scholarly journals Lactobacillus rhamnosus and its cell-free culture supernatant differentially modulate inflammatory biomarkers in Escherichia coli-challenged human dendritic cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1727-1737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Bermudez-Brito ◽  
Sergio Muñoz-Quezada ◽  
Carolina Gomez-Llorente ◽  
Fernando Romero ◽  
Angel Gil
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Probiotic Strain ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tgf Β1 ◽  
Cell Free Culture Supernatant ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The intestinal immune system maintains a delicate balance between immunogenicity against invading pathogens and tolerance to the commensal microbiota and food antigens. Different strains of probiotics possess the ability to finely regulate the activation of dendritic cells (DC), polarising the subsequent activity of T-cells. Nevertheless, information about their underlying mechanisms of action is scarce. In the present study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of a potentially probiotic strain, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CNCM I-4036, and its cell-free culture supernatant (CFS) on human DC challenged with Escherichia coli. The results showed that the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and IL-12p70 were higher in the cells treated with live L. rhamnosus than in the cells treated with the CFS. In the presence of E. coli, the supernatant was more effective than the probiotic bacteria in reducing the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, live L. rhamnosus potently induced the production of transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and TGF-β2, whereas the CFS increased the secretion of TGF-β1. However, in the presence of E. coli, both treatments restored the levels of TGF-β. The probiotic strain L. rhamnosus CNCM I-4036 and its CFS were able to activate the Toll-like receptor signalling pathway, enhancing innate immunity. The two treatments induced gene transcription of TLR-9. Live L. rhamnosus activated the expression of TLR-2 and TLR-4 genes, whereas the CFS increased the expression of TLR-1 and TLR-5 genes. In response to the stimulation with probiotic/CFS and E. coli, the expression of each gene tested was notably increased, with the exception of TNF-α and NFKBIA. In conclusion, the CFS exhibited an extraordinary ability to suppress the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by DC, and may be used as an effective and safer alternative to live bacteria.

Lactoferrin downregulates pro-inflammatory cytokines upexpressed in intestinal epithelial cells infected with invasive or noninvasive Escherichia coli strainsThis paper is one of a selection of papers published in this Special Issue, entitled 7th International Conference on Lactoferrin: Structure, Function, and Applications, and has undergone the Journal’s usual peer review process.

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca Berlutti ◽  
Serena Schippa ◽  
Clara Morea ◽  
Serena Sarli ◽  
Brunella Perfetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Peer Review Process ◽  
Bovine Lactoferrin ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Intestinal epithelial cells are able to differentially interact with commensal or pathogenic microorganisms, triggering a physiological or destructive inflammation, respectively. To mimic commensal–enteroinvasive bacteria–host cell interaction, we infected Caco-2 cells with noninvasive Escherichia coli HB101 and with recombinant invasive E. coli HB101(pRI203). Using DNA microarray mRNA profiling and ELISA assays, we studied the expression of several cytokine and cytokine-related genes in infected Caco-2 cells in the absence or presence of bovine lactoferrin (bLf). Infection of Caco-2 cells with the noninvasive strain induced a slight increase in the expression of interleukin 8 (IL-8), whereas infection with invasive E. coli HB101(pRI203) induced a significant increase in the expression of IL-8 as well as other pro-inflammatory cytokines. The addition of bLf, in native- or holo-form, did not influence expression of cytokine genes by uninfected Caco-2 cells, but it decreased expression of IL-8 by cells infected with E.coli HB101. Moreover, except for IL-8, bLfs dramatically downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines upexpressed by Caco-2 cells infected with the invasive strain. Although IL-8 was decreased by bLfs, it remained upregulated, suggesting that it could be a signal of persistence of intracellular bacteria. The bLf ability to reduce expression of some pro-inflammatory cytokines, which appears independent of its iron saturation, might represent an important natural mechanism in regulating epithelial cell responses to pathogenic bacteria and in limiting cell damage and the spread of infections.

scholarly journals Potential Probiotic Lactobacillus Rhamnosus (MTCC-5897) Attenuates Escherichia Coli Induced Inflammatory Response in Intestinal Cells

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taruna Gupta ◽  
Harpreet Kaur ◽  
Suman Kapila ◽  
Rajeev Kapila
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nuclear Translocation ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Intestinal Cells ◽  
Intestinal Epithelial ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Toll Like Receptor 2 ◽  
Immunomodulatory Action ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Probiotics are microbes having tremendous potential to prevent gastrointestinal disorders. In current investigation, immunomodulatory action of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR:MTCC-5897) was studied during exclusion, competition and displacement of Escherichia coli on intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells. The incubation of intestinal cells with E. coli, enhanced downstream signalling and activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB). This significantly increased (p<0.01) the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α and IFN-ϒ) expression. While, incubation of epithelial cells with L. rhamnosus during exclusion and competition with E. coli, counteracted these enhanced expressions. The immunomodulatory feature of L rhamnosus was also highlighted with increased (p<0.05) transcription of toll like receptor-2 (TLR-2) and single Ig IL-1-related receptor (SIGIRR) along with diminished expression of TLR-4. Likewise, attenuation (p<0.05) of E.coli-mediated enhanced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p-65 subunit by L. rhamnosus during exclusion was confirmed with western blotting. Thus, present finding establishes the prophylactic potential of L. rhamnosus against exclusion of E. coli in intestinal cells.

