scholarly journals Analysis of dietary patterns and nutritional adequacy in lactating women: a multicentre European cohort (ATLAS study)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dantong Wang ◽  
Frank Thielecke ◽  
Mathilde Fleith ◽  
Myriam C. Afeiche ◽  
Carlos A. De Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Lactating Women ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Dietary Reference Values ◽  
Food Diaries ◽  
Mean Adequacy Ratio

Abstract Eating habits of lactating women can influence the nutrient composition of human milk, which in turn influences nutrient intake of breastfed infants. The aim of the present study was to identify food patterns and nutritional adequacy among lactating women in Europe. Data from a multicentre European longitudinal cohort (ATLAS study) were analysed to identify dietary patterns using cluster analysis. Dietary information from 180 lactating women was obtained using 3-d food diaries over the first 4 months of lactation. Four dietary patterns were identified: ‘vege-oils’, ‘fish-poultry’, ‘confectionery-salads’ and ‘mixed dishes’. Nutrition adequacy was not significantly different between clusters, but the ‘vege-oils’ cluster tended to yield the highest nutrition adequacy measured by Mean Adequacy Ratio. Compared with European dietary reference values (DRVs) for lactating women, women in all clusters had inadequate intakes of energy, pantothenic acid, folate, vitamin C, vitamin A, vitamin D, zinc, iodine, potassium and linoleic acid. Adequate intake for fibre and α-linolenic acid was only achieved in the ‘vege-oils’ cluster. Overall, fat intake was above DRVs. The present study showed that various dietary patterns do not adequately supply all nutrients, indicating a need to promote overall healthy dietary habits for European lactating women.

scholarly journals Dietary Patterns and Weight Status in Italian Preschoolers with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Typically Developing Children

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 4039
Author(s):  
Benedetta Raspini ◽  
Margherita Prosperi ◽  
Letizia Guiducci ◽  
Elisa Santocchi ◽  
Raffaella Tancredi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Food Selectivity ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Impact

Atypical eating habits are more common in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) than typically developing (TD) peers. Feeding problems may lead to the double burden of specific nutrient deficiencies and excessive weight gain, with a consequent increase in obesity prevalence. The dietary intake of Italian preschoolers with ASD compared to their TD peers and the impact of their dietary choices on their weight status and relationship to food selectivity (FS) were investigated. Dietary patterns and their associations with body mass index (BMI) were evaluated in 65 children with ASD and 82 peers with TD aged 1.3–6.4 years. Eating habits were assessed with a modified version of a parent-rated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Moreover, the prevalence of FS and possible links with dietary patterns and BMI were investigated in the ASD group. Children with ASD consumed significantly higher amounts of simple sugars, processed and ultra-processed carbohydrates, both low- and high-fat animal proteins, and lower amounts of vegetables and fruits compared to peers with TD. The obesity rate was 1.5% in children with TD and more than fourfold (6.2%) in children with ASD, although the difference between groups was not statistically significant. FS was significantly more frequent in children with ASD than in peers with TD. Children with ASD and FS showed significantly lower annual intakes of vegetable proteins and fiber (considered essential nutrients for a healthy diet) than children with ASD without FS. Our results showed that children with ASD showed different dietary habits than those with TD, with the higher consumption of energy-dense foods and lower amounts of food-sourced fibers, which could place them at increased risk to develop overweight, obesity, and micronutrient deficiencies later in life.

scholarly journals A CROSS-SECTIONAL SURVEY STUDY TO ASSESS THE PREVALENCE OF PALITYA IN YOUTH WSR TO PRAKRITI

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1929-1932
Author(s):  
Temani Rashmi ◽  
Sharma Surendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Modern Era ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

