scholarly journals Energy requirements for racing endurance sled dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Loftus ◽  
Molly Yazwinski ◽  
Justin G. Milizio ◽  
Joseph J. Wakshlag
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Sled Dogs ◽  
Feeding Regimes

AbstractEndurance sled dogs have unique dietary energy requirements. At present, there is disparity in the literature regarding energy expenditure and thus energy requirements of these dogs. We sought to further elucidate energy requirements for endurance sled dogs under field conditions. Three sled dog teams completing the 2011 Yukon Quest volunteered to provide diet history. Nutritional content was evaluated and a mock meal was analysed for each team. Race data were obtained from www.yukonquest.com. Dogs were weighed at the start of the race in Whitehorse Yukon (WH), a mid-way checkpoint in Dawson Yukon (DS) and at the finish in Fairbanks Alaska. Data are average value per dog or per dog per d. Linear regression compared average weight loss to average kcal/dog consumed daily. Diets and feeding regimes were similar for all three teams. The average daily energy intake and nutrient content was similar for all diets. During leg one (WH to DS), team 1 gained weight overall, whereas the other two teams experienced weight loss. Linear regression revealed 37 638 kJ/dog/d (8995 kcal/dog/d) was required for weight maintenance. During leg two (DS to Fairbanks Alaska), average weights decreased for all three teams. The extrapolated kcal requirement was approximately 57 734 kJ/dog/d (13 799 kcal/dog/d). The carbohydrate contents of these diets also suggest that presumed fat intake for endurance sled dogs may be slightly less than previously thought. Finally, these data support the concept that dietary energy requirements vary substantially with additional variables such as load pulled, terrain and ambient temperature.

scholarly journals Weight loss and usage of an online commercial weight loss program delivered in an everyday context: A 5-year evaluation of the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet Online (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilly A Hendrie ◽  
Danielle L Baird ◽  
Emily Brindal ◽  
Gemma Williams ◽  
Jennie Brand-Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Weight Loss Program ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Food Diary

BACKGROUND Obesity is a global public health challenge, and there is a need for more evidence-based self-management programs that support longer term, sustained weight loss. OBJECTIVE This study used data from the CSIRO Total Wellbeing Diet Online to determine the reach and weight loss results over its first five years. METHODS Participants were adults who joined the commercial weight loss program of their own volition between October 2014 and September 2019 (N=61,164). Information collected included year of birth, sex, height and weight, and usage data, for example entries into the food diary, views of the menu and program content. Weight loss and percentage of starting body weight lost were calculated. Members were divided into two groups for analysis: ‘Stayers’ were members who signed up to at least 12 weeks of the program and recorded a weight entry at baseline and at the end of the program; ‘Starters’ started the program but did not record a weight after 12 weeks. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used to describe weight loss and determine the member and program characteristics associated with weight loss. RESULTS Data were available from 59,686 members for analysis. Members were predominately female (n=48979/59686; 82%) with an average age of 50 years (SD=12.6). The average starting weight was 90.2kg (SD=19.7) and over half of all members were obese (n=34195/59688, 57%). At week-12, 95% of members had an active program membership which decreased to 41% at 24 weeks. At week 12, 52% of remaining members were actively using the platform, and by week 24, 27% were using the platform. The average weight loss for all members was 2.8kg or 3.1% of starting body weight. Stayers lost 4.9kg (5.3% of starting body weight), compared to starters who lost 1.6kg (1.7% of starting body weight). Almost half (49%) the members who stayed on the program lost 5% or more of their starting body weight, and 16% achieved a weight loss of 10% or more. Of members who were Class 1 obese when they joined the program, 41% who stayed on the program were no longer obese at the end, and across all categories of obesity 24% were no longer obese at the end of the program. Based on multiple linear regression, platform usage was the strongest predictor of weight loss (beta=.263; P<.001), with higher usage associated with greater weight loss. CONCLUSIONS This comprehensive evaluation of a commercial, online weight loss program showed that it was effective for weight loss, particularly for members who finished the program and were active in using the platform and tools provided. If the results demonstrated here can be achieved at an even greater scale, the potential social and economic benefits will be extremely significant. CLINICALTRIAL not applicable.

scholarly journals Energy and nutrient content of weight-loss diets published in high-circulation newspapers

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 337-346
Author(s):  
Gökçen Garipoğlu ◽  
Şule Aktaç ◽  
Fatma Esra Güneş
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Nutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Expert Control ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Press ◽  
Knowledge Levels

