Exploring the Role of University-Run Enterprises in Technology Transfer from Chinese Universities

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 907-943
Author(s):  
Xibao Li ◽  
Justin Tan
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Transfer Performance ◽  
Technology Transfers ◽  
Entrepreneurial Culture ◽  
University Spinoffs ◽  
The University ◽  
University Scientists

ABSTRACTUniversities in China have increased their entrepreneurship significantly, yet a good understanding of the specific characteristics of university-based technology transfers remains missing. This study focuses on a special type of university spinoffs in China, University-Run Enterprises (UREs), and examines how URE eminence contributes to a university's technology transfer performance, using panel data covering 195 universities over the five years from 2002 to 2006. The findings reveal that URE eminence not only signifies a university's strong entrepreneurial culture, but also signals commercial values and quality of the university research. It moderates the contribution of university scientists from the supply side and that of sourcing firms from the demand side.

scholarly journals Theoretical and methodological basis for technology transfer from universities to the business environment

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 399-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliya I. Chukhray ◽  
Oleksandra Mrykhina
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Technology Transfers ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The University ◽  
Traditional Approaches

The modern concept of open innovation highlights the role of technology transfer from universities to the business environment. An increase in technology transfer efficiency is one of the tasks assigned to Ukrainian universities by the state. The nature of technology transfers in the world and the role of universities in this process call for revising traditional approaches to its production in Ukraine. This stipulated the substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles of technology transfer from universities to the business environment, which should serve as a fundamental platform for further economic, technological and other actions in the innovation development of Ukraine. For this purpose, the modern theoretical and applied components of technology transfer from universities to the business environment are researched; the theoretical and methodological principles of technology transfer are determined and the conceptual approach to understanding technology transfer from universities to the business environment is proved. To achieve the tasks at hand, the background and trends in technology transfer from universities to the business environment have been researched; the role of universities in modern technology transfers is analyzed; the peculiarities and potential of the scientific area of Ukraine are considered; the influence of university technology transfer centers on the universities’ academic entrepreneurship has been studied; the nature of knowledge transformation during the technology transfer is substantiated; the influence of technology transfer on the university subsystems is considered; the effects of technology transfer are investigated; models of interaction in the system “University – Governmental Authority – Business” are studied; and modern approaches to the technology transfer from universities to the business environment are researched. Given the research conducted, theoretical and methodological principles for technology transfer were formed, which conceptualize the technology transfer from universities to the business environment.

scholarly journals The role of the university in achieving SDGs 4 and 7: a Ukrainian case

2021 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 04006
Author(s):  
Artem Artyukhov ◽  
Iurii Volk ◽  
Tetyana Vasylieva ◽  
Serhiy Lyeonov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Combined Model ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
The University

This article deals with the development of the university activities model to ensure the quality of education and technology transfer (SDG 4) and to create a successful background in achieving SDG 7. We conduct an analysis of the literature on the achievement of SDGs through governmental instruments of influence, as well as the creation of effective university model ensuring the education quality and technology transfer. In addition, we demonstrate the role of the government in financing higher education in Ukraine. We also present the evaluation of the popularity of educational programs related to energy efficiency and a “clean” environment in Ukrainian universities after the adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The indicators of the use of various energy types by Ukraine are assessed, and a comparative analysis of these indicators with the data for EU-28 is performed. Based on the data presented, conclusions are drawn about the need to improve the quality of university training and to activate the university technology transfer. Successful practical approaches that can be of use for different higher education institutions are outlined. A combined model of quality assurance and technology transfer at the university is presented. An algorithm for testing the model and assessing the technological level of readiness for implementation is developed. The presented chain “combined model – model testing algorithm – determination of the technological level of readiness” is also assessed from the point of view of socio-economic impact on the main stakeholders. The use of the combined model lays background for the university’s own sustainable development as a tool for achieving SDGs.

Zmiana modelu zarządzania i nadzoru nad jakością kształcenia w szkolnictwie wyższym. Perspektywa doświadczeń Republiki Federalnej Niemiec

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-149
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Szewior
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
University Management ◽  
Strategic Partner ◽  
Higher Education Reforms ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Desk Research

The author focuses on the manner and effects of German higher education reforms that have changed the model of university management. The point of reference is the quality of education and its role, how universities ensure it, and how it is verified through evaluation and accreditation. These elements divide the article into two parts: a part about quality and a part about evaluation and accreditation. The analysis includes the impact of global processes and Europeanization. The research approach is characteristic for public policies, sciences of management and quality. The theories used in this article: the theory of systems and neo-institutionalism, as well as perspectives: the university as an active strategic partner, entrepreneurial university, the third role of universities. The publication is based on desk research and on the analysis of processes.

