scholarly journals Inadequate dietary intake of minerals: prevalence and association with socio-demographic and lifestyle factors

2017 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane H. Sales ◽  
Mariane de M. Fontanelli ◽  
Diva A. S. Vieira ◽  
Dirce M. Marchioni ◽  
Regina M. Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Current Smoker ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Negatively Associated

AbstractThis cross-sectional, population-based study aimed to estimate the prevalence of dietary mineral inadequacies among residents in urban areas of Sao Paulo, to identify foods contributing to mineral intake and to verify possible associations between socio-demographic and lifestyle factors and mineral intake. Data were obtained from the 2008 Health Survey of Sao Paulo (n 1511; mean age 43·6 (sd 23·2), range 14–97 years). Dietary intake of minerals was measured using two 24-h dietary recalls. Socio-demographic and lifestyle data were collected. The prevalence of inadequate intake was estimated according to Dietary Reference Intakes methods. Associations between mineral intake and baseline factors were determined using multiple linear regression. Na, Ca and Mg showed the highest dietary inadequacies. Some age/sex groups had lower intakes of P, Zn, Cu and Se. Rice, beans and bread were the main foods contributing towards mineral intake. Female sex was negatively associated with K, Na, P, Mg, Zn and Mn intakes. All age groups were positively associated with the intakes of K, P, Mg and Mn. Family income above one minimum wage was positively associated with Se intake. Living in a household whose head completed ≥10 years of education was positively associated with Ca and negatively associated with Na intake. Former smoker status was negatively associated with Ca intake. Current smoker status was inversely associated with K, Ca, P and Cu intakes. Sufficient physical activity was positively associated with K, Ca and Mg intakes. Overall, the intakes of all major minerals were inadequate and were influenced by socio-demographic and lifestyle factors.

scholarly journals Morbidity due trauma in children of the community of Paraisopolis, São Paulo, Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Renata Dejtiar Waksman ◽  
Renato Melli Carrera ◽  
Erica Santos ◽  
Sulim Abramovici ◽  
Cláudio Schvartsman
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Concrete Slab ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Free Access ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Child Victim ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Her Family

Objective : To identify the factors that determine unintentional injuries in children living in the community of Paraisopolis, in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Methods : A cross-sectional and non-controlled study. Data collected during 4 consecutive months through questionnaires filled out for the Einstein Program in Paraisopolis Community included identification of the patient and his/her family, scholarity level, housing conditions, storage of hazardous products, access to the streets and concrete slab ceilings, supervision, and trauma mechanism involved. The observed data were treated as absolute and relative frequencies; χ2, Fisher’s exact test, Student’s t test, and Mann-Whitney’s tests were implemented, with a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). Results : A total of 1,490 questionnaires were analyzed. There was a predominance of trauma within boys (59.6%) and the medium age was 5.2 years. The predominant educational level of the parents was incomplete junior school education. The main caregiver identified was the mother (69.4%). Among the children that suffered trauma, 56.4% belonged to large families (≥6 people), lived in houses up to three rooms, and a family income up to R$ 1,000.00 (76.6%). Easy access to hazardous materials was considerable and free access to concrete slab ceilings was reported in 92.8% of the cases. The main trauma mechanisms were falls and burns. In this study, the child victim of a fall was aged under 5 years. Conclusion : Small children that live in a hazardous environment have a significant tendency to suffering trauma

scholarly journals Cerebrovascular diseases mortality in the elderly in the state of São Paulo

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Rêgo Purificação ◽  
Allêh Kauãn Santos Nogueira ◽  
Matheus Araújo de Souza ◽  
Camila de Almeida Costa Alencar ◽  
Sancha Mohana Brito Goes Rios
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cerebrovascular Diseases ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
The State ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lack Of Information