Ayurveda is a science of vast knowledge of Ahar, Vihar and Prakriti. In this modern era due to stress, lifestyle changes, eating habits and many psychological and environmental factors are responsible for premature greying of hair. The present cross-sectional survey study was planned to know about etiological factors of Palitya in youth and the prevalence of Prakriti also. Total 500 patients of premature canities fulfilling the criteria of inclusion as per GSS1 were selected from O.P.D. of department Rog Nidana and Vikriti Vigyana, National Institute of Ayurved, Jaipur. A structured questionnaire will be administered to each subject of Nidanatmaka survey to collect data on Prakriti, Socio-demographic profile, Dietary patterns and other Ayurvedic variables. Results: Max. 37% have Akala bhojana,36.4% having Vishmagni,35 and 32% habituated to Katu and Lavan Rasa,42% consuming Amla Rasa, and max.36.4% were having Vata -Pitta Prakriti. Overall, it was observed that in youth diet, dietary habits were prone to vitiate Pitta dosha. especially in the Pitta Prakriti persons. The faulty dietary habits like Vishamashana, Adhyashana, Ajeernashana, Amla-Lavana Rasa Atisevana can accelerate the process of greying hair. Keywords: Premature canities, Prakriti

scholarly journals The study of human milk composition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Liva Aumeistere ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Life Sciences ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Breastfed Infants ◽  
Ongoing Project

The Ph.D. thesis was elaborated during the period from November 2016 to March 2021 at the Faculty of Food Technology of the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies and the Laboratory of Chemistry of the Institute of Food Safety, Animal Health and Environment BIOR. The hypothesis of the Ph.D. thesis: maternal nutrition during lactation predicts human milk composition and serves as a basis for providing the essential nutrients for the infant. The hypothesis is supported by the following thesis: • a lactating woman can meet her nutritional needs by consuming a well-balanced diverse diet, which also serves as the basis for providing certain nutrients for infant via human milk; • total fat, protein, lactose content in human milk is not directly affected by maternal diet; • qualitative and quantitative fatty acid composition of human milk is influenced by maternal dietary habits during lactation; • essential and potentially toxic element content in human milk is related to maternal dietary habits during lactation; • exclusively breastfed infants till six months of age can receive a sufficient amount of energy and nutrients (fat, protein, lactose, fatty acids and essential elements) via human milk. The research object of the Ph.D. thesis: mature human milk (at least 28 days postpartum). The aim of the Ph.D. thesis: to evaluate human milk composition in relation to maternal nutrition and to assess nutritional supply for exclusively breastfed infants. Consequential research objectives were set to achieve the aim of the Ph.D. thesis: 1) to analyse protein, lactose, fat, fatty acid, essential (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Zn, Se, Mn, Fe, Cu, Co, Cr) and potentially toxic element (Al, Ni, As, Sr, Cd, Sn, Sb, Pb) content in human milk; 2) to evaluate the compliance of the women’s nutrition during lactation with the recommendations at the national and European level; 3) evaluate the association between maternal nutrition and human milk composition; 4) based on elaborated human milk composition results, theoretically evaluate nutritional adequacy of exclusively breastfed infants till six months of age. The Ph.D. thesis consists of three chapters: Chapter 1. Overview of the literature. Description of human milk and its composition influencing factors, including maternal nutrition; Chapter 2. Recital of materials, methods, and statistical analysis methods used in the study; Chapter 3. Summary of elaborated results regarding human milk composition and maternal dietary habits during lactation. Assessment of human milk composition in relation to maternal nutrition. Theoretical evaluation of the nutritional adequacy of exclusively breastfed infants (one to six months old). At the end of the Ph.D. thesis, conclusions of the study are compiled, and suggestions for future research are stated. The scientific significance of the Ph.D. thesis: 1) for the first time in Latvia, composition of human milk has been comprehensively analysed; 2) elaborated data serve as a contribution from Latvia to the global research area of human milk composition. The national significance of the Ph.D. thesis: 1) elaborated findings can be used to develop nutritional guidance for lactating women in Latvia; 2) compiled results can be used to develop nutrient intake guidelines for infants in Latvia (≤6 months old). The study has been financially supported by the grants: • Strengthening Research Capacity in the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Project “The study of human milk composition”. Project No. Z2. Contract No. 3.2.-10/44. Project status – finished (project time from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2018); • Conducting Fundamental Research in the Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Project “Natural variations in fatty acid composition of human milk”. Project No. G1. Contract No. 3.2-10/2019/LLU. Project status – ongoing (project time from 6 January 2020 to 5 January 2022); • Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies Transition to the New Doctoral Funding Model. European Social Fund Project No. 8.2.2.0/20/I/001. Project status – ongoing (project time from 17 May 2021 to 16 May 2022). The Ph.D. thesis is written in English on 127 pages and contains 34 tables, 15 figures, and 19 annexes. In total, 188 information sources were used in the study.

