scholarly journals Adjusting to precarity: how and why the Roslin Institute forged a leading role for itself in international networks of pig genomics research

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
James W. E. Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Linkage Data ◽  
Budget Cuts ◽  
Biotechnological Potential ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Livestock Breeding ◽  
Genomics Research ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Many ◽  
Policy Shifts ◽  
Funding Research

Abstract From the 1980s onwards, the Roslin Institute and its predecessor organizations faced budget cuts, organizational upheaval and considerable insecurity. Over the next few decades, it was transformed by the introduction of molecular biology and transgenic research, but remained a hub of animal geneticists conducting research aimed at the livestock-breeding industry. This paper explores how these animal geneticists embraced genomics in response to the many-faceted precarity that the Roslin Institute faced, establishing it as a global centre for pig genomics research through forging and leading the Pig Gene Mapping Project (PiGMaP); developing and hosting resources, such as a database for genetic linkage data; and producing associated statistical and software tools to analyse the data. The Roslin Institute leveraged these resources to play a key role in further international collaborations as a hedge against precarity. This adoption of genomics was strategically useful, as it took advantage of policy shifts at the national and European levels towards funding research with biotechnological potential. As genomics constitutes a set of infrastructures and resources with manifold uses, the development of capabilities in this domain also helped Roslin to diversify as a response to precarity.

scholarly journals ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL BASIS OF CUSTOMS CONTROL PROCEDURE

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Vitaliy Kadala ◽  
◽  
Olena Guzenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Control Procedure ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Organizational Mechanism ◽  
Control Procedures ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Realistic Information ◽  
Negative Factors ◽  
The Relationship

The implementation of customs control occupies a significant share of the activities of customs officers. Customs control procedures make it possible to identify customs violations in a timely manner, to ensure the content of measures aimed at preventing customs offenses, reveals the possibility of identifying shortcomings in the work of customs officials who are responsible for a particular area of work. In addition, the customs control procedure reveals not only the shortcomings in the work of certain parts of the customs, but above all, establishes the level of compliance with the principles of customs control and performance of its functions. This thesis is based on the fact that in case of violation of these segments there is a certain area of activity, which usually acts as a zone of customs violations. At the same time, customs control helps to improve the quality of document flow and provides an opportunity to form more realistic information flows for management decisions. At the same time, customs control procedures provide an opportunity to determine the relationship between the elements of the organizational mechanism, to establish at what stage is the duplication of functional responsibilities of responsible persons, and on this basis to decide on its improvement in the future. However, these advantages of customs control are partially offset by a number of negative factors that have some impact on the effectiveness of the procedure itself. There are professional and scientific discussions about the content of negative factors influencing customs control procedures, among which the leading role is given to the shortcomings in the law-making process. Existing problems indicate the feasibility of conducting research in this area. The article highlights the existing problematic factors influencing the customs control procedures, reveals the legal regulations for their implementation and determines the content of the principles and functions that customs officers are obliged to adapt during their adaptation. Attention is paid to the expediency of expanding the functions of the customs control procedure, the advantage of such changes is outlined. The author's position of content of conceptual categories «customs control», «customs control procedure», «organization of customs control» with the substantiation of the chosen approach is offered. The specific features of the organization of the customs control procedure are revealed, the main tasks are determined and the directions of its improvement are established. The author's position on the expediency of choosing both legal and human factors in the development of measures to improve the customs control procedure is given. The relationship between the qualification level of the executors of control actions and the effectiveness of the customs control procedure is substantiated.

Conducting Research in Lebanon: An Overview of Historical Sources Outside of Beirut (Part II)

2004 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-195
Author(s):  
Nadya Sbaiti ◽  
Sara Scalenghe
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
Court Records ◽  
The Public ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Many

Recent years have witnessed a concerted effort by researchers, archivists and others to preserve, catalog, and inform researchers about the many types of sources located in Lebanon. The publication of Part I of this guide to conducting historical research [see MESA Bulletin 37:1 (Summer 2003): 68-79] addressed archives, libraries, and institutes located in Beirut. This article is dedicated to those found in the rest of the country.As with Part I, the archives and sources surveyed below comprise those that are open to the public and deemed to have the most potential for researchers. Although likely to be of most relevance to historians, these sources are such that they should also prove useful to scholars from other fields. Furthermore, access is constantly improving, thanks in no small part to the efforts underway at multiple institutions to organize and digitize manuscripts, court records, and a host of other documents.

scholarly journals CONNECTION BETWEEN ECONOMICS, CULTURE AND CULTURAL DIPLOMACY

10.26458/1735 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 67-74
Author(s):  
Agil Valiyev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Main Part ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Development Model ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Economic Development Model ◽  
Main Factor

