scholarly journals The Development of Snow and Glacier Research in Switzerland

1948 ◽  
Vol 1 (04) ◽  
pp. 192-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Haefeli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Institute

The evolution of snow and glacier research in Switzerland is outlined. The settling, creep, viscosity and slipping of the snow cover are discussed in detail and the relationship of these comparatively simple processes to the more complex movements in a glacier are described. The importance of further research in glacier physics in connection with the crystallographic and mechanical properties of ice is stressed; certain preliminary laboratory experiments and some subjects for further research in the field are suggested. The Great Aletsch Glacier is recommended for this owing to the proximity of the Jungfraujoch Research Institute and facilities for transport by the Jungfraujoch Railway.

scholarly journals The Development of Snow and Glacier Research in Switzerland

1948 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-201
Author(s):  
R. Haefeli
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Snow Cover ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Research Institute

The evolution of snow and glacier research in Switzerland is outlined. The settling, creep, viscosity and slipping of the snow cover are discussed in detail and the relationship of these comparatively simple processes to the more complex movements in a glacier are described. The importance of further research in glacier physics in connection with the crystallographic and mechanical properties of ice is stressed; certain preliminary laboratory experiments and some subjects for further research in the field are suggested. The Great Aletsch Glacier is recommended for this owing to the proximity of the Jungfraujoch Research Institute and facilities for transport by the Jungfraujoch Railway.

scholarly journals Interactions Between Chill-Hours and Degree-Days Affect Carpogenic Germination in Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi

2001 ◽  
Vol 91 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Scherm ◽  
A. T. Savelle ◽  
P. L. Pusey
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Carpogenic Germination ◽  
Conditioning Period ◽  
Low Degree ◽  
Heating Degree Days ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship of cumulative chill-hours (hours with a mean temperature <7.2°C) and heating degree-days (base 7.2°C) to carpogenic germination of pseudosclerotia of Monilinia vaccinii-corymbosi, which causes mummy berry disease of blueberry, was investigated. In two laboratory experiments, pseudosclerotia collected from rabbiteye blueberry in Georgia were conditioned at 5 to 6°C for 26 to 1,378 h prior to placement in conditions favorable for germination and apothecium development. The number of chill-hours accumulated during the conditioning period affected the subsequent proportion of pseudosclerotia that germinated and produced apothecia, with the greatest incidence of carpogenic germination occurring after intermediate levels of chilling (≈700 chill-hours). The minimum chilling requirement for germination and apothecium production was considerably lower than that reported previously for pseudo-sclerotia from highbush blueberry in northern production regions. The rate of carpogenic germination was strongly affected by interactions between the accumulation of chill-hours and degree-days during the conditioning and germination periods; pseudosclerotia exposed to prolonged chilling periods, once transferred to suitable conditions, germinated and produced apothecia more rapidly (after fewer degree-days had accumulated) than those exposed to shorter chilling periods. Thus, pseudosclerotia of M. vaccinii-corymbosi are adapted to germinate carpogenically following cold winters (high chill-hours, low degree-days) as well as warm winters (low chill-hours, high degree-days). Results were validated in a combined field-laboratory experiment in which pseudosclerotia that had received various levels of natural chilling were allowed to germinate in controlled conditions in the laboratory, and in two field experiments in which pseudosclerotia were exposed to natural chilling and germination conditions. A simple model describing the timing of apothecium emergence in relation to cumulative chill-hours and degree-days was developed based on the experiments. The model should be useful for better timing of field scouting programs for apothecia to aid in management of primary infection by M. vaccinii-corymbosi.

Study on the Relationship of the Quantity of CO2 Produced and the Wind Speed

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1638-1641
Author(s):  
Xian Long Sun ◽  
Er Xin Gao ◽  
Hong Fen Zhang ◽  
Qiang Wang ◽  
Li Juan Li
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Coal Seam ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Spontaneous Combustion ◽  
Geothermal Heat ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Based on the geological and the experimental data of the13#coal seam of Sun-Cun Coal Mine, the relationship curve between the geothermal heat in Sun-Cun coal mine and experimental wind speed has been fit out.According this and the laboratory experiments,the relational expression between the quantity of CO2 produced in the period of spontaneous combustion and the wind speed in the coal mine has been developed. The research results show that when the wind speed exceeds 2m/s,the quantity of CO2 produced has a sharp rising tendency.

Effect of Sintering Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of VС/Fe Composite

2012 ◽  
Vol 430-432 ◽  
pp. 978-983
Author(s):  
Guo Jun Zhang ◽  
Zhi Ping Sun ◽  
Li Yan Zou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Flexure Strength ◽  
Microstructure And Properties ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Composite Samples

VC/Fe composite samples were fabricated by sintering at 1050, 1100 and 1150°C in vacuum. The microstructure and mechanical properties of samples were examined, and the relationship of structure and mechanical properties for VC/Fe composite sintered at different temperature were studied. The results show that fracture toughness, hardness and density is increasing obviously at 1050-1100°Cwith the increasing sintering temperature, but the growth trend increases slowly at 1100-1150°C; in whole process with temperature increased, Flexure strength heighten trend obviously. The microstructure of VC/Fe composite changed from particles piled up together to the microstructure particles closely, VC particles set gradually into Fe with temperature increased, and the gap reduced gradually.

