scholarly journals Satiety-enhancing products for appetite control: science and regulation of functional foods for weight management

2012 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. G. Halford ◽  
Joanne A. Harrold
Keyword(s):  
Weight Management ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Appetite Control

The current review considers satiety-based approaches to weight management in the context of health claims. Health benefits, defined as beneficial physiological effects, are what the European Food Safety Authority bases their recommendations on for claim approval. The literature demonstrates that foods that target within-meal satiation and post-meal satiety provide a plausible approach to weight management. However, few ingredient types tested produce the sustainable and enduring effects on appetite accompanied by the necessary reductions in energy intake required to claim satiety/reduction in hunger as a health benefit. Proteins, fibre types, novel oils and carbohydrates resistant to digestion all have the potential to produce beneficial short-term changes in appetite (proof-of-concept). The challenge remains to demonstrate their enduring effects on appetite and energy intake, as well as the health and consumer benefits such effects provide in terms of optimising successful weight management. Currently, the benefits of satiety-enhancing ingredients to both consumers and their health are under researched. It is possible that such ingredients help consumers gain control over their eating behaviour and may also help reduce the negative psychological impact of dieting and the physiological consequences of energy restriction that ultimately undermine weight management. In conclusion, industry needs to demonstrate that a satiety-based approach to weight management, based on single-manipulated food items, is sufficient to help consumers resist the situational and personal factors that drive overconsumption. Nonetheless, we possess the methodological tools, which when employed in appropriate designs, are sufficient to support health claims.

scholarly journals Potential benefits of satiety to the consumer: scientific considerations

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Hetherington ◽  
K. Cunningham ◽  
L. Dye ◽  
E. L. Gibson ◽  
N. T. Gregersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Convincing Evidence ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Dietary Control ◽  
Food Cues ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Mood And Cognition

Foods and dietary patterns that enhance satiety may provide benefit to consumers. The aim of the present review was to describe, consider and evaluate research on potential benefits of enhanced satiety. The proposal that enhanced satiety could only benefit consumers by a direct effect on food intake should be rejected. Instead, it is proposed that there is a variety of routes through which enhanced satiety could (indirectly) benefit dietary control or weight-management goals. The review highlights specific potential benefits of satiety, including: providing appetite control strategies for consumers generally and for those who are highly responsive to food cues; offering pleasure and satisfaction associated with low-energy/healthier versions of foods without feeling ‘deprived’; reducing dysphoric mood associated with hunger especially during energy restriction; and improved compliance with healthy eating or weight-management efforts. There is convincing evidence of short-term satiety benefits, but only probable evidence for longer-term benefits to hunger management, possible evidence of benefits to mood and cognition, inadequate evidence that satiety enhancement can promote weight loss, and no evidence on which consumers would benefit most from satiety enhancement. The appetite-reducing effects of specific foods or diets will be much more subtle than those of pharmaceutical compounds in managing hunger; nevertheless, the experience of pharmacology in producing weight loss via effects on appetite suggests that there is potential benefit of satiety enhancement from foods incorporated into the diet to the consumer.

scholarly journals Systematic review of the evidence for sustained efficacy of dietary interventions for reducing appetite or energy intake

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. G. Halford ◽  
Una Masic ◽  
Cyril F. M. Marsaux ◽  
Andrew J. Jones ◽  
Anne Lluch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Acute Effect ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Intention To Treat ◽  
Registration Number ◽  
Objective Basis ◽  
Acute Results

AbstractIntroduction:In the broad literature on the effects of ingredients, foods and diets on appetite and energy intake (EI), most trials involve a single acute intervention. It is unclear whether these acute results are generally sustained over longer periods. Researchers and regulators therefore lack an objective basis to judge the appropriate duration of efficacy trials in appetite control, to have confidence that acute effects are likely to be maintained. This gap creates uncertainty in requirements and study designs for the substantiation of satiety-enhancing approaches to help in controlling eating behaviour.Materials and Methods:A systematic search of literature (Prospero registration number CRD42015023686) identified studies testing both the acute and chronic effects of food-based interventions aimed at reducing appetite or EI. From 9680 unique records identified from titles and abstracts, 178 papers were selected for full screening. Twenty-six trials met the inclusion criteria and provided data sufficient for use in this analysis, and were also scored for risk of bias (RoB) indicators.Results:Most of these trials (21/26) measured appetite outcomes and over half (14/26) had objective measures of EI. A significant acute effect of the intervention was retained in 10 of 12 trials for appetite outcomes, and six of nine studies for EI. Initial effects were most likely retained where these were more robust and studies adequately powered. Where the initial, acute effect was not statistically significant, a significant effect was later observed in only two of nine studies for appetite and none of five studies for EI. The main sources of RoB were lack of a priori power calculations and failure to report analyses based on intention-to-treat. Furthermore, 12/26 studies were not adequately powered to detect a meaningful reduction in appetite (~10%).Discussion:Maintenance of acute intervention effects on appetite or EI need to be confirmed, but seems likely where the initially observed effects are robust and replicable in adequately powered studies.

