scholarly journals A comparative study of gram-negative aerobic bacilli in the faeces of babies born in hospital and at home

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Feeney ◽  
E. M. Cooke ◽  
R. Shinebaum
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Faecal Flora ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Breast Fed ◽  
At Home

SUMMARYExamination of the faeces of 50 babies born at home showed that bottle-fed babies carried significantly more Klebsiella, Proteus and Pseudomonas spp. and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli than did breast-fed babies. Bottle-fed babies born in hospital had a less mixed faecal flora than bottle-fed babies born at home. The possibility that bacterial contamination of home-prepared feeds may account for these differences requires investigation.

Chlorhexidine Resistance in Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Isolated From the Surfaces of Dispensers of Soap Containing Chlorhexidine

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 692-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Brooks ◽  
Mary A. Walczak ◽  
Rizwanullah Hameed ◽  
Patrick Coonan
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

AbstractBacterial contamination with pan-resistant Acinetobacter and Klebsiella, multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was noted on the surfaces of dispensers of hand soap with 2% chlorhexidine. Gram-negative isolates could multiply in the presence of 1% chlorhexidine. In contrast, MRSA was inhibited in vitro by chlorhexidine at concentrations as low as 0.0019%.

scholarly journals Incidence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from meat pie sold in a Nigerian North Central town

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Attah Obande ◽  
Ebele U. Umeh ◽  
Emmanuel Terese Azua ◽  
Aleruchi Chuku ◽  
Peter Adikwu
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Disc Diffusion ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
North Central ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus

Background and Objectives: Meat pie is a popular ready-to-eat food sold in Nigeria and is consumed by people of all classes and category. The study aimed to determine the incidence and susceptibility of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus isolated from meat pie to antibiotics commonly administered in Makurdi.Material and Methods: A total of 180 samples were collected and evaluated for bacterial contamination and presence of antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Contaminants were isolated and identified using biochemical test. Antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates was determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Eleven bacterial genera was identified.  Bacillus spp (85%) occurred most frequently, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (38.9%), while Edwardsiella spp (2.8%) occured the least.  Staphylococcus aureus was highly resistant to Cloxacillin (87.1%) but highly susceptible to Ofloxacin (88.6%).  Escherichia coli was resistant to Amoxycillin, Tetracycline, Cloxacillin and Augmentin but susceptible to Gentamicin and Ofloxacin. Conclusion: Meat pie sold in Makurdi habours Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli with multiple antibiotic resistance. Regulation of the production and retail process of meat pie is advocated as a possible means of reducing contamination and the risk of transferring antibiotic resistant bacteria to consumers.

scholarly journals Bacteriostasis of Escherichia coli by milk: I. Colonization of breast-fed infants by milk resistant organisms

1977 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean M. Dolby ◽  
Pauline Honour ◽  
H. B. Valman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Human Milk ◽  
Bacteriostatic Effect ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Gram Negative Organisms ◽  
Breast Fed

SUMMARYHuman milk has a bacteriostatic effect on Escherichia coli in vitro. The milks of 40 mothers were tested for this effect against E. coli isolated from their stools, from those of their own babies, and from those of babies not breast-fed. The milks had a direct bacteriostatic effect, not dependent on complement, on some but not all the strains of E. coli. Breast-fed babies receiving supplementary bottle feeds were colonized with milk-resistant strains, whereas bottle-fed babies and, surprisingly, babies completely breast-fed were colonized equally with milk-sensitive and milk-resistant strains, as were the mothers. These results suggest that the bacteriostatic effect of human milk, demonstrable in vitro does sometimes operate in vivo.The antibacterial activity of human milk is not influenced by the O, H or K antigens of E. coli and is effective against other Gram-negative organisms, e.g. Salmonella, Klebsiella, Proteus.

scholarly journals Pilicide ec240 Disrupts Virulence Circuits in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Greene ◽  
Jerome S. Pinkner ◽  
Erik Chorell ◽  
Karen W. Dodson ◽  
Carrie L. Shaffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pilus Biogenesis ◽  
Altered Regulation ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACTChaperone-usher pathway (CUP) pili are extracellular organelles produced by Gram-negative bacteria that mediate bacterial pathogenesis. Small-molecule inhibitors of CUP pili, termed pilicides, were rationally designed and shown to inhibit type 1 or P piliation. Here, we show that pilicide ec240 decreased the levels of type 1, P, and S piliation. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses using the cystitis isolate UTI89 revealed that ec240 dysregulated CUP pili and decreased motility. Paradoxically, the transcript levels of P and S pilus genes were increased during growth in ec240, even though the level of P and S piliation decreased. In contrast, the most downregulated transcripts after growth in ec240 were from the type 1 pilus genes. Type 1 pilus expression is controlled by inversion of thefimSpromoter element, which can oscillate between phase on and phase off orientations. ec240 induced thefimSphase off orientation, and this effect was necessary for the majority of ec240’s inhibition of type 1 piliation. ec240 increased levels of the transcriptional regulators SfaB and PapB, which were shown to induce thefimSpromoter phase off orientation. Furthermore, the effect of ec240 on motility was abolished in the absence of the SfaB, PapB, SfaX, and PapX regulators. In contrast to the effects of ec240, deletion of the type 1 pilus operon led to increased S and P piliation and motility. Thus, ec240 dysregulated several uropathogenicEscherichia coli(UPEC) virulence factors through different mechanisms and independent of its effects on type 1 pilus biogenesis and may have potential as an antivirulence compound.IMPORTANCECUP pili and flagella play active roles in the pathogenesis of a variety of Gram-negative bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections mediated by UPEC. These are extremely common infections that are often recurrent and increasingly caused by antibiotic-resistant organisms. Preventing piliation and motility through altered regulation and assembly of these important virulence factors could aid in the development of novel therapeutics. This study increases our understanding of the regulation of these virulence factors, providing new avenues by which to target their expression.

