A Note on the Bayesian Modeling of the Stratigraphic Chronology of Canímar Abajo, Cuba

Radiocarbon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 1001-1011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Philippe ◽  
Marie-Anne Vibet
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Posterior Distribution ◽  
Bayesian Modeling ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Marginal Posterior Distribution ◽  
Joint Posterior Distribution

AbstractWe implement a Bayesian statistical analysis of the chronology of Canímar Abajo in Cuba in order to estimate two episodes of burial activity and the period of time corresponding to the hiatus between them. We show that by using simple Bayesian modeling, conclusions can easily be reached by the analysis of the marginal posterior distribution of each parameter of the model. However, we also suggest and describe new statistical tools that exploit the joint posterior distribution of collections of dates. These new tools give complementary information regarding the chronology of human activity.

Risks of Using Statistical Analysis Tools in Project Management Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Brian J. Galli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Project Management ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Systematic Search ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to examine the risks of using statistical tools in a project basis. A systematic search of certain academic databases has been conducted for this study. Statistical tools could be used in a project, and they should be properly planned and designed. Statistical tools include major activities, such as collecting and analyzing data, providing meaningful interpretation, and reporting findings. When dealing with statistical tools, there are several risks that may exist and impact the project either positively or negatively. This study covers a brief outline of the risk management, statistical tools, and the relationship between the two concepts. Finally, a discussion of the common type of risks that are initiated by using statistical analysis tools are provided, which could be planned, identified, and analyzed in the early stages of the project.

The Maple Syrup Problem Revisited: MCMC with Gibbs Sampling

2019 ◽  
pp. 247-266
Author(s):  
Therese M. Donovan ◽  
Ruth M. Mickey
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Gibbs Sampling ◽  
Posterior Distribution ◽  
Unknown Parameter ◽  
The Other ◽  
Sampling Step ◽  
Maple Syrup ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
Special Case ◽  
Joint Posterior Distribution

This chapter introduces Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) with Gibbs sampling, revisiting the “Maple Syrup Problem” of Chapter 12, where the goal was to estimate the two parameters of a normal distribution, μ‎ and σ‎. Chapter 12 used the normal-normal conjugate to derive the posterior distribution for the unknown parameter μ‎; the parameter σ‎ was assumed to be known. This chapter uses MCMC with Gibbs sampling to estimate the joint posterior distribution of both μ‎ and σ‎. Gibbs sampling is a special case of the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm. The chapter describes MCMC with Gibbs sampling step by step, which requires (1) computing the posterior distribution of a given parameter, conditional on the value of the other parameter, and (2) drawing a sample from the posterior distribution. In this chapter, Gibbs sampling makes use of the conjugate solutions to decompose the joint posterior distribution into full conditional distributions for each parameter.

scholarly journals An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Statistical Tools in Project Management Environments

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Brian J. Galli
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Project Managers ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

Projects are very important to all organizations, as project managers view various issues in the organization from a higher perspective. The conclusions drawn from these projects determine the base on which various decisions affecting the organizations will be made. This paper introduces the statistical analysis tools used in various project environments to differentiate between the effective and ineffective tools of statistical analysis. Statistical analysis tools are useful in analyzing data collected for a study to be conducted on the same data. The literature review illustrates how statistical analysis tools have been effective and useful to researchers. Over time, more effective statistical tools will be invented that will improve the process of data analysis. The findings on different statistical analysis tools will also be highlighted. Thus, the discussions show the impact, applications, and lessons learned from the statistical analysis tools by the project managers and engineers. The study will also present the limitations, along with the conclusions and recommendations.

scholarly journals Bayesian Augmented Clinical Trials in TB Therapeutic Vaccination

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Kiagias ◽  
Giulia Russo ◽  
Giuseppe Sgroi ◽  
Francesco Pappalardo ◽  
Miguel A. Juárez
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Posterior Distribution ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Therapeutic Vaccination ◽  
Virtual Patients ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical ◽  
Bayesian Hierarchical Method ◽  
Joint Posterior Distribution

We propose a Bayesian hierarchical method for combining in silico and in vivo data onto an augmented clinical trial with binary end points. The joint posterior distribution from the in silico experiment is treated as a prior, weighted by a measure of compatibility of the shared characteristics with the in vivo data. We also formalise the contribution and impact of in silico information in the augmented trial. We illustrate our approach to inference with in silico data from the UISS-TB simulator, a bespoke simulator of virtual patients with tuberculosis infection, and synthetic physical patients from a clinical trial.

