STUDY OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVENTORY CONTROL SYSTEM IN SEVERAL PHARMACIES IN KARANGASEM, BALI

The control of pharmaceutical products is one of the pharmaceutical services at the Pharmacy that is regulated in Permenkes RI No. 73 of 2016. The pharmacy control of each pharmacy must always apply the principles stated in the Good Pharmacy Practice (GPP) guidelines. GPP is a pharmaceutical practice that responds to the needs of people who use pharmacist services to provide optimal and evidence-based care. This study aims to determine the system of one of the pharmaceutical service standards, namely the control of pharmaceutical products in several pharmacies in Karangasem, Bali. This type of research is observational descriptive. Data retrieval is carried out in a retrospective manner related to the pharmaceutical product control system in the form of an order or procurement, dispensing, and handling system. Most pharmacies are researched to apply the same control system in the procurement and spending of pharmaceutical products. Only the pharmaceutical product system for handling parts has a slight difference in each pharmacy.

Chromato-mass-spectrometric research in Salvia grandiflora L., Salvia pratensis L. and Salvia verticillata L. aboveground organs

The genus Salvia L. has more than 900 species distributed throughout the globe. 21 species are growing in Ukraine. All species of this genus have essential oils. Salvia officinalis and Salvia sclarea have been used in the culture and are widely used in medical practice. The chemical composition of other species of sage and the possibility of their use in pharmaceutical and medical practice are almost not studied. Taking into account the results of chemotaxonomic studies of species of the flora genus of Ukraine, their prevalence and prospects for introduction into the culture, for further studies were selected raw materials of S. grandiflora, S. pratensis and S. verticillata. The aim. The aim of the study was to conduct a chromato-mass spectrometric study of the aboveground organs of S. grandiflora L., S. pratensis L. and S. verticillata L. to establish the prospects for the use of raw materials of these species in medical and pharmaceutical practice. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were leaves of S. officinalis, leaves, stems and flowers of S. grandiflora, S. pratensis and S. verticillata, which were harvested on the basis of the botanical garden of Ivan Franko National University of Lviv. The research of volatile substances in the objects of the research was carried out by the method of GC-MS on the basis of the Department of Natural Sciences for Foreign Students and Toxicological Chemistry of Zaporizhia State Medical University. Results. As a result of the study, 243 substances were found in the objects of the study, of which 149 were identified. 77 substances were found in the leaves of S. officinalis, 80, 26 and 63 substances in the leaves, stems and flowers of S. grandiflora, respectively, in the leaves , stems and flowers of S. pratensis – 28, 30 and 48 substances, respectively, in leaves, stems and flowers of S. verticillata – 39, 22 and 39 substances, respectively. Dominant compounds among substances of terpenoid nature are: cyclofenchene, camphene, 1,8-cineole, α-thujone, β-thujone, camphor borneol, caryophyllene, humulene, viridiflorol, sabinene, pyranone, β-pinene, phytol, kolavenol, β-copaen, loliolide, pseudolimonene and spatulenol. Among the dominant substances, 8 were detected for the first time in these species: cyclofenchene, viridiflorol, sabinene, pyranone, phytol, kolavenol, loliolide and pseudolimonene. Conclusions. The leaves of S. officinalis, leaves, stems and flowers of S. grandiflora, S. pratensis and S. verticillata of the flora of Ukraine were studied by chromato-mass spectrometric method. As a result of the study, 243 substances were identified, of which 149 were identified. Promising raw materials containing terpene compounds for S. grandiflora there are leaves, and for S. pratensis and S. verticillata – flowers, so they are promising agents for introduction into pharmaceutical practice

Research of the relationship between educational and professional programs of higher pharmaceutical education in Ukraine with the «Ten-star pharmacist» concept

Currently, the training of Masters of Pharmacy (MPh) in Ukraine is based on the competency model as a list of competencies and program learning outcomes according to academic disciplines, which is reflected in the educational and professional programs (EPP) institutions of higher pharmaceutical education (IHPhE). At the same time, MPh, as public trust workers, must have all professional roles (PR) in accordance with of the «ten-star pharmacist» concept. The aim of the study was to analyze the relationship between general (GC) and professional (PC) competencies of MPh and current PR according to the «ten-star pharmacist» concept. The materials of the study were EPP of twenty-two IHPhE that train masters in the specialty 226 «Pharmacy, industrial pharmacy». Methods of critical analysis, generalization, specification and interpretation of results are used. It was found that the lists of GC and PC differ in the analyzed EPP. It is determined that according to the presence of common GC IHPhE can be divided into three groups, while for PC there are six such groups. Significant differences in the formation of individual PR of future MPh due to acquisition them of different numbers of GC and PC are noted. It is established that in the studied EPP of twenty-two IHPhE for the preparation of masters in the specialty 226 «Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy» there are 15 GC and 35 PC. At the same time, the majority of GC (12 out of 15) and the minority of PC (16 out of 35) of the studied EPP are similar. Significant differences were found in the formation of the PR MPh, in particular, the analyzed GC do not sufficiently reflect PR a life-long-learner (only GC 4 in all groups and GC 15 in group Z). In PC, this picture is typical for PR a decision-maker (only PC 16 in all groups) and a teacher (PC 1 and 2 in all groups). It is shown that the lack of unified compliance of the studied EPP with PC will not contribute to the formation of MPh, adequate to pharmaceutical practice, and their acquisition of the necessary PR in accordance with the «ten-star pharmacist» concept.