Background: Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the world 2nd death cause and the main cause of disability. Nevertheless, there is a lack of information regarding the mortality profile for this etiology in the last decade. Objective and Methods: Using prospectively collected data available in TabNet (DataSUS) platform, a descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The primary objective is to access the demographic information most associated with DCV mortality in individuals older than 50 years-old, in São Paulo (SP), from 2010 to 2019. Results: The highest mortality in the state of SP was in 2019 (16,945 deaths), according to the growing trend; in the 2010-2019 period, the annual mean by city of deaths (± standard deviation [SD]) was 14,885 (± 1,341). During these years, the number of deaths was higher in the municipality of São Paulo (57,013; 31%). The annual mean deaths (± SD) in the capital and in the interior cities were, respectively: 4,684 (± 269) and 31 (± 58). The age groups from 70 to 79 years and over 80 years were the most affected. Caucasian race represents 71% of deaths. Individuals with 1 to 3 years of school were more affected (38%). The ratio of male deaths to female deaths was 1.02. Conclusion: In the last decade, there was an increasing mortality by CVD among the elderly population, and the city of São Paulo leads the number of cases.

The epidemiology of psychotropic use in the City of São Paulo

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair de Jesus Mari ◽  
Naomar Almeida-Filho ◽  
Evandro Coutinho ◽  
Sergio Baxter Andreoli ◽  
Claudio Torres de Miranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
General Physician ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City

SynopsisThis is a cross-sectional community study conducted to assess the one-year prevalence of psychotropic use in the city of São Paulo. A representative stratified sample of the city was drawn from three sub-districts selected on the basis of their health indicators (Ramos & Goihman, 1989). The probability of a psychiatric disorder was estimated by means of the Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Questionnaire (QMPA) developed by Santana (1982). The total sample comprised 1742 subjects: 11·7% of males and 24·6% of females were probable cases in the QMPA, at the cut-off point 7/8. The overall psychotropic consumption was 101·6 persons/1000 inhabitants. The rate of psychotropic use was higher for females (142·3 persons/1000 inhabitants) than males (50·0 persons/1000), a difference statistically significant (χ2 = 18·0, 1 df, P < 0·001). The highest rate of consumption was for tranquillizers (80·4/1000 inhabitants) and the general physician was found to be the leading prescriber (46·9%), being followed by cardiologists (15·3%). A log-linear model was constructed to study the combined effect of sociodemographic factors on the probability of being a tranquillizer user. Women were found to take more tranquillizers than men, consumption increased with age, and the positives in the QMPA were more likely to be users than were the negatives. The higher the family income per capita the higher the risk of being a tranquillizer user. These findings applied regardless of the sub-district, marital status, and migration status of the subjects. These results are discussed in the light of the alternative possible interventions by general practitioners.

Healthful grain foods consumption by São Paulo residents: a 12-year analysis and future trends

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Mariane de M Fontanelli ◽  
Cristiane H Sales ◽  
Michelle A de Castro ◽  
Regina M Fisberg
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Grain Foods

Abstract Objective: Understanding trends in grain consumption is essential to tackle the low consumption of healthful grain foods. This study aimed to evaluate trends and determinants of grain foods meeting the ≤10:1 carbohydrate:fibre ratio (≤10:1 ratio) in Brazil and to estimate this intake for the next years. Design: Three editions of the cross-sectional, population-based study Health Survey of São Paulo (2003, 2008 and 2015). Setting: Urban area of São Paulo, Brazil. Participants: The sample included 5801 participants aged 12 years or more. Results: A growing trend in the intake of these foods (0·9 percentage of energy (%E) in 2003 to 1·5 %E in 2015) was observed. Also, the proportion of the population consuming at least one grain food meeting the ≤10:1 ratio increased from 8·7 % in 2003 to 15·8 % in 2015, and 20·3 % of the population would be consuming some kind of healthful grain food by 2030. Sociodemographic factors associated with the consumption of grain foods meeting the ≤10:1 ratio changed according to study edition, but overall, older individuals (+79 %), females (+28 %), those with higher education (+138 %) and higher family income (+135 %) were more likely to consume grain foods meeting the ratio, whereas participants who self-reported black, brown or indigenous ethnicity were less likely to consume these foods (–30 %). Conclusions: There was a growing trend to consume grain foods meeting the ≤10:1 ratio from 2003 to 2015, but this consumption continues to be far from recommended levels. Intersectoral changes are urgently needed in order to increase the intake of healthful grain foods.