scholarly journals KUALITAS INFORMASI AKUNTANSI PADA BAITUL MAAL WAT TAMWIL DI MALANG RAYA

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Ria Saifulloh
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Quantitative Approach ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
A Company ◽  
Qualitative Characteristics

<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>Accounting informatian is a tool that can help the management of a company especially BMT in Malang in running the company properly and continuously. Thus, it must be supported with good quality of accounting informatian. Quality information can be obtained by referring to the standard of the qualitative characteristics of financial statements. This study uses a quantitative approach with descriptive methods. The object of research were 10 BMTs in which each BMT was given questionnaires and interviews. After the questionnaire data was obtained, it was processed and analyzed with the help of SPSS 16 statistical tools. The results showed that there are significant effect between the qualitative characteristics of accounting informatian which is understandable, relevant, reliable and comparable to the quality of accounting informatian on BMT Greater Malang. This is due to the respondents from each BMT also have the ability in economics and accounting as an undergraduate so that what is presented in the accounting informatian is already qualified and is in accordance with the results of the statistical analysis by SPSS. It can be concluded that the quality of accounting informatian on BMT in Greater Malang is quite good because it has met the qualitative characteristics of accounting informatian.</p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong></p><p>Informasi Akuntansi merupakan alat yang dapat membantu manajemen suatu perusahaan khususnya BMT di Malang dalam menjalankan perusahaannya dengan baik dan berkesinambungan. Maka dari itu harus didukung dengan kualitas informasi akuntansi yang baik. Kualitas informasi bisa didapat dengan mengacu standar dari karakteristik kualitatif laporan keuangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan metode deskriptif. Objek penelitian sebanyak 10 BMT dengan masing-masing BMT disebar kuisioner dan wawancara. Kemudian setelah data kuesioner diperoleh akan diproses dan dianalisis data dengan bantuan alat statistik yaitu SPSS 16. Dari hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh antara karakteristik kualitatif informasi akuntansi yaitu dapat dipahami, relevan, dapat diandalkan dan dapat dibandingkan terhadap kualitas informasi akuntansi pada BMT Malang Raya. Hal ini disebabkan responden dari masing-masing BMT juga memiliki kemampuan ekonomi dan akuntansi sebagai seorang sarjana sehingga apa yang disampaikan dalam informasi akuntansi sudah berkualitas dan sesuai dengan hasil dari analisis statistik SPSS. Dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa kualitas informasi akuntansi pada BMT di Malang tergolong baik karena sudah memenuhi karakteristik kualitatif informasi akuntansi.</p>

The Need for “Complementary Information” in the Medical Computer File

1978 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 247-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Lahaye ◽  
D. Roosels ◽  
J. Viaene
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computer File ◽  
Complementary Information ◽  
Batch Systems ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Medical Computer ◽  
Complete Exclusion ◽  
The Individual

The use by the physician of the possibility to add complementary information (C. I.) to each question of a computer file has been analysed using both »APL« and »batch« systems.The analysis of the frequency of use of C.I. by APL leads to the following conclusions: There exist great differences between several physicians in the interpretation of some questions, the ratio of C. I. utilisation frequency reaching in some cases 2:1. This seems clue to the individual »intuitive« approach in each medical examination. The fact that the C. I. is not always filled in at the same place makes this information worthless for statistical analysis.The analysis of the content of the C. I. using the »batch« system makes it possible to identify the questions for which a better instruction of the physician is needed on one hand, and those for which a correction of the question text is necessary on the other hand. The authors think that the complete exclusion of a C. I. possibility is not practicable.