Today, culture is one of the main feeble factors of economic development.  The leading role of culture in economic development should be argued as multiplied: so, on firstly, as domestic value, on secondly, as a main factor of regional economic development advanced to raised gravity of different regions for residents, tourists and investors, on thirdly, as major parameters of social development based on tolerance, creativity and knowledge. To the different international experiences, culture is main part of economic development in our life. Cultural diversities are combined into a main reason economic development model. The article consist of explainations about the understanding of culture, cultural diplomacy and economics, approach on conflicts between culture and economics, to find how affecting of culture to economic development, the role of culture in economic development of Azerbaijan. The article can be considered as a useful resource  for experts and researchers conducting research in this field.

scholarly journals Why Theory Matters More than Ever in the Age of Big Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alyssa Friend Wise ◽  
David Williamson Shaffer
Keyword(s):  
Learning Analytics ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
Important Time ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Many ◽  
Scale Data

It is an exhilarating and important time for conducting research on learning, with unprecedented quantities of data available. There is danger, however, in thinking that with enough data, the numbers speak for themselves. In fact, with larger amounts of data, theory plays an ever-more critical role in analysis. In this introduction to the special section on learning analytics and learning theory we describe some critical problems in the analysis of large-scale data that occur when theory is not involved. These range from the question of to which of the many possible variables a researcher should attend to how to interpret a multitude of micro-results and make them actionable. We conclude our comments with a discussion of how the collection of empirical papers included in the special section and the commentaries that were invited on them speak to these challenges, and in doing so represent important steps towards theory-informed and theory-contributing learning analytics work. Our ultimate goal is to provoke a critical dialogue in the field about the ways in which learning analytics work draws on and contributes to theory.

ACCEPTANCE OF PRESIDENCY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1966 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-136
Author(s):  
JAMES G HUGUES
Keyword(s):  
Pediatric Care ◽  
Full Support ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Deep Appreciation ◽  
The Future ◽  
Organizational Pattern ◽  
Pediatric Services ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Many

Dr. Towsley, Fellow Members of the Academy and Guests: I should like to express my deep appreciation to all of you for the high honor you have conferred upon me in selecting me as your new President. I assure you that in the year to come I shall do my best to justify your confidence and to serve the Academy to the best of my ability. As Dr. Towsley indicated in his very scholarly analysis of current and future problems associated with the delivery of high quality pediatric care to the vast numbers of children in our present and future populations, this is an exciting era for pediatrics and pediatricians. There are enormous problems to be solved, but it is well to realize that the Academy has enormous strength—strength through its strong organizational pattern at the national and state levels—strength through its numerous committees of experts—and the strength that is associated with solidarity of purpose. With all these advantages, and with the full support of all of you, I face the future confident that we shall find solutions to our problems, and that the American Academy of Pediatrics will continue to play a leading role in affording proper pediatric services for the nation's children. In conclusion, and in the name of the entire membership of the Academy, I should like to express our great affection for you, Harry, and our deep appreciation of your devotion to the work of the Academy, not only during your term as President but also through the many years before. We will be needing your help and guidance in the future, and you should look forward to only a brief rest—after which you will again be in action for the Academy.

scholarly journals Microstructure Transitions and Dry-Wet Spinnability of Silk Fibroin Protein from Waste Silk Quilt

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Zhijuan Pan
Keyword(s):  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Coagulation Bath ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Regenerated Silk Fibroin ◽  
Spinning Process ◽  
Silk Fabrics ◽  
The Many ◽  
Conformation Transitions

With excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, silk fibroin has been developed into many protein materials. For producing regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) fibers, the conformation transition of silk fibroin needs to be thoroughly studied during the spinning process. Since the many silk fabrics that are discarded comprise an increasing waste of resources and increase the pressure on the environment, in this paper, waste silk fiber was recycled in an attempt to prepare regenerated fibroin fiber by dry-wet spinning. Ethanol was the coagulation bath. The rheological properties of all the RSF solutions were investigated to acquire rheology curves and non-Newtonian indexes for spinnability analysis. Four stages of the spinning process were carried out to obtain RSF samples and study their conformation transitions, crystallization, and thermal properties by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction, and differential scanning calorimetry. Quantitative analysis of the FTIR results was performed to obtain specific data regarding the contents of the secondary structures. The results showed that higher concentration spinning solutions had better spinnability. As the spinning process progressed, random coils were gradually converted into β-sheets and crystallization increased. Among the different influencing factors, the ethanol coagulation bath played a leading role in the conformation transitions of silk fibroin.

