“Female Laborers in the Church”: Women Preachers in the Northeastern United States, 1790–1840

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis Billington
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Women Preachers ◽  
Female Community ◽  
The Family ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
American Society ◽  
Prayer Meetings ◽  
Protestant Denominations ◽  
The Church

In recent years historians have emphasized the centrality of women to religious life, especially among the older Protestant denominations in the northeastern section of the United States. In the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, women and girls were usually the majority of attenders at prayer meetings and Sunday services, made up the bulk of converts at revivals and provided the greatest number of candidates for church membership. They were also great fund raisers not only for their own congregations, but for a network of inter-denominational missionary agencies which sprang up during the first two decades of the nineteenth century and helped to impress a more evangelical character upon American society. As Nancy Cott has argued, ministers may have seen this work as part of woman's appropriate and subordinate “sphere,” but for the women themselves “evangelical religion nourished the formation of a female community that served…as both a resource and a resort outside the family.”

The Protestant Episcopal Church, Black Nationalists, and Expansion of the West African Missionary Field, 1851–1871

1988 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Oldfield
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New York ◽  
The United States ◽  
West African ◽  
Second Century ◽  
The West ◽  
Episcopal Church ◽  
American Missionaries ◽  
Protestant Denominations ◽  
The Church

One of the most boldly conceived assaults on benighted Africa during the nineteenth century was that undertaken by mainline Protestant denominations in the United States. With the brash confidence characteristic of the age, hundreds of American missionaries were dispatched from New York and Baltimore to convert the heathen tribes of Africa and wrest a continent from ruin. If the experience of the Protestant Episcopal church is at all typical, however, these efforts not infrequently aroused suspicion and open hostility. In fact, Episcopal penetration of Liberia in the second half of the second century was remarkable for a long and bitter contest with black nationalists who were intent on using the church as a vehicle for their own personal and racial ambitions.

Sanctuary?

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-49
Author(s):  
Kayla Marie Martensen
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Women Of Color ◽  
White Women ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
State Violence ◽  
Women And Girls ◽  
American Society ◽  
Prison Populations ◽  
State Protection

Influenced by critical carceral studies and abolition feminism, this non-empirical work identifies a political, social and economic carceral system that is fueled by existing racist, sexist, classist, homophobic, ableist and xenophobic ideologies, which both minimize resources for Latinx/a women and girls and increases the level of state violence perpetrated against them. The consequences of dispossession, subjugation and stigmatization have impacted Latina/x women's access to livable waged jobs, healthcare, safe and healthy food and water, adequate living conditions, quality education, and acceptance in American society. This violence is justified and considered necessary by constructing Latina/x women and girls as unworthy of state protection and state resource and as threats to the economy, culture and politics of the United States. Latina/x women, like other women of color, are not afforded the protections extended to white women by the state. Many Americans do not see them as the “good victim”, but often they are the “bad woman”, “bad mother”, “sexual deviant”, exploited laborer, culturally defiant, and increasingly they are “illegal”, “criminal” and “terrorist”. This results in Latinx/a women and girls being more likely to be imprisoned than white women and are one of the fastest growing prison populations in the United States.

Gender Differences in Traditional Attitudes Toward Marriage and the Family

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
MOHAMMADREZA HOJAT ◽  
REZA SHAPURIAN ◽  
DANESH FOROUGHI ◽  
HABIB NAYERAHMADI ◽  
MITRA FARZANEH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Marital Dissolution ◽  
The United States ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Family ◽  
Female Immigrants ◽  
Attitudes Toward Marriage ◽  
American Society

This study compares Iranian male and female immigrants in the United States on their attitudes toward marriage and the family. Participants were 160 Iranians in the United States. A 10-item attitude scale measured the degree of traditional attitudes (a stand taken in the prevalent Iranian culture as opposed to that in the mainstream American society) toward premarital sex, marriage, and the family. Results showed Iranian men scored significantly higher than Iranian women on the traditional attitude scale ( p < .05, effect size estimate = .39). Gender difference remained significant after adjusting for participants' age. The attitudinal disparity between Iranian male and female immigrants observed in this study can provide an explanation for a high rate of marital dissolution among Iranians in the United States. Findings can also help in understanding some underlying issues that contribute to intra- and interpersonal tension among the immigrants with implications in marital and family therapy.

The African American Denominational Tradition: The Rise of Black Denominations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis C. Dickerson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
African American ◽  
Catholic Church ◽  
Black People ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
The United States ◽  
African American Leadership ◽  
Black Freedom ◽  
American Society ◽  
The Church

From the formation of the first independent African American Protestant denomination in the 1810s and 1820s to the opening decades of the 21st century, independent African American denominations have stood at the center of black religious life in the United States. Their longevity and influence have made them central to the preservation of black beliefs, practices, and rituals; have provided venues to promote movements for black freedom; and have incubated African American leadership in both the church and civic spheres. They have intertwined with every aspect of American and African American life, whether cultural, political, or economic, and they engaged the international involvement of American society and the diasporic interests of black people. Parallel assemblies composed of black ministers pastoring black congregations that remained within white denominations also emerged within the traditional white denominations, including the white Episcopal, Presbyterian, and Congregational Protestant groups, plus the Catholic Church. Although they eschewed withdrawing from the white denominations, their extramural bodies functioned as a virtual black ecclesia, or institutional bodies, even though they remained smaller than the growing independent black denominations. Together, the black preachers and parishioners in independent black denominations and inside traditional white denominations maintained churches characterized by proud histories and long records of frontline involvements in black freedom pursuits.