scholarly journals Survey on bacterial contamination of bidet toilets and relation to the interval of scrubbing these units

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 863-869
Author(s):  
Akira Tsunoda ◽  
Yoshihito Otsuka ◽  
Akihiro Toguchi ◽  
Kumiko Watanabe ◽  
Ryou Nishino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
District Hospital ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

Abstract We conducted a survey to investigate the distribution of bacteria recovered from the bidet toilets at a district hospital. The nozzle surface and spray water of 192 bidet toilets were sampled for contamination. Of the 192 toilets sampled, the nozzle surface of 167 (87%) and the spray water of 181 (94%) were found to be contaminated by one or more of the following organisms: Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., non-glucose-fermenting rods, other Gram-negative bacteria, other Gram-positive bacteria, and Candida spp. An extended spectrum of β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli was found in one nozzle surface and one spray water. The frequency of colonization with 104 or more recovered from the nozzle surface was significantly greater in the toilets scrubbed every week than that in the units scrubbed every day, but that from the spray water was not significantly different between the groups. The nozzle surface and the spray water in the bidet toilets were contaminated with a wide range of bacteria. Because the interval of scrubbing the toilets did not have an influence on the contamination of the spray water, self-cleaning mechanisms of spray water should be developed to prevent patients' possible infections.

Novel Benzoxazoles: Synthesis and Antibacterial, Antifungal, and Antitubercular Activity against Antibiotic-Resistant and -Sensitive Microbes

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 453-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Arisoy ◽  
Ozlem Temiz-Arpaci ◽  
Fatma Kaynak-Onurdag ◽  
Selda Ozgen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Antitubercular Activity ◽  
Candida Krusei ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Spectrum Activity ◽  
Broad Spectrum Activity

A new series of 5-(p-substituted benzamido/phenylacetamido)-2-(p-tert-butylphenyl)benzoxazole derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antimycobacterial activities against antibiotic-resistant and -sensitive Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as against Candida albicans and Candida krusei. The compounds possessed broad-spectrum activity against all of the tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and yeasts, their minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging between 16 - 128 μg/ml. One compound exhibited significant antibacterial activity (16 μg/ml) against an antibioticresistant Enterococcus faecalis isolate, having twice the potency of the compared standard drugs vancomycin and gentamycin sulfate. The compounds also showed moderate antitubercular activity with MIC values between 8 - 128 μg/ml against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and its clinical isolate.

Structural and functional properties of Escherichia coli-derived nucleoplasmin A comparative study of recombinant and natural proteins

2001 ◽  
Vol 268 (6) ◽  
pp. 1739-1748
Author(s):  
Aitor Hierro ◽  
Jesus M. Arizmendi ◽  
Javier De Las Rivas ◽  
M. Angeles Urbaneja ◽  
Adelina Prado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties

Antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity of Macrophomina phaseolina isolated from gummosis infected citrus reticulata

2013 ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Rubal C Das ◽  
Rajib Banik ◽  
Robiul Hasan Bhuiyan ◽  
Md Golam Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Macrophomina Phaseolina ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Citrus Reticulata ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative

Macrophomina phaseolina is one of the pathogenic organisms of gummosis disease of orange tree (Citrus reticulata). The pathogen was identified from the observation of their colony size, shape, colour, mycelium, conidiophore, conidia, hyaline, spore, and appressoria in the PDA culture. The crude chloroform extracts from the organism showed antibacterial activity against a number of Gram positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The crude chloroform extract also showed promising antifungal activity against three species of the genus Aspergillus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Shigella sonnie were 128 ?gm, 256 ?gm, 128 ?gm and 64 ?gm/ml respectively. The LD50 (lethal dose) values of the cytotoxicity assay over brine shrimp of the crude chloroform extract from M. phaseolina was found to be 51.79 ?gm/ml. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cujbs.v5i1.13378 The Chittagong Univ. J. B. Sci.,Vol. 5(1 &2):125-133, 2010

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