scholarly journals The Panics of 1854 and 1857: A View from the Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank

2003 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cormac Ó Gráda ◽  
Eugene N. White
Keyword(s):  
Asymmetric Information ◽  
Hazard Model ◽  
Savings Bank ◽  
Microeconomic Analysis ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Banking Panics ◽  
The Face ◽  
Important Time ◽  
True Condition ◽  
Bank Portfolios

Using records of individual depositors' accounts, this article provides a detailed microeconomic analysis of two banking panics. The panics of 1854 and 1857 were not characterized by an immediate mass panic of depositors and had important time dimensions. We examine depositor behavior using a hazard model. Contagion was the key factor in 1854 but it created only a local panic. The 1857 panic began with runs by businessmen and banking sophisticates followed by less informed depositors. Evidence suggests that this panic was driven by informational shocks in the face of asymmetric information about the true condition of bank portfolios.

scholarly journals Peran Notaris Dalam Penggunaan Akta SKMHT Yang Tidak Diikuti APHT Terhadap Debitor Wanprestasi Terkait Pemberian Fasilitas Kredit Pemilikan Rumah Subsidi (Studi Kasus di Bank Tabungan Negara Pekalongan)

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 275
Author(s):  
Rifki Yusuf ◽  
Maryanto Maryanto
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
The State ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Physical Security ◽  
Power Of Attorney ◽  
Savings Bank ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Right ◽  
Right Of Property

ABSTRAK Kabupaten Pekalongan merupakan lokasi yang memiliki potensi tinggi dalam penggunaan Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan (SKMHT), hal ini disebabkan oleh gencarnya pembangunan oleh masyarakat yang membutuhkan dana besar yang antara lain berasal dari kredit yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan lembaga Hak Tanggungan yang selanjutnya menimbulkan berbagai masalah seperti apabila debitor wanprestasi. BTN selaku kreditor dalam pemberian KPR bersubsidi kepada debitor umumnya tidak menguasai benda yang menjadi jaminan kredit secara fisik, tetapi hanya memiliki hak kebendaan secara administratif. Pengikatan obyek jaminan yang berupa tanah, yaitu Hak Milik, Hak Guna Bangunan dan Hak Guna Usaha, prosesnya hanya sampai dengan Surat Kuasa Membebankan Hak Tanggungan (SKMHT) saja, dengan tidak dibebankan Hak Tanggungan atas obyek jaminan tersebut, maka BTN belum memiliki hak kebendaan atas jaminan tersebut secara faktual.Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis peran notaris dalam hal debitor wanprestasi, penggunaan SKMHT yang tidak diikuti APHT dalam hal debitor wanprestasi terkait dengan pemberian fasilitas Kredit Pemilikan Rumah Subsidi pada Bank Tabungan Negara serta upaya pihak Bank Tabungan Negara dalam hal debitor wanprestasi terhadap pemberian fasilitas Kredit Pemilikan Rumah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode analisis kualitatif, yaitu data yang diperoleh disusun secara sistematis kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif agar dapat diperoleh kejelasan masalah yang akan dibahas.Dalam penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwa dalam menghadapi debitor wanprestasi Bank BTN mengambil langkah melakukan penjualan kembali dengan menggunakan kuasa menjual yang tercantum dalam akta “Pengakuan Hutang”, serta peningkatan SKMHT ke APHTkepada calon debitor, dan peran notaris yang hanya sebagai pembuat akta sehingga tidak turut serta jika terjadi wanprestasi.Kata kunci: Notaris, SKMHT, APHT, wanprestasi ABSTRACTPekalongan Regency is a location that has a high potential in the use of Power of Attorney Charging the Guarantee Right (SKMHT), this is caused by incessant development by people who need big fund which among others comes from the credit obtained by using the Mortgage Institution which further cause various problems such as if the debtor is defaulted. BTN as a creditor in the granting of subsidized KPR to the debtor generally does not control objects that become credit for physical security, but only have the right of property administratively. The binding of the object of collateral in the form of land, namely Right of Ownership, Building Rights and Cultivation Right, the process is only up to the Power of Attorney Charging the Guarantee Right (SKMHT) only, without the burden of the Guaranteed Fund on the object of the guarantee, BTN has no material right the guarantee is factual.The purpose of this study is to examine and analyze the role of a notary in the case of debtor wanprestasi, the use of SKMHT not followed APHT in the case of debtor wanprestasi associated with the provision of Subsidized House Ownership Credit in the State Savings Bank and the efforts of the State Savings Bank in the case of debt defaulting to the grant Housing Loan facility. The method used in this study is the method of qualitative analysis, the data obtained is arranged systematically and then analyzed qualitatively in order to obtain clarity of issues to be discussed.In this study it is concluded that in the face of debtor wanprestasi Bank BTN take steps to resell by using the power of sale which stated in deed "Recognition of Debt", and increase SKMHT to APHT to debitor candidate, and notary role which only as deed maker so do not participate if there was a default.Keywords: notary, SKMHT, APHT, wanprestasi

