Contribution of small mammal taphonomy to the last Neanderthal occupations at the El Salt site (Alcoi, southeastern Spain)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
María Dolores Marin-Monfort ◽  
Ana Fagoaga ◽  
Sara García-Morato ◽  
Francisco Javier Ruíz Sánchez ◽  
Carolina Mallol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
Bubo Bubo ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Eagle Owl ◽  
Opportunistic Predator ◽  
Fossil Site ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Athene Noctua ◽  
And Behavior

Abstract The El Salt site (Alcoi, Alicante, Spain) is one of the latest Neanderthal sites in the south-eastern Iberian Peninsula. The disappearance of this human group is controversial and needs detailed studies from different research areas. Taphonomy is essential to establish how representative is a fossil assemblage of the past living organisms that produced it and to interpret the formation process of the fossil site. In the case of El Salt, we have analyzed the micromammal assemblages of Units X and V, which contain fossils of Neanderthals and/or evidence of their activity. In contrast with previous identifications of the little owl (Athene noctua), our detailed taphonomic study shown here allows us to conclude that the main predator involved in the production of the micromammal assemblages was the European eagle owl (Bubo bubo). This is an opportunistic predator whose feeding preferences and behavior reflect the abundance of local micromammalian species, which can therefore provide a representation of past ecosystems near El Salt. The taphonomic information provided by this study also indicates the absence of transport and reworking processes, and reinforces previous paleoecological interpretations, suggesting an increase of aridity at the top of El Salt sequence that coincided with the local disappearance of Neanderthals.

Temporal Focus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abbie J. Shipp
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Psychology Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Future ◽  
Behavior Based ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Temporal Focus

Temporal focus is the individual tendency to characteristically think more or less about the past, present, and future. Although originally rooted in early work from psychology, research on temporal focus has been steadily growing in a number of research areas, particularly since Zimbardo and Boyd’s (1999) influential article on the topic. This chapter will review temporal focus research from the past to the present, including how temporal focus has been conceptualized and measured, and which correlates and outcomes have been tested in terms of well-being and behavior. Based on this review, an agenda for research is created to direct temporal focus research in the future.

Brains as Engines of Association

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale Purves
Keyword(s):  
Neural Systems ◽  
Neural Function ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Nervous Systems ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sensing Systems ◽  
Lifetime Experience ◽  
Survival And Reproduction ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
And Behavior

Brains as Engines of Association seeks an operating principle of the human brain and is divided into four parts. The first part (“What Nervous Systems Do for Animals”) is intended to set the stage for understanding the emergence of neural systems as promoting what all organisms must accomplish: survival and reproduction. The second part (“Neural Systems as Engines of Association”) lays out the general argument that biological sensing systems face a daunting problem: they cannot measure the parameters of the world in the way physical instruments can. As a result, nervous systems must make and update associations (synaptic connections) on the basis of empirical success or failure over both evolutionary and individual time. The third part (“Evidence that Neural Systems Operate Empirically”) reviews evidence accumulated over the past 20 years that supports this interpretation in vision and audition, the sensory systems that have been most studied from this or any other perspective. Finally, the fourth part (“Alternative Concepts of Neural Function”) considers the pros and cons of other interpretations of how brains operate. The overarching theme is that the nervous systems of humans and every other animal operate on the basis associations between stimuli and behavior made by trial and error over species and lifetime experience.

