Minding the Mechanisms: A Discussion of How Mindfulness Leads to Positive Outcomes at Work

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 620-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dexter Miksch ◽  
Meghan I. H. Lindeman ◽  
Lebena Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Work Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Mindfulness Practices ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
The Many ◽  
Positive Work

Hyland, Lee, and Mills (2015) asserted that the many benefits of mindfulness practices have been underutilized and understudied at work. We agree with the focal article's stance that more research is needed on mindfulness at work. We extend this argument to include a request that future research pays attention to the mechanisms responsible for the effects of mindfulness at work. In this commentary, we (a) briefly discuss the practical importance of understanding the mechanisms by which mindfulness practices lead to positive outcomes, (b) outline the mediating mechanisms proposed by the leading theoretical model of mindfulness effects and how those mediators apply to work, and (c) argue that more rigorous, empirical research is needed to understand the mechanisms through which mindfulness practices lead to positive work outcomes.

scholarly journals Motivational Determinants of Sexting

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-482
Author(s):  
Kristina Sesar ◽  
Arta Dodaj ◽  
Nataša Šimić
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
Contextual Characteristics

Sexting, defined as the exchange of sexually explicit contents among adolescents and young adults using electronic media, has become a popular topic of interest in the wider public. This paper proposed a theoretical model to explain motivational determinants of sexting behaviour. We reviewed sexting literature to show how multiple empirical confirmed motivational factors can be modelled within our framework. By analysing empirical research, we posited a set of individual characteristics and contextual characteristics that explain sexting behaviour. We offered a systematic review of motivational determinants relevant to capture sexting behaviour and guidelines for future research in this area. We intended by this theory to organize prior research into a more theoretically satisfying approach to study sexting and to encourage researchers to expand the model and use it in future studies.

Social and Informational Affordances of Social Media in Music Learning and Teaching

2020 ◽  
pp. 425-442
Author(s):  
Anabel Quan-Haase
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Music Education ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Music Learning ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
The Social ◽  
21St Century Learners ◽  
The Many

This chapter examines the role of social media in music learning and teaching with the aim of discerning the affordances created by specific features and functions. While much scholarship has outlined the many merits and possibilities of including social media in formal and informal music education, not much is known about what aspects of social media lead to positive outcomes. Music education is defined broadly here and includes both learning about music and learning with the purpose of achieving classroom goals. The majority of research either tends to focus on single platforms or discusses social media more generally. The present chapter starts with a close look at the affordance concept, tracing its historical roots and problematizing its definition. The chapter then discusses how various affordances can contribute to different aspects of music education. Much of the literature on social media has examined the social affordances of social media and neglected to consider the informational affordances. The chapter argues that both social and informational affordances are important in investigations of social media for music education. Finally, conclusions are discussed for 21st-century learners, and the advantages of employing the affordances framework in studies of music education and social media are outlined. Future research based on the affordances framework that could examine what features and functions of social media are beneficial for music learning and teaching are examined, including discussion of a series of constraints placed on learners and teachers by the technology.

scholarly journals Peer Assessment: Channels of Operation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Keith Topping
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Linear Order ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Peer Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Many ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Order Set

The present paper offers a definition of peer assessment and then reviews the major syntheses on its effectiveness. However, the main part of this paper is preoccupied with how to do PA successfully. A typology of 44 elements explains the differences between the many types of peer assessment. Then a theoretical model outlines some of the processes which may occur during PA. Initially, only a few of these will be used, but as those engaged in PA become more experienced, an increasing number of elements will feature. However, these may not appear in the linear order set out here, and indeed may be recursive. The implications for the design and organisation of PA are outlined, as well as the implications for future research.

The role of status and power inequalities in leader-member exchange

Leadership ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 174271502110264
Author(s):  
Theano Lianidou
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Leader Member Exchange ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
Similarity Attraction ◽  
Formal Status

Demographically diverse leader-member relationships are predominantly studied based on similarity-attraction theory. However, empirical research examining the effect of similarity and dissimilarity on leader-member exchange (LMX) quality has resulted in inconsistent findings. I propose a new theoretical model which suggests that the LMX quality of demographically diverse leader-member dyads is affected by informal and formal status and power inequalities. My propositions, which lead to different outcomes than those of similarity-attraction theory, draw primarily upon social dominance theory and show how inequalities in demographic status and power and in positional status and power intertwine to affect LMX quality. Theoretical contributions and future research opportunities are discussed.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Thematic Map Imaging of the Yacht Port on the Example of the Polish National Sailing Centre Marina in Gdańsk

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 7016
Author(s):  
Pawel S. Dabrowski ◽  
Cezary Specht ◽  
Mariusz Specht ◽  
Artur Makar
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Convex Surface ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Thematic Maps ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
The Many