scholarly journals The Role of Strategic Thinking Patterns in the Quality of Administrative Decision Making

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ahlam Ibrahim Wali ◽  
Muzaffar Hamed Ali ◽  
Ahmed Azan Sharif
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Thinking ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Holistic Thinking ◽  
Descriptive Approach ◽  
University Leaders ◽  
The University ◽  
Diagnostic Thinking

The aim of the research is to identify the role of strategic thinking patterns (holistic, abstract, diagnostic, schematic) among the university leaders in the faculties of the University of Salahuddin / Erbil. In order to reach this goal, (The type of holistic thinking, the pattern of abstract thinking, the pattern of diagnostic thinking, the pattern of schematic thinking), while the third axis of the dependent variable relates to the quality of administrative decision making. The questionnaire was distributed to 100 respondents Aclasia and the meanings of the deans and heads of scientific departments, has been pursuing the analytical descriptive approach as a way to research was the use of statistical methods SPSS to get to the search results, and research found a set of results 1-There are levels of (types of strategic thinking and quality of administrative decision-making) among the university leaders in faculties of Salahuddin University / Erbil. 2-There is a positive positive relationship between all types of strategic thinking and the quality of administrative decision-making 3- There is a significant impact of the types of strategic thinking in the quality of administrative decision - making. Based on the findings, the researchers recommended that the university leaders at the university be given an interest in strategic thinking as an important factor in the quality of managerial decision making

scholarly journals Industrial Policy in Britain since 1970: Changing Values, Assumptions and Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-57
Author(s):  
Martin Chick
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Role Of Government ◽  
Market Inefficiency ◽  
Quality Of Supply ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract This article examines the change in the fundamental assumptions underpinning industrial policy from the mid-1970s in Britain. It necessarily contrasts the broadly supply-side concerns of industrial policy from the mid-1970s with the more demand-side concerns of the earlier ‘Golden Age’ period from 1945. Where in the earlier period the emphasis in industrial policy was on capital investment and the role of government in compensating for perceived market inefficiency, from the late 1970s this emphasis shifted to the need to improve the flexibility and quality of supply-side factors allied to a more optimistic view of the ability of the market to secure efficient outcomes.

scholarly journals Role of Prayers in Anxiety Management Among the Youth of Pakistan: An Exploratory Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-35
Author(s):  
Ghulam Shabir ◽  
Arif Ahmad ◽  
Imran Shah ◽  
Rana Faizan Ali
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
Anxiety Management ◽  
Management Method ◽  
The University

Background: Regular feelings of anxiety is a severe life and highly prevalent psychiatric disorder which becomes one of the major cause of death across the globe. Although the exact causes responsible for anxiety are not known only in Pakistan 44 % of the population is facing anxiety problems which leads to many other diseases and low quality of life. Objectives: To investigate whether the youth of Pakistan is facing anxiety problems, what are the major cause of anxiety, how anxiety can be managed, and to study the role of prayers in anxiety management.  Method: The researcher select 400 respondents from two universities of Lahore (the University of Central Punjab and Punjab University) through a systematic random sampling technique. In the first phase, the researcher filters those people who did not face an anxiety problem in the last month. Researchers collect data only from those respondents who can recall and face an anxiety problem in the last month. Results: Rate of anxiety among the youth of Pakistan is alarming, as (71 %) of the respondent said that they face anxiety problems. But there is a very significant relationship between prayers and anxiety management. Conclusion: The researcher concludes that prayers can be used to manage or reduce anxiety.

scholarly journals Prerequisites for the development of educational ecosystems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Е.Н. Прокофьева
Keyword(s):  
Pedagogical Practices ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Educational Organizations ◽  
Educational Strategies ◽  
Flexible Mechanism ◽  
Human Orientation ◽  
Human And Nature ◽  
The University