Food Experiences and Dietary Patterns of International Students at a Canadian University

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Bhanu Pilli ◽  
Joyce Slater
Keyword(s):  
International Students ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Food Environments ◽  
Unhealthy Eating ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits

Purpose: Postsecondary students who move to a new country to continue their education experience a drastic shift in food landscape, often resulting in unhealthy dietary adaptations. Methods: This mixed-method study explored the eating experiences and dietary patterns of 30 international students attending a Canadian university. Data were collected through focus groups that were analyzed thematically and dietary records analyzed for compliance with Canada’s Food Guide for Healthy Living (2007). Results: Results showed that many participants want to maintain home country food traditions, yet their new independent living status and novel food environments led to changes in dietary habits. Limited food skills, busy schedules, reduced access to familiar foods, and fast-food environments contributed to unhealthy eating patterns. These perceptions were reflected in the high consumption of “other”, less nutritious foods and low servings of fruits and vegetables, milk products and alternatives, and grain products. Conclusions: These findings show that international university students face dual challenges of transitioning into independent living without sufficient food skills and family supports, and exposure to unfamiliar and unhealthy food environments. Resources need to be developed for newly enrolled international students that emphasize food awareness, food skills, and healthy eating habits.

scholarly journals COMPARISON OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF DOCTORS IN SERVICES HOSPITALS WITH THAT OF EQUIVALENT SOCIAL STRATA IN RELATION TO THEIR EATING HABITS AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (6) ◽  
pp. 2015-18
Author(s):  
Asif Mumtaz Sukhera ◽  
Rukhsana Roshan ◽  
Sadia Sajjad ◽  
Sarah Tanvir ◽  
Syed Fawad Mashhadi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Activity Patterns ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: To compare the nutritional status of doctors and non-doctors in relation to their eating habits and physical activity Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital/Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from Sep 2018 to Mar 2019. Methodology: Anthropometric measurements like weight for age, height for age, weight according to height along with BMI were used as indicators of nutritional status. Data collection tool was built upon food frequency questionnaire and comprised of sociodemographic variables followed by major portions related to general health of respondents, nutritional assessment, dietary patterns and physical activity. Results: Out of 200 respondents, 100 were physicians working in services hospitals of Army while rest hundred were serving officers non-doctors of similar social status. Mean age of the participants was 35.00 ± 7.57 years. There was no significant difference between self-perceived health status of both groups (p>0.05). Dietary habits of physicians were significantly healthy as compared to their counterparts (p=0.01) while physical activity patterns were better amongst non-doctors (p=0.001). Physicians had unhealthy dietary habits, but intake was bit less and cautious as compared to their counterpart group. Conclusion: Doctors have better dietary patterns, but worse physical activity practices as compared to individuals with similar social strata. Risk factors and nutritional indicators were not different for both groups.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns in relation to socio-economic and lifestyle characteristics among Greek adolescents: a multivariate analysis

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1366-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgia Kourlaba ◽  
Demosthenes B Panagiotakos ◽  
Kostas Mihas ◽  
Alevizos Alevizos ◽  
Kostas Marayiannis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Dietary Behaviour ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Junk Food ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Unhealthy Lifestyle ◽  
Food Pattern