scholarly journals Effect on appetite control of minor cereal and pseudocereal products

2005 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 850-858 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiana Berti ◽  
Patrizia Riso ◽  
Antonella Brusamolino ◽  
Marisa Porrini
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Total Energy Intake ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Alternative Crop ◽  
Alternative Crops ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Potential Impact

Recent findings suggest that Western diets based on highly palatable foods are likely to be much less satiating than more traditional diets or those typical of less developed countries. In particular, some alternative crops (for example, buckwheat, oat, barley, spelt, rye, quinoa, amaranth) seem to be of great nutritional interest and to represent important recipes for healthier and typical regional foods. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect on subsequent food intake and feelings of satiety of alternative oat bread, oat and buckwheat pasta and of quinoa as compared with their wheat counterparts and rice, respectively. Three different experiments (one specific for each alternative crop food) were conducted, all with a within-subjects design. The preloading paradigm strategy was used. Results showed that preload energy level influenced total energy intake (preload plus ad libitum test meal intake), larger preloads inducing more eating than smaller preloads. No effect of formulation was observed on energy intake, as the consumption of alternative crop formulations did not decrease the total energy intake as compared with that of the counterparts. Satiating efficiency indices (SEI) for alternative crop foods were higher with respect to traditional cereal foods. In particular, white bread was the least satisfying food (SEI =0·2) and the different time of consumption (for lunch or as a snack) did not affect energy intake. In conclusion, oat or buckwheat formulations, and also quinoa, may be exploited for their potential impact on eating behaviour, particularly considering they are good sources of functional substances.

scholarly journals Eight-day consumption of inulin added to a yogurt breakfast lowers postprandial appetite ratings but not energy intakes in young healthy females: a randomised controlled trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Heap ◽  
Jessica Ingram ◽  
Marron Law ◽  
Amy J. Tucker ◽  
Amanda J. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Hormonal Contraceptives ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Desire To Eat ◽  
Repeated Consumption ◽  
Healthy Females

AbstractIncreasing feelings of satiety may reduce appetite and energy intake. The role of inulin consumption in impacting satiety is unclear. A randomised double-blind controlled crossover trial aimed to determine the effects of inulin+yogurt on satiety after 1 and 8-d consumption. The preload breakfast included 100 g vanilla yogurt with (yogurt-inulin (YI)) and without (yogurt-control (YC)) 6 g inulin. A total of nineteen healthy females (22·8 (sd 2·7) years) with non-restrained eating behaviour and taking hormonal contraceptives participated in the study. Day 1 and 8 visual analogue scale (VAS) ratings of Hunger, Fullness, Desire to Eat and Prospective Food Consumption (PFC) were collected at fasting and every 30 min for 180 min. Energy intake was calculated from a weighed ad libitum lunch and remainder of day food records. Total AUC was calculated for each VAS. Day 1 (VAS only) and 8 (VAS and energy intakes) data were compared between YI and YC using ANCOVA, and ANOVA was used to compare energy intakes on Day 1. There were no significant differences between Day 1 YI and YC AUC appetite ratings or energy intakes. However, 8-d consumption of YI v. YC was associated with lower Desire to Eat and PFC ratings but similar lunch and total day energy intakes. Therefore, the addition of 6 g inulin to a commercially available yogurt affected feelings of appetite, but not energy intake, after repeated consumption. These results suggest that inulin may be a suitable ingredient to increase dietary fibre consumption, with potential to impact appetite.

scholarly journals Eating habits and physical activity in working adults: a formative research

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Badillo-Camacho ◽  
S Torres-Castro ◽  
MF Bernal-Orozco ◽  
NM Torres-Carrillo ◽  
M Altamirano-Martínez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Sugary Drinks

Abstract Background: Eating habits and physical activity are important factors for the development and prevention of non-communicable diseases. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyse the beliefs, behaviours, and experiences of dietary and physical activity habits based on the constructs of the Social Cognitive Theory (SCT). Methods: An exploratory study with a qualitative methodology and a phenomenological study design was conducted using focus groups, in-depth interviews, and indirect non-participatory observation. The sessions were audio-recorded and transcribed with prior written informed consent. Data analysis was performed using a hybrid approach.Results: Workers reported that they do not eat vegetables or fruits daily; however, the consumption of fast food and sugary drinks was frequent. Participants’ behaviour is influenced by environmental factors such as reinforcements (economic bonus and company meetups & events), barriers (workplace policies) and facilitators (availability of drinking water, free tortillas , dining rooms, and recreational areas); and personal factors, such as low self-control when when choosing foods from the grains group (e.g. Mexican pastries, noodles and breads), and emotional confrontation (e.g. few workers try to use strategies to confront their emotions and avoid them from affecting their eating and physical activity). On the other hand, participants indicated not feeling capable of eating specific foods due to their taste, for example vegetables, and doing physical activity due to factors such as time. Finally, other key elements influencing workers’ behaviours were observational learning (participants eating behaviour and physical activity are influenced by their coworkers and family’s behaviours), social support (coworkers and family) and outcome expectations (participants’ hoping to improve their health by eating healthy and physical activity behaviours).Conclusions: Workers’s eating behaviour and physical activity could be modified if different influencing factors are simultaneously addressed. These findings will contribute to the development of worksite health programs, based on the SCT, to address the key factors that could improve workers’ eating behaviours and physical activity. Keywords: Eating habits, physical activity, adults, workers, workplace programs, qualitative research, Social Cognitive Theory.