scholarly journals Drink driving and speeding in Sao Paulo, Brazil: empirical cross-sectional study (2015–2018)

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. e030294
Author(s):  
Gabriel Andreuccetti ◽  
Vilma Leyton ◽  
Heráclito Barbosa Carvalho ◽  
Daniele M Sinagawa ◽  
Henrique S Bombana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Concentration Limit ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Microwave Radar ◽  
Breath Alcohol

ObjectivesTo evaluate the prevalence of drink driving and speeding during 2015–2018 in Sao Paulo, Brazil.DesignCross-sectional observational study.SettingRoads representing the five main regions of the city of Sao Paulo in Brazil, one of the world’s largest urban areas.ParticipantsDrivers (N=10 294) stopped at routine roadside breath testing checkpoints and those driving in selected roads for speeding measurement (N=414 664).Primary and secondary outcome measuresMicrowave radar guns were used to measure the speed of vehicles, while the prevalence of drivers under the influence of alcohol was observed in police checkpoints. Data were collected during three consecutive years (2016–2018) following a baseline study established in 2015 using a city-level representative sample of observational data representing all days of the week.ResultsAlcohol-related fatalities kept at a constantly high percentage, with 39% of road traffic deaths involving alcohol in 2016. Drivers testing above the legal breath alcohol concentration limit showed a decreasing trend, from 4.1% (95% CI 2.9% to 5.5%) at baseline to 0.6% (95% CI 0.2% to 1.2%) in the end of 2018 (p<0.001); however, more than half of drivers refused breath tests at checkpoints despite steep legal penalties. The prevalence of speeding among all vehicles decreased from 8.1% (95% CI 7.9% to 8.2%) to 4.9% (95% CI 4.7% to 5.1%) by the end of 2016 (p<0.001), but then increased again to 13.5% (95% CI 13.2% to 13.9%) at the end of the study period (p<0.001).ConclusionsDrink driving rates have reduced, likely due to an increase in drivers refusing breath alcohol tests, while speeding rates have increased significantly by the end of the study period, particularly among motorcycles. Future strategies aiming at reducing road traffic injuries in the major Brazilian city should tailor drink driving and speeding enforcement based on the new evidence provided here.

scholarly journals Validation and calibration of self-reported weight and height from individuals in the city of São Paulo

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 735-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Martins de Carvalho ◽  
Lívia Gonçalves Piovezan ◽  
Soraya Sant´Ana de Castro Selem ◽  
Regina Mara Fisberg ◽  
Dirce Maria Lobo Marchioni
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Body Mass Index Data ◽  
Calibration Coefficients

Objective: To evaluate the validity of self-reported weight and height measurements among residents of São Paulo, as well as the accuracy of these measurements for determining nutritional status, and to present calibration coefficients. Methods: A cross-sectional, population-based study was performed with a sample of 299 adolescents, adults and elderly of both genders, in São Paulo in 2008. Bland-Altman difference plot and intraclass correlation were used to determine agreement between measured and self-reported parameters. Sensitivity and specificity were assessed for overweight, and calibration coefficients were estimated for correction of weight, height and body mass index data. Results: The intraclass correlation was high between self-reported and measured parameters for weight (r > 0,94) and body mass index (BMI) (r > 0,85). The agreement between measured and self-reported weight, height and BMI was good. Sensibility was > 91% and specificity was > 83%. Conclusion: Self-reported weight measurements can substitute measured parameters in this population, in both genders and in the age groups studied. Self-reported height measurements should be used with caution. Calibration coefficients can be used to adjust self-reported measurements.

scholarly journals Anthropometry of elderly residents in the city of São Paulo, Brazil

2005 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1929-1938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline R. Barbosa ◽  
José M. P. Souza ◽  
Maria L. Lebrão ◽  
Ruy Laurenti ◽  
Maria de Fátima N. Marucci
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The City