Climate Change Effects on Venomous Snakes

2019 ◽  
pp. 475-490
Author(s):  
Abdellah Bouazza ◽  
Moulay Abdelmonaim El Hidan ◽  
Abdelmohcine Aimrane ◽  
Kholoud Kahime ◽  
Aziza Lansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Clinical Scales ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
Venomous Snakes ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Face ◽  
Snake Toxins

The purpose of this chapter is to examine the evidence of a relationship between climatic changes and snake species distribution in relation with the snakebites risk increment against human populations. The global climatic change is a key factor leading to snake species behavioral changes mainly because of the rise of temperature. The variety of venomous snakes and their related potency toward human being have been well documented. Thus, this may serve as a basic knowledge for any preventive act in the face of snake toxins and their caused physiopathological and clinical effects. In addition, several studies have shown that global warming have caused a change in snake habitat and distribution, thus leading to an increase of overlapped human and snake populations living territories which raise up the risk of envenomation. Globally, more than 20,000 deaths occur every year with a high tendency to increase. Thus, consideration of human risk of envenomation may be fundamental to the effective intervention in epidemiological and clinical scales.

The Impact of the Work Environment on Innovation and Business Sustainability in SMEs

2021 ◽  
pp. 133-156
Author(s):  
Rafael Ignacio Pérez-Uribe ◽  
Solange Dianira Jordan Bustamante ◽  
Carlos Salcedo -Perez
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Business Sustainability ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
Innovation Processes

Innovation is a process, where the interpersonal relationships of employees are key to the creation of ideas that will contribute to the generation of value for organizations in the face of disruptive environments. This chapter analyzes the relationship between the work environment as a key factor and its impact on the development of innovation processes and business sustainability, taking as a sample 182 SMEs, from commercial, footwear, and textile sectors from the city of Cúcuta. The results showed an interrelation between the organizational climate and the culture of innovation as an agent that generates change that contributes to business sustainability.

The Great Transformation: 1970–1985

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven Brint ◽  
Jerome Karabel
Keyword(s):  
Community College ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
Junior College ◽  
Occupational Education ◽  
Subjective Perceptions ◽  
Occupational Programs ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Part Time Students ◽  
The Face ◽  
Part Time

During the 1970s, the community colleges were finally able to realize the vocationalization project that visionaries in the junior college movement from Koos to Gleazer had favored for almost half a century. Since the 1920s, as we saw in Chapters 2 and 3, the advocates of junior college vocationalization pursued their project in the face of persistent student indifference and occasional overt opposition. But in the early 1970s, a complex concatenation of forces—among them, a changed economic context and an unprecedented degree of support for vocational education from key institutions—including private foundations, the federal government, and business—tilted the balance in favor of the vocationalizers. A key factor behind the sharp increase in vocational enrollments at the community college, we shall argue, was the declining labor market for graduates of four-year institutions. But the objective change in the structure of economic opportunities for college graduates was not, as the consumer-choice model would have it, the sole factor responsible for the shift in junior college enrollments; indeed, the impact of such objective changes is, of necessity, mediated through subjective perceptions—perceptions that, we shall attempt to demonstrate below, tended to exaggerate the economic plight of college graduates. Moreover, the community college itself, driven by a powerful organizational interest in expanded enrollments and in carving out a secure niche for itself in the highly competitive higher education industry, actively shaped its economic environment by pursuing those segments of its potential market—in particular, adults and part-time students— most likely to enroll in occupational programs. By almost any standard, the rise in vocational enrollments during the 1970s was remarkable. Between 1970–1971 and 1979–1980, for example, the proportion of A.A. degrees awarded in occupational fields rose from 42.6 percent to 62.5 percent (Cohen and Brawer 1982, p. 203). With respect to total enrollments (full-time and part-time) the picture was similar: between 1970 and 1977, the proportion of students enrolled in occupational programs rose from less than one-third to well over half (Blackstone 1978). In the midst of a long-term decline in the liberal arts, Cohen and Brawer (1982, p. 23) observed, “occupational education stands like a colossus on its own.”

Decline and Fall

Idi Amin ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 276-309
Author(s):  
Mark Leopold
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Social Solidarity ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
The Social ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Many

This chapter studies Idi Amin's downfall. It begins by detailing how the death of Anglican Archbishop Janani Luwum led to wide international condemnation and galvanised the many competing opposition groups among the exiles. Between February 28 and March 3, 1978, a closed session of the UN Commission on Human Rights finally agreed to launch a formal investigation of human rights abuses in Uganda. By the end of 1978, the Tanzanian army, with a considerably smaller number of Ugandan refugee fighters, had massed in force near the border. In January of 1979, they crossed into Uganda. The key factor in the Tanzanians' victory was the overall weakness of the Ugandan troops. The chapter then explains how Amin's regime had destroyed much of the social solidarity and national feeling which had just about held the country together in the face of ethnic rivalries under the first Obote administration. This became evident in the chaos that followed the Tanzanian invasion, and especially under Milton Obote's second regime. Finally, the chapter describes Amin's retirement and analyses how he survived in power for so long.