LEARNING GOOD PHARMACEUTICAL PRACTICES AS A COMPONENT OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF PHARMACY SPECIALISTS

The article presents the results of the analysis of alternative methods of studying theGood Pharmaceutical Practice complex, introduced at the Lviv Polytechnic National University.The optimal structure of the curriculum for student’s education by the specialty 226 “Pharmacy,Industrial Pharmacy” was determined to improve the system of training of specialists,who need understand the current pharmaceutical legislation of Ukraine and prospects for itsdevelopment.Structural-and-logical schemas based on the Guidelines of Good Pharmaceutical Practicesthat greatly facilitate students’ perception and assimilation of all the needed informationhave been elaborated.The development of such schemes by students with teacher assistance allows to improvethe perception of the material and strengthen skills for independently analyzing. While performingthe task, students to learn and understand certain aspects, such as the fact that the quality ofthe medicines is “incorporated” into the drug at the stage of pharmaceutical development, andthen confirmed during preclinical and clinical research. Further, the medicine receives a “permitto life”, when passing state registration. After that, the specified quality is reproduced for eachseries at the stage of full-scale pharmaceutical manufacturing, it is maintained unchanged at thestages of storage and distribution and, finally, it is delivered to patients in pharmacies. The study of the possibility of mastering the discipline “Good Practices in Pharmaceutics”by students of specialty 226 “Pharmacy, Industrial Pharmacy” during the practice at theexisting pharmaceutical enterprises can be considered perspective.

Perspective of pharmaceutical practice in adrenal insufficiency: An integrative review

An integrating review of the literature about the perspectives of the pharmaceutical practices in Adrenal Insufficiency (AI) was carried out. Researches were done on the LILACS database, Medline (Pubmed), and Scientific Electronic Library OnLine-SCIELO. Articles published between January 2007 and February 2021, written in Portuguese, English, and Spanish, were included. A total of 43 articles were selected to compose the review. A great deal of the studies considers patient education fundamental for the treatment and AI control. Among the education measures found in these studies, which can subside the service routines are: guidelines on the precipitating factors, signs and disease symptoms, dose adjustment, drug interaction, and condition identification cards. Relevant interventions of clinic management reported hospital discharge plans, management of AI acute and chronic phases, home care management, and routine outpatient follow-up. For an effective self-care support system, patient-centered assistance must be the core of the health care standards model. The review establishes that the AI patient follow-up must be performed regularly by a multidisciplinary team. It also allowed the identification of health measures that a pharmacist integrated with the healthcare team should perform.

Exploring pharmaceutical communication

George Winter examines the importance of effective communication within pharmaceutical practice, drawing upon papers that explore the role of language within patient care

The situation of the management of private medical and pharmaceutical practice in Mong Cai city, Quang Ninh province by 2020

A cross-sectional descriptive survey aimed to demonstrate the current situation of the management of private pharmaceutical and medical practice in Mong Cai city, Quang Ninh province in 2020. The findings show that a total of 107 health workers those who are responsible for managing this job in the areas surveyed. There were 16 visits of inspection conducted by the competent agencies of private medical and pharmaceutical practice management from January to October 2020. 13 of which were found in violations at the inspected facilities. Through inspections, "practice beyond scope of expertise” is an error of violation found the most (accounting for 22.2%). All of these private practicing institutions (100%) met the condition of physical foundations. From the above survey results, the state management of private medical and pharmaceutical institutions should be intensified.

Pozycja społeczno-zawodowa farmaceutów pracowników w Polsce (1918–1939) – teoria a praktyka

Socio-professional Position of Pharmacy Employees in Poland (1918–1939) – Theory and Practice The article aims to depict the socio-professional position of pharmacy employees in the Second Polish Republic (1918–1939) and the factors which influenced their status. In the interwar period, reforms of the pharmacists’ education system were implemented, the office of the provincial pharmaceutical inspector was introduced, and bills were adopted to settle the particulars of the profession. Thus, the foundations were created to depart from the former semi-artisanal character of pharmaceutical practice towards an academic and independent profession. This had a positive impact on the social and professional position of pharmacy employees. In theory, they were equal to their employers and representatives of other liberal professions. However, the reforms had awakened their ambitions and expectations. The reality was different, especially during the great economic crisis (1929–1933/35). The salaries of professional pharmacy personnel, especially in the eastern provinces, were not high. Instead of sufficient remuneration, people were still offered – as in the 19th century – housing and board at a pharmacy. The burning problem was unemployment, and the employers did not respect the working time regulations. All this frustrated the employees. Their presumably high socio-professional status was not always reflected in real life.