Does prey abundance affect prey size selection by the Eagle Owl (Bubo bubo)?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Tobajas ◽  
Carlos Rouco ◽  
Javier Fernandez-de-Simon ◽  
Francisco Díaz-Ruiz ◽  
Francisca Castro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prey Size ◽  
Prey Abundance ◽  
Bubo Bubo ◽  
Size Selection ◽  
Eagle Owl

Authentic leadership and follower’s role ethnicality: the role of leader’s ethical voice and ethical culture

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Asim Faheem ◽  
Ishfaq Ahmed ◽  
Insya Ain ◽  
Zanaira Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Authentic Leadership ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Moderated Mediation ◽  
Ethical Culture ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Work Demand ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Behavior

Purpose The ethical issues arising at work demand the role of both leader and employees, but how both the levels are linked in determining the ethical responses is an area that has not gained due attention in the past. Against this backdrop, this study aims to address the influence of a leader’s authenticity and ethical voice on ethical culture and the role ethicality of followers. Design/methodology/approach Survey design has been used, and a questionnaire is used to elicit the responses. In total, 381 filled questionnaires were used for data analysis. Findings The findings of this study highlight the role of authentic leadership in predicting the role ethicality of followers both directly and through the mediation of ethical culture. Furthermore, a leader’s ethical voice strengthens the authentic leadership and outcome relationships (with ethical culture and followers’ role ethicality). The moderated-mediation mechanism has proved as the leaders’ voice foster the indirect mechanism. Originality/value There is a dearth of literature that has focused on leadership traits (authenticity) and behavior (ethical voice) in predicting the followers’ outcomes (perceptions – ethical culture and behaviors – role ethicality). The moderated-mediation mechanism has been unattended in the past.

The Case for Post-Modern Management Accounting: Thinking Outside the Box

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob G. Birnberg
Keyword(s):  
Education Research ◽  
Business Education ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Modern Management ◽  
Accounting Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Problems Of Practice ◽  
New Research ◽  
Outside The Box

ABSTRACT: I argue that the time has come for management accounting researchers to again consider the orientation of our research. Over the past several decades, the focus of research in management accounting has evolved. Initially, research was heavily influenced by the needs of practice. After the Ford Foundation's initiative to professionalize business education, research became more and more theoretical and inward-facing. At a time when practice is in need of assistance, our current focus has led to research that is primarily intended to enhance current models rather than assist in solving the problems of practice. After arguing that there is a need for a change, I offer several examples of new research areas where management accounting research could assist practice.

scholarly journals Brood-switching in Eagle Owl Bubo bubo fledglings

Ibis ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 150 (4) ◽  
pp. 816-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
VINCENZO PENTERIANI ◽  
MARÍA DEL MAR DELGADO
Keyword(s):  
Bubo Bubo ◽  
Eagle Owl

Philosophy of Neuroscience

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adina L. Roskies ◽  
Carl F. Craver
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Philosophy Of Neuroscience ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Rich Material ◽  
The Mind ◽  
The Brain

The experimental study of the brain has exploded in the past several decades, providing rich material for both philosophers of science and philosophers of mind. In this chapter, the authors summarize some central research areas in philosophy of neuroscience. Some of these areas focus on the internal practice of neuroscience, that is, on the assumptions underlying experimental techniques, the accepted structures of explanations, the goals of integrating disciplines, and the possibility of a unified science of the mind-brain. Other areas focus outwards on the potential impact that neuroscience is having on our conception of the mind and its place in nature.

scholarly journals Integrated Knowledge Transfer and Exchange: An Organizational Approach for Stakeholder Engagement and Communications

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwayne Van Eerd ◽  
Ron Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Research Process ◽  
User Engagement ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Knowledge Transfer And Exchange ◽  
Key Concepts

Knowledge transfer and exchange (KTE) is a process of making relevant research information available and accessible for use in practice or policy. Integrated KTE, where knowledge users are engaged in the research process, is considered to better facilitate uptake and use. The objective of this paper is to describe a fully integrated KTE approach developed over the past 20 years. Key concepts related to knowledge user engagement as well as the integration of communications within KTE are described. The organizational KTE approach is flexible and can be adapted to a variety of research areas.

scholarly journals Changes in the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) population in Czechia and their association with legal protection

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
Jan Andreska ◽  
Dominik Andreska
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Birds Of Prey ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
Nature Protection ◽  
Predator Species ◽  
Bubo Bubo ◽  
Eagle Owl ◽  
Live Bait