scholarly journals Distinct Effects of Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus Cell Wall Component-Induced Inflammation on the Iron Metabolism of THP-1 Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1497
Author(s):  
Edina Pandur ◽  
Kitti Tamási ◽  
Ramóna Pap ◽  
Gergely Jánosa ◽  
Katalin Sipos
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Iron Metabolism ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Cytokine Production ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Iron Storage ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Iron Storage Proteins ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Macrophages are essential immune cells of the innate immune system. They participate in the development and regulation of inflammation. Macrophages play a fundamental role in fighting against bacterial infections by phagocytosis of bacteria, and they also have a specific role in immunomodulation by secreting pro-inflammatory cytokines. In bacterial infection, macrophages decrease the serum iron concentration by removing iron from the blood, acting as one of the most important regulatory cells of iron homeostasis. We examined whether the Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell wall components from various bacterial strains affect the cytokine production and iron transport, storage and utilization of THP-1 monocytes in different ways. We found that S. aureus lipoteichoic acid (LTA) was less effective in activating pro-inflammatory cytokine expression that may related to its effect on fractalkine production. LTA-treated cells increased iron uptake through divalent metal transporter-1, but did not elevate the expression of cytosolic and mitochondrial iron storage proteins, suggesting that the cells maintained iron efflux via the ferroportin iron exporter. E. coli and P. aeruginosa lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) acted similarly on THP-1 cells, but the rates of the alterations of the examined proteins were different. E. coli LPS was more effective in increasing the pro-inflammatory cytokine production, meanwhile it caused less dramatic alterations in iron metabolism. P. aeruginosa LPS-treated cells produced a smaller amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines, but caused remarkable elevation of both cytosolic and mitochondrial iron storage proteins and intracellular iron content compared to E. coli LPS. These results prove that LPS molecules from different bacterial sources alter diverse molecular mechanisms in macrophages that prepossess the outcome of the bacterial infection.

scholarly journals Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of the inhibition effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on Escherichia coli biofilm formation in co-culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiyi Song ◽  
Ni Lou ◽  
Jianjun Liu ◽  
Hong Xiang ◽  
Dong Shang
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Proteomic Analysis ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Differentially Expressed Proteins ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Protein Ubiquitination

Abstract Background Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the principal pathogen that causes biofilm formation. Biofilms are associated with infectious diseases and antibiotic resistance. This study employed proteomic analysis to identify differentially expressed proteins after coculture of E. coli with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) microcapsules. Methods To explore the relevant protein abundance changes after E. coli and LGG coculture, label-free quantitative proteomic analysis and qRT-PCR were applied to E. coli and LGG microcapsule groups before and after coculture, respectively. Results The proteomic analysis characterised a total of 1655 proteins in E. coli K12MG1655 and 1431 proteins in the LGG. After coculture treatment, there were 262 differentially expressed proteins in E. coli and 291 in LGG. Gene ontology analysis showed that the differentially expressed proteins were mainly related to cellular metabolism, the stress response, transcription and the cell membrane. A protein interaction network and Kyoto Encyclopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis indicated that the differentiated proteins were mainly involved in the protein ubiquitination pathway and mitochondrial dysfunction. Conclusions These findings indicated that LGG microcapsules may inhibit E. coli biofilm formation by disrupting metabolic processes, particularly in relation to energy metabolism and stimulus responses, both of which are critical for the growth of LGG. Together, these findings increase our understanding of the interactions between bacteria under coculture conditions.

Anti-tumor potential of cell free culture supernatant of Lactobacillus rhamnosus strains isolated from human breast milk

2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 286-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka ◽  
Haobin Zhao ◽  
Hafiza Mahreen Mehwish ◽  
Na Li ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Milk ◽  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Human Breast Milk ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Cell Free Culture Supernatant

scholarly journals Author Correction: BCG and BCGΔBCG1419c protect type 2 diabetic mice against tuberculosis via different participation of T and B lymphocytes, dendritic cells and pro-inflammatory cytokines

npj Vaccines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian Alfredo Segura-Cerda ◽  
Brenda Marquina-Castillo ◽  
Vasti Lozano-Ordaz ◽  
Dulce Mata-Espinosa ◽  
Jorge Alberto Barrios-Payán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
T And B Lymphocytes ◽  
Diabetic Mice ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

scholarly journals New Bacteriocins from Lacticaseibacillus paracasei CNCM I-5369 Adsorbed on Alginate Nanoparticles Are Very Active against Escherichia coli