Statistical Tools and Methods Used in Works Published in “Folia Turistica” between 1990-2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-6
Author(s):  
Stanisław Matusik
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Numerical Data ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Graphic Presentation ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Tools And Methods

Purpose. The aim of the study was to discuss the use of tools and methods of statistical analysis, as well as forms of graphic presentation of results obtained in articles published in “Folia Turistica” during the last 30 years of its history. Method. The basic method was a review of all articles in terms of the use of statistical methods applied in scientific papers published in “Folia Turistica” in the years 1990 - 2018 (volumes 1- 49). Findings. Out of 486 articles published in 49 volumes of “Folia Turistica” from 1990-2018, 31% used statistical tools and methods. The graphic presentation of analysis of results can be found in 78 articles (including 12 publications with prepared maps), the use of statistical tests in 35 articles, and the use of multi-dimensional statistical methods in 28 articles. An important part of the works are methodological publications. The authors used statistical parametric and non-parametric tests, linear and non-linear regression models, taxonomic and factor analysis and (in individual cases) relatively rare tests, including those related to spatial analyses (I-Moran and Isard coefficient). Research and conclusions limitations. The work concerns the use of statistical tools and methods in scientific articles in “Folia Turistica” issue No. 1-49. In some works, there was no verification of the applicability assumptions of selected statistical tools or justification for their selection, or the purposes of the research were too general. Practical implications. The indicated tools and methods of statistical analysis may be inspiration for authors and readers of scientific papers in the preparation of numerical data and forms of their presentation. Originality. Meta-analysis was prepared on the occasion of the anniversary edition of the 50th issue of “Folia Turistica”. Type of paper. The article is a review.

scholarly journals Autopsy and Statistical Evidence of Disturbed Hemostasis Progress in COVID-19: Medical Records from 407 Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiebin Jiang ◽  
Bo Lv ◽  
Hongxia Liu ◽  
Shiwen He ◽  
Guogang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Multiple Organs ◽  
Autopsy Data ◽  
Discharge Status ◽  
Critical Patients ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background: The progression of coagulation in COVID-19 patients with confirmed discharge status and the combination of autopsy with complete hemostasis parameters have not been well studied. Objective : To clarify the thrombotic phenomena and hemostasis state in COVID-19 patients based on epidemiological statistics combining autopsy and statistical analysis. Methods: Using autopsy results from 9 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and the medical records of 407 patients, including 39 deceased patients whose discharge status was certain, time-sequential changes in 11 relevant indices within mild, severe and critical infection throughout hospitalization according to the Chinese National Health Commission (NHC) guidelines were evaluated. Statistical tools were applied to calculate the importance of 11 indices and the correlation between those indices and the severity of COVID-19. Results: At the beginning of hospitalization, platelet (PLT) counts were significantly reduced in critically ill patients compared with severely or mildly ill patients. Blood glucose (GLU), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and D-dimer levels in critical patients were increased compared with mild and severe patients during the entire admission period. The International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) score was also high in critical patients. In the relatively late stage of nonsurvivors, the temporal changes in PLT count, PT, and D-dimer levels were significantly different from those in survivors. A random forest model indicated that the most important feature was PT followed by D-dimer, indicating their positive associations with disease severity. Autopsy data from 9 deceased patients also revealed DIC phenomena with prolonged PT, APTT, lower PLT count and thrombosis in multiple organs. Conclusions: Combining autopsy data, time-sequential changes and statistical methods to explore hemostasis-relevant indices among the different severities of the disease helps guide therapy and detect prognosis in COVID-19 infection.

scholarly journals Impact of Teacher’s Attitudes on Academic Achievement of Students in Mathematics

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-28
Author(s):  
Kaleem Ullah ◽  
Sareer Badshah ◽  
Hina Qamar
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Teaching Method ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Teaching Material ◽  
Statistical Tools ◽  
Academic Achievements ◽  
Achievement In Mathematics

This study is conducted to find out the factor related to teacher which may contribute to the students` achievement in mathematics. For this purpose, a sample of 605 students is collected from 14 departments of different educational institutions in Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Furthermore, the data is collected from BS, 5th semester except form department of mathematics. Data is analysed through the SPSS version 20. Data is subjected to statistical analysis using various statistical tools including descriptive statistic, t-test for independent sample, odd-ratio and binary logistic regression. Findings reveal that teaching method of the teacher has a significant impact, the value of teacher’s attitude in the class is also highly significant, teacher delivery of lecture in understandable language value shows a significant impact on students achievement in Mathematics and teacher motivated in mathematics learning’s value also shows the high significant result. The value of providing teaching material is also significant. Findings also shows that teachers take interactive class, adopt positive attitude, use understandable language, motivate and provide teaching material contribute to students` academic achievements. 

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