Savage numbers and the evolution of civilization in Victorian prehistory

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL J. BARANY
Keyword(s):  
Human Sciences ◽  
Scientific Racism ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Victorian Science

AbstractThis paper identifies ‘savage numbers’ – number-like or number-replacing concepts and practices attributed to peoples viewed as civilizationally inferior – as a crucial and hitherto unrecognized body of evidence in the first two decades of the Victorian science of prehistory. It traces the changing and often ambivalent status of savage numbers in the period after the 1858–1859 ‘time revolution’ in the human sciences by following successive reappropriations of an iconic 1853 story from Francis Galton's African travels. In response to a fundamental lack of physical evidence concerning prehistoric men, savage numbers offered a readily available body of data that helped scholars envisage great extremes of civilizational lowliness in a way that was at once analysable and comparable, and anecdotes like Galton's made those data vivid and compelling. Moreover, they provided a simple and direct means of conceiving of the progressive scale of civilizational development, uniting societies and races past and present, at the heart of Victorian scientific racism.

scholarly journals O crânio-celebridade: Antônio Conselheiro e o fracasso da degeneração racial | The infamous skull: Antônio Conselheiro and the failure of racial degeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-68
Author(s):  
Isabela Fraga
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Late Nineteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Racism ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Human Psyche ◽  
Late Nineteenth ◽  
Euclides Da Cunha ◽  
Perfectly Normal

ResumoEste ensaio examina a sobrevida textual de uma cabeça — a de Antônio Vicente Mendes Maciel, o Antônio Conselheiro (1830-1897), a partir de sua morte na Guerra de Canudos (1896-1897). Traçam-se as figurações do crânio de Conselheiro na imprensa brasileira do fim do século XIX e nos trabalhos do médico legista Raimundo Nina Rodrigues e do engenheiro e escritor Euclides da Cunha. Embora ambos esperassem que o crânio de Conselheiro apresentasse evidências físicas de degeneração racial, as observações craniométricas de Nina Rodrigues revelaram um crânio normal. Argumenta-se que esse fracasso da aproximação materialista à psique humana deu proeminência a explicações sociológicas para o fenômeno de Canudos, além de levantar questões sobre visibilidade, raça e racismo científico na virada do século XX e no mundo contemporâneo.Palavras-chave: Raça. Psiquiatria. Guerra de Canudos. Antropologia criminal. AbstractThis essay examines the textual afterlife of a head—that of Antônio Vicente Mendes Maciel (Antônio Conselheiro [1830-1897]), after his death in the Canudos War (1896-1897). It traces figurations of Conselheiro’s skull in the late nineteenth-century Brazilian press and in the works of Raimundo Nina Rodrigues and Euclides da Cunha. Although these two social scientists expected Conselheiro’s skull to display physical evidence of racial degeneration, Nina Rodrigues’s craniometric measurements and observations revealed a perfectly normal skull. It is argued that this failure of a materialist approach to the human psyche allowed a stronger reliance on sociological explanations for the Canudos phenomenon that opens up questions on scientific racism and the visibility of race in the turn of the twentieth century and in contemporary times.Keywords: Race. Psychiatry. Canudos War. Criminal Anthropology. 

Use of SEM, X-ray analysis and TEM to localize Fe3+ reduction in roots

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 392-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
William P. Wergin ◽  
P. F. Bell ◽  
Rufus L. Chaney
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Root Hairs ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Young Root ◽  
Insoluble Precipitate ◽  
Uptake And Transport ◽  
Scanning Electron

In dicotyledons, Fe3+ must be reduced to Fe2+ before uptake and transport of this essential macronutrient can occur. Ambler et al demonstrated that reduction along the root could be observed by the formation of a stain, Prussian blue (PB), Fe4 [Fe(CN)6]3 n H2O (where n = 14-16). This stain, which is an insoluble precipitate, forms at the reduction site when the nutrient solution contains Fe3+ and ferricyanide. In 1972, Chaney et al proposed a model which suggested that the Fe3+ reduction site occurred outside the cell membrane; however, no physical evidence to support the model was presented at that time. A more recent study using the PB stain indicates that rapid reduction of Fe3+ occurs in a region of the root containing young root hairs. Furthermore the most pronounced activity occurs in plants that are deficient in Fe. To more precisely localize the site of Fe3+ reduction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), x-ray analysis, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were utilized to examine the distribution of the PB precipitate that was induced to form in roots.