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8654
Author(s):  
Yanath Belguesmia ◽  
Noura Hazime ◽  
Isabelle Kempf ◽  
Rabah Boukherroub ◽  
Djamel Drider
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Intracellular Proteins

Lacticaseibacillus paracasei CNCM I-5369, formerly Lactobacillus paracasei CNCM I-5369, produces bacteriocins that are remarkably active against Gram-negative bacteria, among which is the Escherichia coli-carrying mcr-1 gene that is involved in resistance to colistin. These bacteriocins present in the culture supernatant of the producing strain were extracted and semi-purified. The fraction containing these active bacteriocins was designated as E20. Further, E20 was loaded onto alginate nanoparticles (Alg NPs), leading to a highly active nano-antibiotics formulation named hereafter Alg NPs/E20. The amount of E20 adsorbed on the alginate nanoparticles was 12 wt.%, according to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values obtained with E20 ranged from 250 to 2000 μg/mL, whilst those recorded for Alg NPs/E20 were comprised between 2 and 4 μg/mL, which allowed them to gain up to 500-fold in the anti-E. coli activity. The damages caused by E20 and/or Alg NPs/E20 on the cytology of the target bacteria were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) imaging and the quantification of intracellular proteins released following treatment of the target bacteria with these antimicrobials. Thus, loading these bacteriocins on Alg NPs appeared to improve their activity, and the resulting nano-antibiotics stand as a promising drug delivery system.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds from Polygala tenuifolia and Their Inhibitory Effects on Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Production in Bone Marrow-Derived Dendritic Cells

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1240
Author(s):  
Le Ba Vinh ◽  
Myungsook Heo ◽  
Nguyen Viet Phong ◽  
Irshad Ali ◽  
Young Sang Koh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponins ◽  
Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicine ◽  
Polygala Tenuifolia ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

The roots of Polygala tenuifolia Wild (Polygalaceae), which is among the most important components of traditional Chinese herbal medicine, have been widely used for over 1000 years to treat a variety of diseases. In the current investigation of secondary metabolites with anti-inflammatory properties from Korean medicinal plants, a phytochemical constituent study led to the isolation of 15 compounds (1–15) from the roots of P. tenuifolia via a combination of chromatographic methods. Their structures were determined by means of spectroscopic data such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 1D- and 2D-NMR, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). As the obtained results, the isolated compounds were divided into two groups—phenolic glycosides (1–9) and triterpenoid saponins (10–15). The anti-inflammatory effects of crude extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds were investigated on the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 p40, IL-6, and tumour necrosis factor-α in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated bone marrow-derived dendritic cells. The IC50 values, ranging from 0.08 ± 0.01 to 21.05 ± 0.40 μM, indicated potent inhibitory effects of the isolated compounds on the production of all three pro-inflammatory cytokines. In particular, compounds 3–12, 14, and 15 showed promising anti-inflammatory activity. These results suggest that phenolic and triterpenoid saponins from P. tenuifolia may be excellent anti-inflammatory agents.

scholarly journals Induction of Human β-Defensin 2 by the Probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 Is Mediated through Flagellin

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 2399-2407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Schlee ◽  
Jan Wehkamp ◽  
Artur Altenhoefer ◽  
Tobias A. Oelschlaeger ◽  
Eduard F. Stange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Deletion Mutants ◽  
Strain Atcc ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Flagellin Gene ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli Nissle 1917 ◽  
Stimulatory Factor ◽  
Escherichia Coli Nissle

ABSTRACT Human β-defensin 2 (hBD-2) is an inducible antimicrobial peptide synthesized by the epithelium to counteract bacterial adherence and invasion. Proinflammatory cytokines, as well as certain bacterial strains, have been identified as potent endogenous inducers. Recently, we have found that hBD-2 induction by probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 was mediated through NF-κB- and AP-1-dependent pathways. The aim of the present study was to identify the responsible bacterial factor. E. coli Nissle 1917 culture supernatant was found to be more potent than the pellet, indicating a soluble or shed factor. Chemical analysis demonstrated the factor to be heat resistant and proteinase digestible. Several E. coli Nissle 1917 deletion mutants were constructed and tested for their ability to induce hBD-2 expression in Caco-2 cells. Deletion mutants for flagellin specifically exhibited an impaired immunostimulatory capacity. Reinsertion of the flagellin gene restored the induction capacity to normal levels. Isolated flagellin from E. coli Nissle 1917 and from Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis induced hBD-2 mRNA significantly in contrast to the flagellin of the apathogenic E. coli strain ATCC 25922. H1 flagellin antiserum abrogated hBD-2 expression induced by flagellin as well as E. coli Nissle 1917 supernatant, confirming that flagellin is the major stimulatory factor of E. coli Nissle 1917.

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