AbstractBackgroundWe sought to evaluate the relationship between selected lifestyle and socio-economic characteristics and dietary habits of Greek adolescents.MethodsDuring 2004, 2118 school adolescents were selected from twelve schools in Vyronas region, Athens. Dietary intake was assessed through a semi-quantitative FFQ. Principal components analysis was applied to extract dietary patterns.ResultsSeven components, explaining the 50 % of the total variation in intake, were extracted. Component 1 (‘junk food’ pattern) was heavily loaded by the consumption of ‘sweet’ and ‘salty’ snacks, soft drinks and other ‘fast foods’. Component 2 was characterized as ‘red meat’ consumption pattern. Component 3 was characterized by the consumption of vegetables, fruits and juices. Component 4 was characterized by the intake of dairy products, pasta and wholegrain bread. Component 5 can be described as rice, fish, potatoes and poultry intake. Component 6 was characterized by the consumption of ‘traditional Greek cooked foods’ and legumes, and component 7 was characterized by the consumption of eggs and white bread. Time spent watching television was positively associated with the ‘junk food’ pattern and inversely associated with the ‘vegetarian/healthy’ pattern. Moreover, the ‘junk food’ pattern was positively related to smoking status and the ‘vegetarian/healthy’ pattern was positively correlated with sports activities outside school.ConclusionAn unhealthy dietary behaviour is associated with an overall unhealthy lifestyle. Taking into account the fact that unhealthy eating habits and sedentary lifestyle have been associated with increased obesity prevalence, school- or community-based programmes should be conducted promoting healthy dietary and lifestyle behaviours.

Relationship between Eating Patterns and Body Composition among Young Females in Qatar

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Elsayed ◽  
Aram Alhammadi ◽  
Alanood Alahmad ◽  
Zahra Babiker ◽  
Abdelhamid Kerkadi
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Significant Difference

The prevalence of obesity has been increased in Qatar, with the transition from healthy to unhealthy dietary habits. Behavioral factors that are associated with obesity are, long-term imbalanced energy intake, high screen time, skipping breakfast and physical inactivity. Changes in body composition and percent body fat (PBF) increase the risk of non-communicable disease. This study is the first study conducted in Qatar to investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and body composition among young females at Qatar University. This cross-sectional study consisted of 766 healthy female students Qatari and non-Qatari aged from 18-26 years randomly selected from different colleges at Qatar University. A validate questionnaire was used in order to collect data about healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns. Anthropometric measurements involved body weight, height, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI) and body composition using “Seca285”, “Seca203” and “InbodyBiospace 720”. Dietary patterns were identified by using factor loading. Linear regression was used to estimate confidence intervals and regression coefficient. More than half of the participants had a normal weight (65.1%), whereas 22.8 % and 12.0% were overweight and obese, respectively. Fat mass, BMI and PBF were slightly increased with age, but there was no significant difference. Factor analysis identified two dietary patterns: unhealthy patterns and healthy patterns. The frequent intake of vegetables and fruits was significant among high PBF female students (p=0.045 and p=0.001, respectively). The frequent intake of fast food was higher for overweight female students but there was no significant difference (p=0.289), whereas, the frequent intake of sweetened beverages was associated with higher significant rate of normal weight among female students (p = 0.009). No significant relation was found between dietary patterns, BMI and PBF. In conclusion, body composition is not significantly associated with healthy and unhealthy eating patterns among young females.

scholarly journals Predictors of COVID-19-Related Perceived Improvements in Dietary Health: Results from a US Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2097
Author(s):  
Kelly Cosgrove ◽  
Christopher Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Income Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Healthy Eating Habits ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Survey Responses