Abstract The article deals with trends in the Eurasian eagle-owl (Bubo bubo) population in Czechia and the interplay between legal regulation of hunting and nature protection. In the early 20th century, the eagle-owl population in Bohemia decreased to an estimated 20 nesting pairs, and the population in Moravia and Silesia was subsequently estimated to be similarly low. In previous centuries, eagle-owls had been persecuted as pest animals; additionally, their chicks were picked from nests to be kept by hunters for the eagle-owl lure hunting method (“výrovka” in Czech), where they were used as live bait to attract corvids and birds of prey, which were subsequently killed by shooting. As soon as the state of the eagle-owl population was established in the 1900s, the effort to save the autochthonous eagle-owl population commenced. Nevertheless, when eagle-owls became legally protected from killing in the 1930s, the eagle-owl lure hunting method was not prohibited. The intensified use of this hunting method in the 1950s was accompanied by serious decline in the populations of birds of prey in the Czech countryside, when tens of thousands of Eurasian sparrowhawks (Accipiter nisus), northern goshawks (Accipiter gentilis), common buzzards (Buteo buteo) and rough-legged buzzards (B. lagopus) were killed on a yearly basis. The usage of eagle-owl chicks in lure hunting was criticised by ornithologists concerned with the conservation of birds of prey. The eagle-owl thus became a subject of more general debate on the role of predators in nature, and this debate (albeit regarding other predator species) has continued to the present-day. As the eagle-owl population has been growing steadily following the prohibition of its killing in the 1930s, its story may serve as an example of the need for effective legal protection of predators to ensure their survival in the intensively exploited central-European environment. The article examines the successful preserving of the eagle-owl in the Czech countryside, from its low point in the early 20th century towards today’s stable and ever-increasing population, focusing on environmental, conservationist, legal and societal aspects of the issue.

scholarly journals Behavior and Energy Losses of Cows during the Period of Low Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
Oleksandr O. Borshch ◽  
Oleksandr V. Borshch ◽  
Yurii Mashkin ◽  
Vasyl Malina ◽  
Maxim Fedorchenko
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Heat Insulation ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
The Past ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Moderate Climate

Over the past 20 years, dairy farms in Ukraine have been actively introducing the keeping of cows in easy-to-assemble premises. However, in a moderate climate (with four distinct year seasons), the issues of microclimate, energy losses of animals and their behavior during the cold period of the year for keeping in such premises have not been fully studied. The purpose of this work was to study the influence of the heat insulation elements use of side curtains in easy-to-assemble premises during the period of low temperatures on microclimate, energy outgoings for thermoregulation and behavior of cows. The research conducted in the central part of Ukraine (Kyiv region). The research was conducted during January-February (29-43 days of the year) 2021. This period characterized by low average daily temperatures of -12.2– -18.7°С, strong wind gusts and daily precipitation in the form of snow. Two easy-toassemble premises for 400 heads were used for research. Parameters of placements (LxWxH): 150х32х10.5 m. The first one was without the use of curtains heat insulation elements, and the second one was with these elements of heat insulation. It was found that the use of polycarbonate wall heat insulation elements had a positive effect on the microclimate in the placement during the period of low temperatures. Indicators of average daily air temperatures in the placement were 3.2 and 8.8°C higher compared to the temperature in the same premise without the use of heat insulation elements and the environment. The wind speed also differed by 0.18 and 11.04 m/s, respectively. In addition, the heat insulation of the walls affected the temperature under the lying cow (+1.8°C), energy outgoings for thermoregulation (-1.93 MJ) and the number of cows that lay in the period of the lowest temperatures (+3.23-9.83%) compared to the placement without heat insulation elements. The difference in temperature of rubber carpet in the compared premises was significant: +3.3°C in the premises with heat insulation elements compared to the premises without heat insulation

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document