Introduction: The press is one of the most effective methods to provide the public with health education and to increase knowledge levels related to health in society.Nutritional advice and weight loss diets are also frequently featured in newspapers. However, diets in newspaper limit food groups and/or nutrients to achieve faster results.This study aimed to assess diet lists published in newspapers in terms of energy andnutrient contents and to compare levels with requirements. Material and Methods: From 1 February 2018 to 31 January 2019, nutritional and diet news included in 10 newspapers with high circulation in Turkey were investigated and diets published in these newspapers were investigated. The energy, macro, and micronutrient contents were compared with the Turkey Nutrition Guide recommendations. Results: It appeared diet lists met 55.5% of energy requirements for women and 44.5% of energy requirements for men. Carbohydrate and protein contents of diets were below recommendations, while fat contents were identified to be above-recommended levels. Dietary fiber was determined to meet 81.2% of recommendations. For micronutrients, calcium and iron contents were below recommended levels. Conclusions: It appears weight-loss diets in newspapers are insufficient in terms of energy and some nutrients. Though these diets, which are easily accessible by a large portion of society, without expert control they may cause nutrient deficiencies in the long term.

scholarly journals Weight Changes Post-Phentermine Use

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cassandra Towns ◽  
Roschelle Heuberger ◽  
Jack Logomarsino ◽  
Arturo Olivera Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Regain ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Reported Data

Purpose: Evaluate weight maintenance in subjects who lost weight while taking phentermine (PTM). Methods: This study was conducted by utilizing a validated survey to collect self-reported data about weight changes post-PTM use. The survey was sent to 19,986 email addresses of current and former patients of a PTM-based outpatient clinic, located in Chicago, IL; 546 participants completed the survey. Results were analyzed using a variety of techniques. Results: At the time of the survey, 42% of responders maintained all the weight lost while on PTM, and 25.2% had maintained a weight loss of at least 10% of their body weight. The average weight lost and maintained at the time of the survey was 3.75% ± 13.8% of body weight or 8.74 lbs ± 27.45 lbs. Nineteen responders had no net weight change. Fifty-nine responders reported a net weight gain, ranging from 2 to 70 lbs with a mean net weight gain of 16.07 lbs ± 13.87 lbs. The duration of time since discontinuing PTM use had a significant correlation with weight maintenance: r = 0.340, p value = .000. There was no significant correlation between duration of time using PTM and weight maintenance. No correlations were identified between education, income, or ethnicity and weight maintenance. A correlation was identified between weight maintenance and current exercise level: r = 0.218, p value = .000. Conclusions: Although more research is needed, with the results of this study, the investigators suggest that post-PTM use, weight regain is not significantly higher than weight regain through other weight loss programs. In order to achieve long-term weight loss maintenance, it may behoove patients to receive professional guidance about behavior modifications to maintain weight lost, particularly related to exercise and dietary changes. The investigators of this study suggest greater emphasis on behavior modification in patients taking PTM is indicated.

Male and female cats have different regional body compositions and energy requirements for weight loss and weight maintenance

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1546-1555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Souza Vasconcellos ◽  
Karina Nogueira Venturelli Gonçalves ◽  
Naida Cristina Borges ◽  
Francisco José Albuquerque Paula ◽  
Júlio Carlos Canola ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Body Compositions

scholarly journals A Multidisciplinary Approach to Treating Obesity in a Community Health Centre

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 252-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Kovač Blaž ◽  
Igor Švab
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Initial Weight ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Weight Loss Programme

Abstract Objectives. The aim of the study is to assess the weight loss programme with regards to the long-term effectiveness of weight reduction and weight maintenance, using completion rate and BMI, blood sugar, cholesterol and blood pressure levels as outcomes. The aim of the study also includes identifying the factors associated with adherence to the programme. Methods. The programme was developed by a multidisciplinary team. It included 6 months of introduction and another 18 months of maintenance. The data for 397 participants was collected after 24 months. Results. 346 participants have completed the introduction and 123 have completed the programme. In the introduction, the average weight loss was 12% of the initial weight. The participants, who completed the full programme, lost 9.4% of their initial weight. The participants also significantly (p<0.05) reduced their blood sugar and cholesterol levels, as well as their blood pressure. The factors associated with adherence to the programme are: age over 50, lower educational levels, lower initial weight and higher weight loss in the introduction. Conclusions. The multi-disciplinary approach to obesity treatment was effective for a selected group of people. The proportion of dropouts was relatively high, but still low compared to similar programmes. Group treatment and mutual support are of a great importance in bringing about and maintaining the changes.

scholarly journals The effect of reducing dietary energy density via the addition of water to a dry diet, on body weight, energy intake and physical activity in adult neutered cats