Grace and Freedom in the Soteriology of John Wyclif

Traditio ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 279-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Christopher Levy
Keyword(s):  
Careful Study ◽  
Philosophical Discussion ◽  
Divine Grace ◽  
Good Works ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Many ◽  
John Wyclif ◽  
The Church

The popular portrayal of John Wyclif (d. 1384) is that of the inflexible reformer whose views of the Church were driven by a strict determinism that divided humanity into two eternally fixed categories of the predestined and the damned. In point of fact, however, Wyclif's understanding of salvation is quite nuanced and well worth careful study. It may be surprising to find that Wyclif's soteriology has not received a thoroughgoing analysis, one that would pull together the many facets involved in medieval conceptions of the salvific process. Instead, one finds some insightful, but abbreviated, analyses that tend to focus more on specific aspects, rather than offering a comprehensive view. The best sources are Lechler, Robson, and Kenny, all three of whom offer valuable appraisals. Actually, Lechler comes the closest to a broad view within his study of Wyclif, but well over a century has passed since it was first published. Needless to say, there has been an enormous amount of research done on late medieval thought since then, research that enables us to situate Wyclif more thoroughly within the discussions of his day. Even Robson's work is more than forty years old by now. And, while Kenny's treatment is comparatively recent at twenty years old, he tackles the subject only as part of a more strictly philosophical discussion of necessity and contingency. We will, of course, consider the views of each of these scholars in the course of this essay, the purpose of which is to offer a full appraisal of Wyclif's soteriology in its many facets. This means that we will first discuss the related questions of divine will and human freedom, and their impact upon his soteriology. Then we will examine his views on sin, grace, merit, justification, faith, and predestination, all within the larger medieval context. What we should find is that Wyclif's soteriology makes quite a lot of room for human free will even as he insists on the leading role of divine grace in all good works. Futhermore, Wyclif will emerge as a subtle thinker who most often presents a God who is at once just and merciful, extending grace and the possibility of salvation to all.

An Experiment in Competition: The 1987 Elections to the Local Soviets

Slavic Review ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Central Committee ◽  
Soviet Society ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
The Many ◽  
Policy Shifts ◽  
General Secretary ◽  
At Home

For western observers, one of the most striking policy shifts articulated by Mikhail S. Gorbachev since he became general secretary of the CPSU in March 1985 has been his insistence on greater democratization (demokratizatsiia) and self-government (samoupravlenie). In his speech to the Communist party's Central Committee on 28 January 1987 he explicitly identified “the many-sided development of democracy and selfgovernment“ as a key component of what he meant by the reconstruction (perestroika) of Soviet society. His speech to the plenum dealt in large part with this theme. In it, Gorbachev startled his audience both at home and abroad with proposals for the introduction of a degree of competitiveness in the elections of party leaders, state officials, and enterprise managers.

scholarly journals 10-Year Anniversary of the European Proximity Operations Simulator 2.0—Looking Back at Test Campaigns, Rendezvous Research and Facility Improvements

Aerospace ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Florian Rems ◽  
Heike Frei ◽  
Eicke-Alexander Risse ◽  
Matthias Burri
Keyword(s):  
Research Work ◽  
Open Loop ◽  
Hardware In The Loop ◽  
Optical Navigation ◽  
Proximity Operations ◽  
Space Operations ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
The Many ◽  
Operations Center ◽  
Looking Back

Completed in 2009, the European Proximity Operations Simulator 2.0 (EPOS 2.0) succeeded EPOS 1.0 at the German Space Operations Center (GSOC). One of the many contributions the old EPOS 1.0 facility made to spaceflight rendezvous is the verification of the Jena-Optronik laser-based sensors used by the Automated Transfer Vehicle. While EPOS 2.0 builds upon its heritage, it is a completely new design aiming at considerably more complex rendezvous scenarios. During the last ten years, GSOC’s On-Orbit-Servicing & Autonomy group, who operates, maintains and evolves EPOS 2.0, has made numerous contributions to the field of uncooperative rendezvous, using EPOS as its primary tool. After general research in optical navigation in the early 2010s, the OOS group took a leading role in the DLR project “On-Orbit-Servicing End-to-End Simulation” in 2014. EPOS 2.0 served as the hardware in the loop simulator of the rendezvous phase and contributed substantially to the project’s remarkable success. Over the years, E2E has revealed demanding requirements, leading to numerous facility improvements and extensions. In addition to the OOS group’s research work, numerous and diverse open-loop test campaigns for industry and internal (DLR) customers have shaped the capabilities of EPOS 2.0 significantly.

scholarly journals The many faces of self-control: Tacit assumptions and recommendations to deal with them.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Milyavskaya ◽  
Elliot Berkman ◽  
Denise De Ridder
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Lay People ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
The Many ◽  
Tacit Assumptions

The term self-control is broadly used by both researchers and lay people. However, both the term itself and the research on self-control is full of assumptions that are often unexamined and unchallenged. In this paper, we question many assertions and assumptions about self-control that foster confusion and controversy, including the multitude of processes encompassed by the varied uses of the term “self-control.” We describe how these assumptions have caused gaps in the empirical literature, impeded the development of an interdisciplinary knowledge base about self-control, and ultimately slowed scientific progress in this area. Critically, we also present a set of recommendations for conducting research on self-control that would be relevant across theories, areas of inquiry, and disciplines. By bringing these assumptions to light, future research can better focus on issues that are important and foundational but have been relatively neglected by the literature because of their implicit nature. This paper thus raises new avenues for research by highlighting what the field generally assumes but does not test directly.

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