The Transplanted: Women and Family in Immigrant America

1988 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-253
Author(s):  
Donna Gabaccia
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Best Interests ◽  
Immigrant Communities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Casual Reader ◽  
New Synthesis ◽  
The Family ◽  
American Society

As any casual reader of John Bodnar’s major new synthesis, The Transplanted (1985), knows, the family is the central analytical concept in this work. Bodnar (1985: xvii) asks us to see immigrants’ adjustment to life in the United States in a new way—taking place at all “the points where immigrant families met the challenges of capitalism and modernity: the homeland, the neighborhood, the school, the workplace, the church, the family and the fraternal hall.” This represents a significant change—I would argue, an advance—over earlier studies which focused on the confrontation of ethnic groups with American society, on the interaction of modern and traditional cultures, or on the peculiarities of American class struggle (Handlin, 1951; Archdeacon, 1983; Cumbler, 1986).By focusing on small family units and a large economic system, Bodnar is able to escape from the confines of the case history, which has dominated immigration history since the late 1960s. Furthermore, he is able to focus quite properly on the considerable fragmentation that characterized most immigrant communities in the United States. Because small groups of immigrants responded to capitalism, they inevitably made differing decisions, both socially and ideologically; they also supported leaders with fundamentally conflicting views of the best interests and futures for immigrant communities. Bodnar’s immigrants, in other words, are human beings who make history, although never under conditions which they themselves determined. Furthermore, they are not isolated economist decision makers.

Joining The Church of Almighty God

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-69
Author(s):  
Massimo Introvigne
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Small Business ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Young Woman ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Church Members ◽  
Evangelical Church ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Church

The chapter discusses the phenomenal growth of The Church of Almighty God and explores the possible reasons for it. While hostile sources claim the church is “against the family,” a study of the church’s sacred scriptures shows that its view of the family is in fact surprisingly positive and conversions often occur through relatives. Five stories of persons who converted are then presented: a young woman raised as a Jehovah’s Witness, a young Chinese man born in the United States, a couple owning a small business in Arizona, and a pastor of an evangelical church in the Philippines. Their narratives reflects the emic narrative of conversion and insist on the persuasiveness of theology. A survey conducted among diaspora church members in three countries (South Korea, USA, the Philippines) shows that most members were in fact converted by relatives, and in turn tried to convert other relatives.

The Incorporation of American Religion: The Case of the Presbyterians

1991 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-118
Author(s):  
Louis Weeks
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Voluntary Associations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
American Religion ◽  
Cultural Patterns ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Protestant Denominations ◽  
Family Groups

The Christian church, including all its various branches, has been consistently susceptible to the forces that form or change cultures. Scholars claim that this adaptability has been extremely important in the rise and spread of the religion. In the American environment, Protestants formed voluntary associations that attracted people individually and by family groups. This environment actually shaped “denominations” even during the colonial period. One such denomination was the Presbyterians, who pioneered in the formation of a communion that existed as neither a “state church” nor a “dissenting” church body. As the United States experienced industrialization and growing complexity in economic and cultural patterns, the Protestant denominations were affected by those same forces. Thus, denominations naturally became what came to be termed “non-profit corporations,” subject to the limitations and problems of such organizations but also the beneficiaries of that system as well.

Pentecostalism and African diaspora : a case study of the Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG), in North America

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-92
Author(s):  
Rotimi Williams Omotoye
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North America ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Church Of God ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Christian Church ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Church

Pentecostalism as a new wave of Christianity became more pronounced in 1970's and beyond in Nigeria. Since then scholars of Religion, History, Sociology and Political Science have shown keen interest in the study of the Churches known as Pentecostals because of the impact they have made on the society. The Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG) was established by Pastor Josiah Akindayomi in Lagos,Nigeria in 1952. After his demise, he was succeeded by Pastor Adeboye Adejare Enock. The problem of study of this research was an examination of the expansion of the Redeemed Christian Church of God to North America, Caribbean and Canada. The missionary activities of the church could be regarded as a reversed mission in the propagation of Christianity by Africans in the Diaspora. The methodology adopted was historical. The primary and secondary sources of information were also germane in the research. The findings of the research indicated that the Redeemed Christian Church of God was founded in North America by Immigrants from Nigeria. Pastor Adeboye Enock Adejare had much influence on the Church within and outside the country because of his charisma. The Church has become a place of refuge for many immigrants. They are also contributing to the economy of the United States of America. However, the members of the Church were faced with some challenges, such as security scrutiny by the security agencies. In conclusion, the RCCGNA was a denomination that had been accepted and embraced by Nigerians and African immigrants in the United States of America.

THE INCEPTION AND EVOLUTION OF FINANCIAL REPORTING IN THE PROTESTANT EPISCOPAL CHURCH IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

1986 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Swanson ◽  
John C. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Episcopal Church ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
The Church

This research documents the emergence of accounting procedures and concepts in a centrally controlled not-for-profit organization during a period of change and consolidation. The evolution of accounting as prescribed by the General Canons is identified and its implementation throughout the church conferences is examined.

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