В современной методологии образования основным является подход «ориентация на человека», что порождает вектор экосистемности образования как новую норму образовательной деятельности. Сейчас только формируются и отрабатываются стратегии создания и развития образовательных экосистем и ее педагогических практик, как в цифровом пространстве, так и вне его. Обосновывается роль трансформационных процессов в научно-образовательной сфере, которые предопределяют необходимость формирования в вузах образовательных экосистем. В статье автор раскрывает предпосылки развития образовательной экосистемы с позиций реализации когнитивной парадигмы образования. Автором рассмотрены проблемы представления образовательных экосистем при отсутствии ориентира на гуманитаризацию обучения, недостаточно развитых системах управления, ориентире на человекоцентризм вместо человеко- и природосообразности. Представлен анализ результатов пилотного исследования факторов организации образовательных экосистем. Выделены основные ориентиры формирования образовательных экосистем. Описана сущность образовательной экосистемы через призму: отношений, педагогических взаимодействий, образовательной среды, ориентации на качество образования, образовательных стратегий и технологий. На основании выделенных предпосылок развития образовательных экосистем, делается вывод о том, что университетская экосистема – это гибкий механизм взаимодействия всех акторов образования, который позволяет своевременно и адекватно реагировать на внешние и внутренние изменения. Статья предназначена для педагогов, руководителей образовательных организаций, исследователей, занимающихся вопросами образовательной экосистемы. In the modern methodology of education, the main approach is "human orientation", which gives rise to the vector of ecosystem education as a new norm of educational activity. Strategies for the creation and development of educational ecosystems and its pedagogical practices both in the digital space and outside it are just being formed and worked out. The role of transformational processes in the scientific and educational sphere, which predetermine the need for the formation of educational ecosystems in universities, is substantiated. In the article, the author reveals the prerequisites for the development of the educational ecosystem from the standpoint of the implementation of the cognitive paradigm of education. The author considers the problems of representing educational ecosystems in the absence of a focus on the humanitarization of learning, insufficiently developed management systems, a focus on humanocentrism instead of human- and nature-conformity. The analysis of the results of a pilot study of the factors of the organization of educational ecosystems is presented. The main guidelines for the formation of educational ecosystems are highlighted. The essence of the educational ecosystem is described through the prism of: relationships, pedagogical interactions, educational environment, orientation to the quality of education, educational strategies and technologies. Based on the identified prerequisites for the development of educational ecosystems, it is concluded that the university ecosystem is a flexible mechanism for the interaction of all actors of education, which allows timely and adequate response to external and internal changes. The article is intended for teachers, heads of educational organizations, researchers dealing with the issues of the educational ecosystem.

scholarly journals On the History of the University Press in the 20s of the 20th Century

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 666-679
Author(s):  
Natalia Kodola
Keyword(s):  
State University ◽  
Educational Role ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of The University ◽  
The University ◽  
Moscow State University

The research analyzed the biography of the editors of the newspaper of the 2nd Moscow State University "Za Leninym" as well as their role in the management of the publication. We used archival documents of the 2nd Moscow State University which have not been studied before. The newspaper "Za Leninym" was published from 1926 to 1930. Its editors were students and employees of the 2nd Moscow State University. In the 1920s of the twentieth century university mass media were established. There was an acute shortage of professionals who could help the large-circulation press to reach a professional level. The study found that media played an important ideological, informative, and educational role. The newspaper "Za Leninym" was no exception. The leadership of the 2nd Moscow State University was genuinely interested in publishing a newspaper, the editorial board was appointed, the issues of the newspaper and the content of "Za Leninym" were repeatedly discussed. The role of newspaper editors in its development and improvement of the quality of the content of materials and layout was also crucial. Especially it is interesting to learn about the editors who really made a big contribution into science and in the history of the country (Y. Uranovsky, A. Bagdasarov, Y. Bugaysky). Thanks to the editors the newspaper which they wanted to close at its very beginning really took off and was being published regularly until 1930 under the name "Za Leninym", and since 1931 under the name "Kultarmeets".

scholarly journals The role of accounting information in the rationalization of expenditure policies on higher education to meet the labor market requirements of a field study of the University of Sirte: دور المعلومات المحاسبية في ترشيد سياسات الإنفاق على التعليم العالي للوفاء بمتطلبات سوق العمل: دراسة ميدانية جامعة سرت

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahabuddin Mohamed Ahmed - Taj Alsar on Ahmed Al Maqtese
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Quality Of Accounting Information ◽  
Statistical Program ◽  
Simple Regression Analysis ◽  
The University

   The study carried out to study bridge gap between higher education, and Community service. In addition, to highlight the output of higher education and its importance in fulfilling the requirements of the Libyan labor market, and examine policies to rationalize spending and the extent of its impacts on the quality of education output and suitability to the needs and requirements of the labor market in the future. The study relied on a method of descriptive statistical analysis to analyze the raw data obtained from the questionnaire using a statistical program (SPSS) to get to the results of the study premise and tested through correlation matrix and simple regression analysis The study resulted in the following findings: - - The university, like other public sector units to license its annual set of allocated to finance ongoing activities what you offer these units of accounting information funds. - Spending is not objective judgment on the efficiency due to the limited range of models and methods that are included in the plans in order to meet the requirements of the Libyan labor market. - The quality of accounting information to find a property in decisions making to contribute to the policy of fiscal spending on higher education as reflected positively on the economic return.

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