Faktor-Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Keputusan Mahasiswa Memilih Program Studi Kebidanan STIKES Muhammadiyah Ciamis Tahun 2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-82
Author(s):  
Evi Mariana
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Stratified Random Sampling ◽  
Price Promotion ◽  
F Test ◽  
Physical Evidence

The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors that influence the decisionof the students chose to study in Obstetrics Prodi STIKES Muhammadiyah Ciamis and analyze the factors that most influence the decision of the students chose to study in Obstetrics Prodi STIKES Muhammadiyah Ciamis. Collecting data in this study was conducted using a survey by questionnaire to 114 students by stratified random sampling method. Methods of data analysis using multiple linear regression, F test and test T. The result is a marketing mix that significantly is the product, place, and physical evidence. And that does not affect the marketing mix is price, promotion, place, and processes

O tym, co minęło, lecz nie zostało zapomniane: Badania archeologiczne na terenie byłego obozu zagłady w Treblince

2012 ◽  
pp. 83-118
Author(s):  
Caroline Sturdy Colls
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Mass Graves ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Analysis ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Answering Questions

Public impression of the Holocaust is unquestionably centred on knowledge about, and the image of, Auschwitz-Birkenau – the gas chambers, the crematoria, the systematic and industrialized killing of victims. Conversely, knowledge of the former extermination camp at Treblinka, which stands in stark contrast in terms of the visible evidence that survives pertaining to it, is less embedded in general public consciousness. As this paper argues, the contrasting level of knowledge about Auschwitz- Birkenau and Treblinka is centred upon the belief that physical evidence of the camps only survives when it is visible and above-ground. The perception of Treblinka as having been “destroyed” by the Nazis, and the belief that the bodies of all of the victims were cremated without trace, has resulted in a lack of investigation aimed at answering questions about the extent and nature of the camp, and the locations of mass graves and cremation pits. This paper discusses the evidence that demonstrates that traces of the camp do survive. It outlines how archival research and non-invasive archaeological survey has been used to re-evaluate the physical evidence pertaining to Treblinka in a way that respects Jewish Halacha Law. As well as facilitating spatial and temporal analysis of the former extermination camp, this survey has also revealed information about the cultural memory.

ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR MINAT NASABAH MEMILIKI KARTU KREDIT BCA PADA PT. BANK CENTRAL ASIA CABANG MANGGA BESAR RAYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2B) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Asna Manullang ◽  
Debih Arliana
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Product Price ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Place Promotion ◽  
Promotion Process