The article presents gender and age-specific selected anthropometric data for a representative sample of elderly Brazilians in the city of São Paulo. This was a cross-sectional, population-based household survey. A total of 1,894 older adults (men and women, > 60 years) were examined from January to March 2001. Data were presented as means and percentiles for body mass (BM); height or stature (ST); body mass index (BMI); waist (WC), hip (HC), arm (AC), and calf (CC) circumferences; triceps skinfold thickness (TST); and arm muscle circumference (AMC), and differences were described according to age (all variables) and gender (BMI). Except for HC (men), all anthropometric variables were lower in the oldest than in the youngest individuals (p < 0.01) in both genders. BMI was significantly higher (p < 0.01) in women than men (all age groups). The observations suggest that there is loss of muscle mass and redistribution and reduction of fat mass with age (both genders). The data can be used in clinical practice and epidemiological studies based on interpretation of anthropometric measurements in the elderly in São Paulo.

scholarly journals Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome and cardiovascular risk

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (5) ◽  
pp. 442-450
Author(s):  
Ana Ciléia Pinto Teixeira Henriques ◽  
Júlio César Garcia de Alencar ◽  
Lívia Rocha de Miranda Pinto ◽  
Rosa Maria Salani Mota ◽  
Raimunda Hermelinda Maia Macena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Basic Activity ◽  
Expansion Of Morbidity

Objective: to analyze the changes in life expectancy (LE) and disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) in São Paulo's elderly population to assess the occurrence of compression or expansion of morbidity, between 2000 and 2010. Methods: cross-sectional and population survey, based on official data for the city of São Paulo, Brazil, and data obtained from the Health, Well-Being and Aging Survey (SABE). Functional disability was defined as difficulty in performing at least one basic activity of daily living. The Sullivan method was used to calculate LE and DFLE for the years 2000 to 2010. Results: from 2000 to 2010, there was an increase in disabled life expectancy (DLE) in all age groups and both sexes. The proportion of years of life free of disability, at 60 years of age, decreased from 57.94% to 46.23% in women, and from 75.34% to 63.65% in men. At 75 years of age, this ratio decreased from 47.55% to 34.54% in women, and from 61.31% to 56.01% in men. Conclusion: the expansion of morbidity is an ongoing process in the elderly population of the municipality of São Paulo, in the period 2000-2010. These results can contribute to the development of preventive strategies and planning of adequate health services to future generations of seniors.

scholarly journals PREDITORES CLÍNICOS INTERVENIENTES NA ADESÃO DE USUÁRIOS DE ANTICOAGULANTE ORAIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Henrique Simonetti ◽  
Ana Cristina Mancussi e Faro ◽  
Estela Regina Ferraz Bianchi
Keyword(s):  
Oral Anticoagulant ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Oral Anticoagulant Therapy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Improvement Score