Nylon 66 / Nomex Composite Yarn Performance Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 568-570 ◽  
pp. 1671-1674
Author(s):  
Gen Yang Cao ◽  
Dan Sheng ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
Xue Feng Lu ◽  
Wei Lin Xu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Polyamide 66 ◽  
Nylon 66 ◽  
Composite Yarn ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The embedded composite spinning technology was applied in spinning the composite yarn of polyamide 66 and nomex .The relationship of the polyamide 66 and nomex’s content with the mechanical properties of composite yarn and hairiness was discussed. The method of cluster analysis was applied in analyzing the four kinds of yarn’s mechanical properties. And the results show that when the confidence interval is 95%, the significance of two kinds yarns were greater than 0.05. There is no significant difference between the programs. While the analysis of the hairiness data showed that the fourth solution’s harmful hairiness was much lower that the first solution’s. Therefore, the best solution is the fourth solution.

Evaluation of Grinding Performance by Mechanical Properties of Super Abrasive Wheel - Evaluation of Grade by Grinding Force

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 266-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takekazu Sawa ◽  
Naohiro Nishikawa ◽  
Yasushi Ikuse
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Diamond Wheel ◽  
Grinding Force ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Abrasive Wheel ◽  
Grinding Performance ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

There is the grade as one of the selection criteria of a grinding wheel like WA whetstone or GC whetstone. The grade of grinding wheel is defined as an index which shows the strength of connection of a grain and a grain, and is usually estimated by bending strength. There are many papers about the relationship between the grade of a grinding wheel and the grinding performance. And, the relationship between the grade of a grinding wheel and the grinding performance is almost clear. Also, the relationship between mechanical properties of a grinding wheel and the grade is also clear. On the other hand, since the grain layer of a super abrasive grinding wheel is thin, it is difficult to apply the conventional evaluation test of the grade. And, the evaluation method of the grade which can be adapted the super abrasive grinding wheel is not established. In addition, since the grade of a super abrasive grinding wheel is a manufacture manufacturer's original standard, there is a minute difference by manufacturer. The super abrasive grinding wheel as well as the grinding wheel is conjectured that the grade influences the grinding performance. Namely, it is important to relate the grade and the mechanical properties of a grain layer. However, researches which relate the grade, the grinding performance and the mechanical properties of a super abrasive grinding wheel are not done so far. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between the mechanical properties of a grain layer of a super abrasive grinding wheel and the grade, the grinding performance. The final objective of this study is to evaluate the grinding performance from mechanical properties of a grain layer of a super abrasive grinding wheel. The purpose of this report is to clarify relationship between the grade and the grinding force in a resinoid bond diamond wheel. The specific experiment procedure is as follows. When carrying out surface grinding of the diamond sticks using a grinding wheel, the relationship of the grade and the grinding force was clarified. And based on the knowledge acquired in this experiment, relationship between the grade of a super abrasive grinding wheel and the grinding force was considered. As the results, it confirmed that the grade of a resinoid bond diamond wheel could be evaluated by the grinding force.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Concrete Containing Liquefied Red Mud Subjected to Uniaxial Compression Loads

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 854 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gyeongcheol Choe ◽  
Sukpyo Kang ◽  
Hyeju Kang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Red Mud ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Peak Strain ◽  
Cement Type ◽  
Mixing Method ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This study used liquefied red mud (RM) sludge, an aluminum industry by-product, as a construction material. Accordingly, various methods were examined that used the fabricated liquefied red mud (LRM) as an admixture for concrete, and the mechanical properties of concrete were then evaluated according to the cement type and the amount of LRM. The LRM mixing methods (replacement and addition) were compared, and the slump and compressive strengths of concrete were evaluated for each method. To examine the mechanical properties according to the cement type and the amount of LRM, two types of cement (ordinary Portland cement and slag cement (SC)) were used, and 20 and 40 wt% LRM (with respect to the cement weight) were added. The mechanical properties of the stress–strain curve (SSC), compressive strength, peak strain, and elastic modulus were quantified. When the slump and compressive strength of concrete were considered based on the experimental results, the addition LRM mixing method was recommended as the appropriate method for LRM. As the addition of LRM increased, the mechanical properties of concrete degraded. However, when SC was used, the mechanical properties did not significantly change when different amounts of LRM were added (up to 20%). In addition, the SSC of LRM concrete could be approximated based on the use of the relationship of the compressive strength and peak strain according to the cement type and the amount of LRM.

NiTi Shape Memory Alloy Wire’s Constitutive Describe at Different Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 729 ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Guang Yong Yang ◽  
Yang Zhong ◽  
Zhi Fei Qiu ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Wei Na Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Niti Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Restoring Force ◽  
Intelligent Material ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

NiTi shape memory alloy is an intelligent drive and awareness materials which develop very rapidly and is used in many fields in recent years, whose mechanical properties are not only related to chemical composition, but also closely related to the temperature. This article aims to study the NiTi shape memory alloy wire’s constitutive behavior coupled thermal and mechanical properties at different temperatures. By analyzing the results, the relationship of NiTi shape memory alloy between deformation and the restoring force at elevated temperature is obtained, thus providing a basis for the engineering design and simulation process of NiTi intelligent material.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document