Tingkat pencapaian minat nasabah untuk memiliki kartu kredit BCA dipengaruhi oleh delapan kelompok variabel yang dikenal sebagai 8P yaitu Product, Price, Place, Promotion, Process, Physical evidence, People dan Produktivity and quality. Penelitian dilakukan di PT.Bank Central Asia, Jalan Mangga Besar Raya No. 128 Jakarta Pusat. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh faktor-faktor minat nasabah memiliki kartu kredit BCA. Penelitian ini menggunakan 2 metoda yaitu metoda deskriptif yaitu mengembangkan produk dan jasa yang sudah ada dan analisa kuantitatif dibagi menjadi dua analisa yang pertama analisa uji validitas dan analisa uji reabilitas. Data yang dianalisa yaitu analisis faktorfaktor yang menjadi daya tarik konsumen untuk memiliki kartu kredit BCA dapat dihitung dan diteliti langsung, data dianalisis dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 16.0. Responden telah mengisi 33 pertanyaan yang disebut dengan variabel dengan nilai skor dan dibagi berdasarkan kelompok sebagai faktornya. Hasil analisis dapat disimpulkan daya tarik konsumen untuk memiliki kartu kredit BCA ada 7 faktor utama. Faktor pertama Produk dengan nilai varians (11,74), faktor ke dua adalah Harga dengan nilai varians (10,73%), faktor ke tiga adalah Distribusi dengan nilai varians (8%), faktor ke empat adalah Promosi dengan nilai varians (7,77%), faktor ke lima adalah Proses dengan nilai varians (6,75%), faktor ke enam adalah Fisik dengan nilai varians (6,28%) dan faktor ke tujuh adalah Kualitas dengan nilai varians (5,76%). Faktor produk merupakan faktor yang paling mempengaruhi konsumen untuk memiliki kartu kredit BCA. Faktor ini dapat menerangkan keragaman data (varians) sebesar 11,74%. Dari beberapa analisis yang diperoleh bahwa faktor produk sangat berpengaruhi positif terhadap keputusan konsumen dalam memiliki kartu kredit BCA karena konsumen menginginkan produk yang baik agar dapat mempermudah transaksi dimana saja dan kapan saja. Kata Kunci: BCA, kartu kredit, Keputusan Nasabah

Analisis Deskriptif Strategi Komunikasi Hotel Sakura Syariah

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazwirman Nazwirman ◽  
Efendy Zein
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Analytical Method ◽  
Marketing Mix ◽  
Communication Strategy ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Integrated Marketing ◽  
Integrated Marketing Communication ◽  
Physical Evidence ◽  
Technology Process

The research objective describes an integrated marketing communication strategy in developing Sakura Syariah Hotel to see a comprehensive marketing communication strategy. Hotel Sakura Syariah is a 3-star syariah concept hotel which has 70 rooms. The analytical method uses the 7P (marketing mix) approach. The research results to increase the number of guests staying the strategy consisted of products, which offer a sharia concept with various types of representative rooms. Pricing, using the appropriate price preferences. Place, hotel location that is close to the center of the district capital and easy access. Promotion, with direct selling in accordance with local government and private selling by participating in various marketing events, sales proposals and advertising. People, conduct trainings to improve human resource capabilities. Physical evidence, a physical building that has Sharia characters and is supported by fairly good technology. Process, reservation service is quite fast and excellent. The development of this Sayriah hotel must be supported by related parties, especially the local government in order to increase the number of hotel guests

Contemporary Qur'anic Studies in Iran and its Relationship with Qur'anic Studies in the West

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-72
Author(s):  
Morteza Karimi-Nia
Keyword(s):  
Islamic Law ◽  
Human Sciences ◽  
The West ◽  
Communications Technologies ◽  
Religious Learning ◽  
The Status ◽  
Islamic Republic Of Iran ◽  
Almost All ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

The status of tafsīr and Qur'anic studies in the Islamic Republic of Iran has changed significantly during recent decades. The essay provides an overview of the state of Qur'anic studies in Iran today, aiming to examine the extent of the impact of studies by Western scholars on Iranian academic circles during the last three decades and the relationship between them. As in most Islamic countries, the major bulk of academic activity in Iran in this field used to be undertaken by the traditional ʿulamāʾ; however, since the beginning of the twentieth century and the establishment of universities and other academic institutions in the Islamic world, there has been increasing diversity and development. After the Islamic Revolution, many gradual changes in the structure and approach of centres of religious learning and universities have occurred. Contemporary advancements in modern sciences and communications technologies have gradually brought the institutions engaged in the study of human sciences to confront the new context. As a result, the traditional Shīʿī centres of learning, which until 50 years ago devoted themselves exclusively to the study of Islamic law and jurisprudence, today pay attention to the teaching of foreign languages, Qur'anic sciences and exegesis, including Western studies about the Qur'an, to a certain extent, and recognise the importance of almost all of the human sciences of the West.

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