated, growing and developing in this environment, the pupils form understanding of the necessity for a safe and healthy environment and its importance, and develop motivation to keep it for the needs of family, society and the public. </em></p><p><em>In strengthening securitability equally important is knowledge and skills to act in different situations. Researching education policy documents, the authors draw the conclusion that it is necessary on a state level to strengthen the securitability of each Latvian resident and the issues related to state securitability in educational institutions and society as a whole. Sports teacher can contribute to the promotion of pupil securitability, using the subject content as the means. Human securitability can be promoted by knowledge acquisition and skills development in securitability-oriented sports lesson.</em></p>

Bioethics in Unani medicine: Relevant quotes from Kamilussanah, a 10th century manuscript

2022 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Ghazala Javed ◽  
Nandini Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conventional Medicine ◽  
National Level ◽  
Codes Of Conduct ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
World Health ◽  
Medical Systems ◽  
Unani Medicine ◽  
Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO) in its Alma Ata Declaration, 1978, focuses on the development, promotion and recognition of the traditional medical systems. India has taken steps in this direction by recognising Unani medicine with other traditional medical systems practised in India. Presently, Government is promoting integration of the recognised traditional medical systems with conventional medicine at the national level, as an interdisciplinary approach to providing better patient-centred care. Bioethics is a field of enquiry that examines ethical issues and dilemmas emerging from medical care and research involving humans. Although the term ‘bioethics’ was first mentioned in 1927 and later established as a distinct discipline in 1970s, the ethical principles in various contexts had been described centuries ago in the classical texts pertaining to traditional medical systems. Since ethics as a code of conduct was followed by ancient Unani physicians to safeguard the interests of humanity when providing healthcare, it was felt that a review of classical Unani manuscripts should be attempted to give an insight into codes of conduct described by various Unani physicians. In this paper, a 10th century book, “Kamilussanah” authored by Ali ibn Abbas al-Majoosi, also known as Majoosi (930-994 CE), is reviewed through the prism of ethics.

Music and violence: Working with youth to prevent violence

2019 ◽  
pp. 75-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Wölfl
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Youth Violence ◽  
World Health ◽  
Developmental Tasks ◽  
The World ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Emotional Level ◽  
Different Levels

The prevention of youth violence is one of the major challenges of our time. Based on important key concepts on youth violence from the report of the World Health Organization, opportunities are presented for music therapy with youth to prevent violence. As music in its various forms reaches a very large number of young people all around the world on an emotional level, it is important to note its special ability to promote aggressive emotions as well as to regulate these same emotions. Integrated with more mainstream approaches, music therapy can have preventive potential at different levels: in individual settings, group programmes, and community approaches. Different music therapy approaches for the challenges of violence prevention are presented and developmental tasks for the future are discussed.

Consumption and Preferences of Fruits and Vegetables in Turkish Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hilal Hizli Güldemir ◽  
Neda Yousefirad ◽  
Cansu Akman ◽  
Fatma Elif Sezer ◽  
Havvanur Yoldas Ilktac ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
World Health ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Interview Method ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Dried Fruit ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

AbstractHigh fruit and vegetable intake is associated with reduced risk of future chronic diseases. This study aimed to evaluate the consumption of fruits and vegetables in adults living in Turkey.The study was performed with selected by random sampling method on total of 7693 individuals, who lives in different geographical regions in Turkey. The research data were obtained through a questionnaire applied in face-to-face interview method in June-September 2017. In the study the consumption status, preferences and daily amount of vegetables and fruits were questioned; height, body weight and Body Mass Index (BMI) were evaluated. Statistical analyzes were performed with SPSS 22.0 program.33.2% of the participants were male; 66.8% are female. The mean age of the subjects was 34.8 ± 13.2 years and BMI was 25.3 ± 5.0 kg / m2. According to the World Health Organization, 5.1% of individuals were lean, 46.7% were normal, 30.9% were slightly obese and 17.2% were obese. 95.5% of individuals reported that they consume vegetables and 96.5% of them consume fruits. In vegetable consumption preferences, it was determined that 62.9% of the individuals consumed raw vegetables every day, 80.4% of cooked with meat dishes, 85.0% of cooked meatless dishes, and 59.0% of them consumed as roasted at least once a week. Boiled and steamed vegetables are preferred rarely. In fruit consumption preferences, it was found that 58.7% of the individuals consumed fresh fruits every day, 40.9% of dried fruit, 17.0% of compote and 28.0% of fruit juice at least once a week. BMI was found to be significantly higher in individuals who did not consume vegetables and fruits (p < 0.05).Although the majority of the individuals reported that they consumed vegetables and fruits in general, the BMI of 48.1% was above normal. Informative studies are needed to increase the amount and variety of consumption of vegetables and fruits in Turkish adults.

Participant Photography as a Research Tool: Ethical Issues and Practical Implementation

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 369-399
Author(s):  
Leeanne O’Hara ◽  
Kathryn Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Young People ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Social Research ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Practical Implementation ◽  
Participatory Methods ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
Children And Young People ◽  
Research Drug

Participatory methods for engaging children and young people in research are becoming more popular and innovative in social research. One example of this is the inclusion of participant photography. Drawing on an ethnographic study conducted in Northern Ireland, this article explores the application of participant photography to research drug use and antisocial behavior among youth. Findings highlight issues surrounding implementation when in the field, building on the existing knowledge base and focusing on recruitment, continuous engagement, image presentation, and analysis. This is followed by an overview of ethical considerations including specific issues relating to researcher and participant safety.

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