The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in substantial lifestyle changes. No US study has identified predictors of perceived dietary healthfulness changes during the pandemic period. This study included analyses of lifestyle and dietary healthfulness changes using 958 survey responses from US primary household food purchasers. Information was collected related to demographics, COVID-19-related household changes, and health-related habits before and during the pandemic. Binary logistic regression identified predictors of perceived increase in dietary healthfulness during the pandemic period. Overall, 59.8%, 16.4%, and 23.4% of participants reported that their eating habits likely changed, may have changed, and likely did not change, respectively. Of the participants whose dietary habits likely or may have changed, 64.1%, 16.8%, and 19% reported healthier, neither healthier nor less healthy, and less healthy eating habits, respectively. COVID-19-related income loss, more meals consumed with household members in front of the television, an increase in food advertisement exposure, increased perceived stress, and better perceived current health were significant predictors of a perceived increase in dietary healthfulness. Overall, dietary habits were perceived to become healthier during the pandemic. The predictors of perceived improvement in dietary healthfulness were surprising and indicate the need for further study of these factors in crisis and noncrisis situations.

scholarly journals Relationship between Dietary Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk in Korean Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 3703
Author(s):  
Ae-Rim Seo ◽  
Tae-Yoon Hwang
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Blood Pressure Level ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Healthy Diet ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure Level

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between dietary patterns and the 10-year risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the elderly population in Korea. Methods: Cluster analysis was conducted on the data of 1687 elderly participants (797 men and 890 women) aged ≥65 years from the 2014–2016 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), using a 24-h dietary recall survey to assess dietary patterns. Dietary patterns were classified into clusters 1 (typical Korean diet), 2 (high carbohydrate diet), and 3 (healthy diet). The 10-year risk of CVD was calculated based on age, total and HDL-cholesterol levels, systolic blood pressure level, antihypertensive medication use, smoking status, and presence of diabetes. A complex sample general linear model was applied to determine the association between dietary patterns and the 10-year risk of CVD. Results: In total, 275 (33.7%), 141 (17.9%), and 381 (48.3%) men, and 207 (22.6%), 276 (30.9%), and 407(46.6%) women were included in clusters 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The 10-year risk of CVD was lower in men in cluster 3 (healthy diet) than in those in cluster 1 (typical Korean diet) (t = 2.092, p = 0.037). Additionally, the 10-year risk of CVD was lower in men who performed strength training than in those who did not (t = 3.575, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in women. Conclusions: After adjusting for sociodemographic variables, men who consumed a healthy diet had a lower 10-year risk of CVD than those who consumed a typical Korean diet. When organizing nutrition education programs to improve dietary habits in the elderly, content on diets that consist of various food groups to prevent CVD is required. In particular, it is necessary to develop content that emphasizes the importance of healthy eating habits in men.

scholarly journals Patterns of Change in Dietary Habits and Physical Activity during Lockdown in Spain Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 300
Author(s):  
Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo ◽  
Marta Gianzo Citores ◽  
Gotzone Hervás Bárbara ◽  
Fátima Ruiz-Litago ◽  
Luis Casis Sáenz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Active Cluster

Background: Lockdown due to COVID-19 influenced food habits and lifestyles with potential negative health impact. This study aims to identify patterns of change in eating habits and physical activity during COVID-19 lockdown in Spain and to identify associations with sociodemographic factors and usual habits. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1155 adults recruited online to answer a 10-section questionnaire. The protocol assessed usual diet by means of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, usual physical activity (PA) and supplement use, dietary changes, sedentary time, PA, exposure to sunlight, sleep quality, and smoking during confinement. Patterns of dietary change were identified by factor analysis. Factor scores were included in cluster analysis together with change in PA. Results: Six patterns of dietary change were identified that together with PA changes during lockdown defined three clusters of lifestyle change: a cluster less active, a more active cluster, and a third cluster as active as usual. People who were usually less active were more likely to be classified in the cluster that increased physical activity in confinement. Scores of the Healthy Mediterranean-Style dietary pattern were higher in this group. Conclusions: Different patterns of change in lifestyles in confinement suggest the need to tailor support and advice to different population groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document