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet E. Alexander ◽  
Alison Colyer ◽  
Penelope J. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Healthy Body Weight ◽  
Dry Diet ◽  
Healthy Body

AbstractIncreasingly domestic cats live in an overfeeding and underexercising environment where obesity is a major health concern. One strategy to aid healthy body weight maintenance is dietary energy dilution. Published data indicate that increasing dietary moisture content leads to a reduction in energy intake and increased activity. However, a number of different methodologies were employed in these studies and associated changes in physical activity have only been measured once. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of diets of three different moisture contents offered in excess of energy requirements, on body weight, energy intake and physical activity in adult neutered cats. Sixty-nine adult cats randomised into three groups, received 100 % of their daily individual maintenance energy requirements (IMER) of dry diet or dry diet hydrated to 40 or 80 % total moisture content (tmc). Baseline activity, intake, body weight and body composition were measured. Following this baseline phase, the cats received the same diets at 200 % of daily IMER and the measurements repeated over the next 28 d. When offered the diets at 200 % IMER, cats fed the dry diet significantly increased body weight and percentage of body fat (P < 0·01), while those offered the hydrated diets did not (P > 0·01). The levels of physical activity in cats offered the hydrated 80 % tmc diet were significantly (P < 0·01) higher than those offered the dry or 40 % tmc diet. We suggest that dietary energy dilution by addition of water may be a useful strategy for healthy body weight maintenance in overfed cats.

scholarly journals Long-term adequacy of exclusive breast-feeding: how scientific research has led to revised opinions

2000 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Whitehead ◽  
A. A. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Basic Assumption ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Dietary Energy ◽  
Doubly Labelled Water ◽  
Nutritional Guidelines ◽  
Energy Needs ◽  
High Bioavailability

The present paper reviews the research of the authors and their colleagues over the past 20 years to provide improved nutritional and anthropometric guidelines for the assessment of lactational adequacy and for when the weaning process might be initiated. The nutritional guidelines are based on revised dietary energy requirements. The basic assumption is that since breast milk is a well-balanced food, if energy needs are satisfied so will those for essential nutrients. Energy requirements for young babies have been derived from the application of the doubly-labelled-water technique. This approach indicated that 460 kJ (110 kcal)/kg per d at 1 month and 397 and 355 kJ (95 and 85 kcal)/kg per d at 3 and 6 months respectively would be satisfactory for a nutrient content of high bioavailability. Translated into a breast-milk intake of 850 ml/d the latter would cover the dietary energy needs of the average child growing along the 50th centile until at least 4 months, but the typical child from many developing countries following the 25th centile until 6 months. The importance of revised growth reference values for infancy, equally crucial for assessing lactational adequacy, is also reviewed. In contrast with the shapes of earlier reference patterns, growth trajectories are different when babies are fed in accordance with modern paediatric advice. Mothers and health professionals using the older growth charts to assess the progress of a baby can be misled into assuming that the weaning process needs to be introduced sooner than necessary. Examples of this situation within the context of a developing country are provided.

The PREVIEW Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-20
Author(s):  
Maija Huttunen-Lenz ◽  
Sylvia Hansen ◽  
Thomas Meinert Larsen ◽  
Pia Christensen ◽  
Mathijs Drummen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Maintenance Phase ◽  
Habit Strength ◽  
Health Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Economic Variables ◽  
Overweight Adults ◽  
Modification Intervention

Abstract. Individuals at risk of Type 2 Diabetes are advised to change health habits. This study investigated how the PREMIT behavior modification intervention and its association with socio-economic variables influenced weight maintenance and habit strength in the PREVIEW study. Overweight adults with pre-diabetes were enrolled ( n = 2,224) in a multi-center RCT including a 2-month weight-loss phase and a 34-month weight-maintenance phase for those who lost ≥ 8% body weight. Initial stages of the PREMIT covered the end of weight-loss and the beginning of weight-maintenance phase (18 weeks). Cross-sectional and longitudinal data were explored. Frequent PREMIT sessions attendance, being female, and lower habit strength for poor diet were associated with lower weight re-gain. Being older and not in employment were associated with lower habit strength for physical inactivity. The PREMIT appeared to support weight loss maintenance. Younger participants, males, and those in employment appeared to struggle more with inactivity habit change and weight maintenance.

Weight loss "maintainers" vs. "regainers": Posttreatment physical activity facilitates weight maintenance in obese women

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renee T. Degener ◽  
Melissa H. Laitner ◽  
Danielle M. Lespinasse ◽  
Kristen E. Medina ◽  
Stacey N. Maurer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Obese Women
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