A RESEARCH PAPER ON MONETARY POLICY AND INFRASTRUCTURAL GROWTH: FURTHER EVIDENCE FROM NIGERIA.

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 467-484
Author(s):  
Sunday Osahon Igbinedion
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Inflation Rate ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Capital Expenditure ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Single Digit ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Face

Extant economic literature has acknowledged monetary policy as a key factor influencing infrastructural growth through different channels, such as affordable housing and efficient transportation, among others. However, in recent times, the Nigeria’s experience suggests a conflicting position on the above supposition. It is against this backdrop that this study set out to investigate the nexus between monetary policy and infrastructural growth within the Nigerian context, time series data from 1981 to 2018, and utilizing the Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) estimation technique. The results show that both real interest rate and inflation rate exerted negative and statistically significant impact on infrastructural growth, while federal government capital expenditure and net official development assistance impacted positively on the level of infrastructural growth in the period under assessment. In the light of the study’s findings, the study recommends that, the monetary authority should carefully review existing lending interest rate downward to a single digit that will be investment driven particularly in the face of current global economic uncertainties occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic that has led to the collapse of many economies across the world.

Elastic Modulus Influence on the Forming Precision of Grinding Tool Bended for the Aspherical Surface Grinding

2014 ◽  
Vol 937 ◽  
pp. 391-395
Author(s):  
Chun Min Shang ◽  
Dong Mei Zhang ◽  
Jian Dong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Face Shape ◽  
Shape Precision ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Face ◽  
Forming Precision ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Mathematical Model

Elastic modulus error is the key factor influencing to the forming precision of grinding tool bended in the aspheric processing. The mathematical model of the grinding tool bended has been established through mechanics and the mathematics method, the error formula has been inferred and the influence of elastic modulus error has been analyzed, the calculating example has been given. The result indicates had to confirm material’s elastic modulus value according to the precision request of workpiece in choosing grinding tool material and control it in the certain scope, thus guaranteed the grinding tool the forming precision, further improve the workpiece the face shape precision.

scholarly journals ANALISIS STRATEGI PEMASARAN PADA PT GOJEK INDONESIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 568-579
Author(s):  
Yunita Yunita ◽  
Vicky Brama Kumbara ◽  
Ronni Andri Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
External Factors ◽  
External Threats ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Swot Matrix ◽  
The Face ◽  
Strategy Planning ◽  
Internal And External Factors ◽  
Effective Use ◽  
Keyword List

Trends motorcycle online has increased in recent years with the increasing need for fast transportation in Jakarta. Ease and speed of motorcycles message via applications and the speed of travel (travel time) becomes a key factor many motorcycle enthusiasts online. Gojek as pioneers face challenges in maintaining quality service and win the competition. The marketing strategy is one way to determine the competitiveness of each force. Effective Use of SWOT can play an important role in determining the marketing strategy, in order to know the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats faced by enterprise IT in maintaining the viability and continuity of the company. Issues to be resolved in this research is How to determine the internal and external factors which will affect the company's strategy and determine appropriate marketing strategy planning for Gojek. The research was conducted using the method of analysis of IFAs to analyze the internal factors, the analysis of EFAS to external factors, then, input into the model kuantittif ie SWOT matrix. Results of the analysis showed that, based on internal strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and external threats, four sets of strategic alternatives that may be taken by the manager of the company in the face of increasingly competitive. Standard nomenclature should be used and abbreviations should be avoided. No literature should be cited. The keyword list provides the opportunity to add keywords, used by the indexing and abstracting services, in addition to those already present in the title. Judicious use of keywords may increase the ease with which interested parties can locate our article

AMA Guides, Sixth Edition: Skin Impairment, An Overview

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
Jay Blaisdell ◽  
James B. Talmage
Keyword(s):  
Physical Examination ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Sixth Edition ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Whole Person ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of

Abstract The most common source of occupational skin disease is contact dermatitis, an inflammation caused by exposure to an allergen. Whenever possible, the evaluating physician should rely on objective evidence such as lichenification, excoriation, and hyperpigmentation rather than subjective complaints. Patch testing, biopsy, and sensory discrimination tests are reliable tools at the evaluating physician's disposal. Disfigurements of the face are rated using the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment (AMA Guides), Sixth Edition, Section 11.3, The Face, and Chapter 8, The Skin, is used for all other skin impairments. The evaluating physician records the history of the injury, evaluates the patient, and, in consultation with Table 8-3, notes any objective clinical studies to diagnose the pathology. The functional history, physical examination findings, and diagnostic test findings values then are assigned using Table 8-2; the functional history acts as the key factor and determines the patient's impairment class, physical examination, and diagnostic test findings, each acting as non-key factors, or modifiers. Finally, the non-key factors are used to modify the impairment rating from its default value within its impairment class, and the result is the final skin impairment rating expressed as whole person impairment. Chapter 8 is used only rarely in impairment rating in workers’ compensation cases, and examiners should study the chapter carefully before using it.

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