The theory of cartographic projections is a tool which can present the convex surface of the Earth on the plane. Of the many types of maps, thematic maps perform an important function due to the wide possibilities of adapting their content to current needs. The limitation of classic maps is their two-dimensional nature. In the era of rapidly growing methods of mass acquisition of spatial data, the use of flat images is often not enough to reveal the level of complexity of certain objects. In this case, it is necessary to use visualization in three-dimensional space. The motivation to conduct the study was the use of cartographic projections methods, spatial transformations, and the possibilities offered by thematic maps to create thematic three-dimensional map imaging (T3DMI). The authors presented a practical verification of the adopted methodology to create a T3DMI visualization of the marina of the National Sailing Centre of the Gdańsk University of Physical Education and Sport (Poland). The profiled characteristics of the object were used to emphasize the key elements of its function. The results confirmed the increase in the interpretative capabilities of the T3DMI method, relative to classic two-dimensional maps. Additionally, the study suggested future research directions of the presented solution.

scholarly journals Thermoplastic Pultrusion: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 180
Author(s):  
Kirill Minchenkov ◽  
Alexander Vedernikov ◽  
Alexander Safonov ◽  
Iskander Akhatov
Keyword(s):  
Composite Structures ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Thermoplastic Composites ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Architectural Engineering ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Many ◽  
Lower Production

Pultrusion is one of the most efficient methods of producing polymer composite structures with a constant cross-section. Pultruded profiles are widely used in bridge construction, transportation industry, energy sector, and civil and architectural engineering. However, in spite of the many advantages thermoplastic composites have over the thermoset ones, the thermoplastic pultrusion market demonstrates significantly lower production volumes as compared to those of the thermoset one. Examining the thermoplastic pultrusion processes, raw materials, mechanical properties of thermoplastic composites, process simulation techniques, patents, and applications of thermoplastic pultrusion, this overview aims to analyze the existing gap between thermoset and thermoplastic pultrusions in order to promote the development of the latter one. Therefore, observing thermoplastic pultrusion from a new perspective, we intend to identify current shortcomings and issues, and to propose future research and application directions.

Beyond Bounded Rationality: CEO Reflective Capacity and Firm Sustainability Performance

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-38
Author(s):  
Yingya Jia ◽  
Anne S. Tsui ◽  
Xiaoyu Yu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Bounded Rationality ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Sustainability Performance ◽  
Business Executives ◽  
Dimensional Measure ◽  
Reflective Capacity ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms

ABSTRACT Optimal or rational decision making is not possible due to informational constraints and limits in computation capability of humans (March & Simon, 1958; March, 1978). This bounded rationality serves as a filtering process in decision making among business executives (Hambrick & Mason, 1984). In this study, we propose the concept of CEO reflective capacity as a behavior-oriented cognitive capability that may overcome to some extent the pervasive limitation of bounded rationality in executive decision-making. Following Hinkin's (1998) method and two executive samples, we developed and validated a three-dimensional measure of CEO reflective capacity. Based on two-wave surveys of CEOs and their executive-subordinates in 213 Chinese small-medium sized firms, we tested and confirmed three hypotheses on how CEO reflective capacity is related to a firm's sustainability performance (including economic, societal, and environmental dimensions) through the mediating mechanisms of strategic decision comprehensiveness and CEO behavioral complexity. We discuss the contribution of this study to the literature on the upper echelons and information processing perspectives. We also identify the implications for future research on strategic leadership and managerial cognition in complex and dynamic contexts.

Linking Organizational Justice to Organizational Commitment Among Nigerian Police Officers

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110361
Author(s):  
Ivan Y. Sun ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Smart E. Otu ◽  
Gilbert C. Aro ◽  
Ikechukwu Charles Akor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Organizational commitment is an imperative aspect of occupational attitudes as it signals employees’ willingness to stay with their organization and effectively achieve collective goals. Although recent studies have assessed factors influencing police officers’ organizational commitment, very little is known about the antecedents of police commitment in African countries. Based on a survey of Nigerian police officers, the study assesses the linkage between organizational justice and organizational commitment directly and indirectly through organizational trust and job satisfaction. Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicates that the relationship between organizational justice and organizational commitment is principally indirect through the mediating mechanisms of supervisory trustworthiness and job satisfaction. Officers who express greater organizational justice report higher trust in their management and supervisors and, subsequently, stronger job satisfaction, leading to higher organizational commitment. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.

Small-Scale Deliberation and Mass Democracy: A Systematic Review of the Spillover Effects of Deliberative Minipublics

2021 ◽  
pp. 003232172110072
Author(s):  
Ramon van der Does ◽  
Vincent Jacquet
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Empirical Research ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Mass Democracy

Deliberative minipublics are popular tools to address the current crisis in democracy. However, it remains ambiguous to what degree these small-scale forums matter for mass democracy. In this study, we ask the question to what extent minipublics have “spillover effects” on lay citizens—that is, long-term effects on participating citizens and effects on non-participating citizens. We answer this question by means of a systematic review of the empirical research on minipublics’ spillover effects published before 2019. We identify 60 eligible studies published between 1999 and 2018 and provide a synthesis of the empirical results. We show that the evidence for most spillover effects remains tentative because the relevant body of empirical evidence is still small. Based on the review, we discuss the implications for democratic theory and outline several trajectories for future research.

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