Objetivo: Identificar os fatores intervenientes para a não adesão de usuários da terapia com anticoagulante oral na manutenção da faixa terapêutica. Metodologia: Estudo transversal realizado com 607 pacientes, realizado em Centro de Anticoagulação Oral em Hospital Público de Cardiologia. Os dados foram coletados através de um formulário entre 2014-2015, e analisados estatisticamente por testes de comparação e associação. Resultados: Identificaram-se 52% sexo feminino, 57% casados, faixa etária maior que 60 anos 62%, ensino fundamental incompleto 42%, provenientes de São Paulo 93%. Na análise multivariada obtiveram-se como significativas; escolaridade, renda familiar, uso inadequado, interação medicamentosa, procedimentos invasivos, interações alimentar, atividade física, condições clínicas, outros fatores e complicações próprias do uso do medicamento. Conclusão: O estudo apresentou-se com alto valor preditivo mediante os fatores intervenientes de não adesão e possibilitou as tomadas de decisões direcionadas para o problema pelo enfermeiro, propondo escore de melhoria para a adesão e manutenção na faixa ideal.Descritores: Cardiologia; Anticoagulantes; Adesão à medicação; Enfermagem.CLINICAL PREDICTORS INVOLVED IN ADHESION OF ORAL ANTICOAGULANT USERSObjective: to identify the factors involved to the non-adherence of oral anticoagulant therapy users in the maintenance of the therapeutic range. Methodology: this cross-sectional study conducted with 607 patients held in centre of Oral anticoagulation in public Hospital of cardiology. The data were collected through form between 2014-2015, and statistically analyzed for comparison and Association tests. Results: 52% were female, 57% married, age greater than 60 years 62%, 42%, incomplete basic education from São Paulo 93%. In multivariate analysis significant were obtained; education, family income, misuse, drug interaction, invasive procedures, food interactions, physical activity, clinical conditions, other factors and complications specific to the use of the medicine. Conclusion: the study had a high predictive value by the participating factors of non-adherence an allowed the nurse to make decisions for the problem proposing an improvement score for the adherence, and maintenance in the ideal range. Descriptors: Cardiology; Anticoagulants; Medication adherence; Nursing.PREDICTORES CLÍNICOS IMPLICADOS EN LA ADHESIÓN DE LOS USUARIOS DE ANTICOAGULANTE ORALObjetivo: identificar los factores involucrados a la no adherencia de los usuarios de la terapia anticoagulante oral en el mantenimiento de la gama terapéutica. Metodología: este estudio transversal realizado con 607 pacientes llevó a cabo en el centro de la anticoagulación Oral en el Hospital público de Cardiología. Los datos fueron recogidos através de un formulario entre 2014-2015 y se analizaron estadísticamente para comparaciones o pruebas de asociación. Resultados: 52% eran mujer, 57% había casado, edad mayor de 60 años 62%, 42%, educación básica incompleta de São Paulo 93%. En análisis multivariante significativas se obtuvieron; Educación, ingreso familiar, mal uso, interacción de medicamentos, procedimientos invasivos, interacciones de alimentos, actividad física, condiciones clínicas, otros factores y complicaciones específicas para el uso de la medicina. Conclusión: este estudio mostró alto valor predictivo mediante lós factores de intervención de no adesion y posibilito las tomadas de decisiones direccionadas para el problema por el enfermero y propone puntuación mejora de membresía y mantenimiento en el rango ideal.Descriptores: Cardiología; Anticoagulantes; Cumplimiento de la medicación; Enfermería.

Sobre a Formação da Mão de Obra Industrial no Brasil e a Imigração Estrangeira - 1890-1930

GEOgraphia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Satiê Mizubuti
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Agricultural Activities ◽  
Work Relations ◽  
Trade Unionism ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
First Republic ◽  
International Demand

Resumo A formação da mão-de-obra no Brasil no decorrer da Primeira República (1890-1930) se fez de forma acelerada e em dois campos simultaneamente no rural e no urbano. No rural, pelo aquecimento da demanda internacional pelo café brasileiro, e, no urbano, pelo início da industrialização, principalmente, nas cidades do Rio de Janeiro e de São Paulo. Tanto nas atividades agrícolas, como nas industriais, a presença e a participação do imigrante estrangeiro foram hegemônicas e decisivas. É preciso considerar que a abolição da escravatura havia ocorrido em 1888, criando um esvaziamento do mercado de trabalho no Brasil. Palavras chave: imigração estrangeira; cafeicultura, industrialização; sindicalismo; relações de trabalho.Resumo Labor formation in Brazil took an accelerated rhythmus during the First Republic (1890-1930) in two fields simultaneously: rural and urban. In the rural sector it was due to an increase in international demand for Brazilian coffee. In the urban areas, meanwhile, the beginning of industrialization, specially in Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, was the main cause. Not only in the agricultural activities. but also in the industries, the presence and participation of foreign immigrants were decisive. The abolition os slavery in 1888 must be considered as part of this context, as it changed the labour market. Keywords: foreign immigration; coffee growing; industrialization; trade unionism; work relations.

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