scholarly journals PERAN PENDEKTAN KONSELING BERBASIS DIALECTICAL BEHAVIOR THERAPY (DBT) DALAM MENDUKUNG PEMULIHAN TRAUMA PADA PEREMPUAN YANG MENGALAMI KDRT

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Diana Christina ◽  
Irwanto Irwanto
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Behavior Therapy ◽  
Dialectical Behavior Therapy ◽  
Distress Tolerance ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Gain Control ◽  
Abusive Behavior ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Depression Level ◽  
Counseling Technique

Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga mengacu pada segala bentuk perilaku semena-mena yang tidak hanya berupa kekerasan fisik, tetapi juga kekerasan verbal dan seksual. Kekerasan dalam rumah tangga adalah sebuah fenomena yang telah menarik perhatian dunia karena perilaku kasar yang diterima perempuan dari pasangannya dalam jangka panjang, yang mengarah pada konsekuensi buruk kesehatan mental seperti PTSD dalam bentuk pikiran yang mengganggu, mimpi buruk, kilas balik, hypervigilances, dan emosi-emosi negatif berlebih (kesedihan, kemarahan, kekecewaan, keputusasaan) yang dapat menyebabkan pikiran untuk bunuh diri. Dua wanita yang mengalami kekerasan dalam rumah tangga dan saat ini tinggal di tempat penampungan berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Mereka diberikan teknik konseling berbasis Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) untuk membantu mereka menerima pengalaman mereka tanpa dihakimi dan untuk meningkatkan kapasitas mereka untuk mengendalikan pikiran dan emosi mereka. Konseling berbasis DBT diberikan dalam tiga sesi; toleransi terhadap tekanan, mindfulness, dan regulasi emosi. Kami melibatkan dua peserta perempuan yang diberi tempat tinggal sementara. Screening menggunakan Beck Depression Index (BDI-II) yang menunjukkan setidaknya tingkat depresi menengah atas, dan checklist tentang jenis kekerasan, dampak fisik dan psikologis yang disebabkan oleh perilaku pasangannya yang kasar. Setelah tiga sesi konseling berbasis DBT, peserta mulai mendapatkan kendali atas hidup mereka, menunjukkan peningkatan dalam kepercayaan diri dan menjunjung tinggi keyakinan bahwa mereka dapat maju. Domestic violence refers to any kind of abusive behavior that is not only physical, but also verbal and sexual violence. Domestic violence is a phenomenon that has garnered the worldwide attention due to the long term abusive behaviors that women have received from their partners, which leads to serious mental health consequences such as PTSD in the forms of intrusive thought, nightmares, flashback, hypervigilances, and overwhelming  negative emotions (sadness, anger, disappointment, hopelessness) that may lead to suicidal thoughts. Two women who experienced domestic abuse and currently living in a shelter particiated in this study. They were provided with a counseling technique based on (DBT) to help them accept their experiences without any judgement and to enhance their capacity to controlling their thoughts and emotion. Counseling based on DBT was given in three sessions; distress tolerance, mindfulness, and emotion regulation. We involved two female participants who were provided with a temporary shelter. Screening using a Beck Depression Index (BDI-II) showed at least moderate depression level and above, and a checklist form about the type of violence, physical and psychological impact caused by their abusive partner’s behavior. After three sessions of counseling based on DBT, participants started to gain control of their lives, show improvements in self-confidence and uphold a belief that they can move forward.

scholarly journals Barriers to weight management in pregnant mothers with obesity: a qualitative study on mothers with low socioeconomic background

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahimeh Mehrabi ◽  
Najva Ahmaripour ◽  
Sara Jalali-Farahani ◽  
Parisa Amiri
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Personal Factors ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Low Socioeconomic

Abstract Background Maternal obesity is a public health issue that could affect both women’s and children’s health. This qualitative study aimed to identify barriers to weight management of pregnant women with obesity and low socioeconomic backgrounds. Methods The current qualitative study has been conducted using a grounded theory approach by analyzing data collected from in-depth interviews with clients of Tehran’s public health care centers for prenatal care. The criteria for selecting participants were excessive weight gain during the first two trimesters of pregnancy, low socioeconomic status, and willingness to share their experiences. A semi-structured guide consisting of open-ended questions was asked in a private room. Open, axial, and selective coding were applied to the data. Findings Four main themes emerged from data, each of which has some subcategories: 1) personal factors (unpleasant emotions and feelings, personal tastes/hobbies, workload and responsibilities, and history of diseases), 2) pregnancy status (unintended and high-risk pregnancy), 3) interpersonal relationships and support (lack of a spouse’s support and unhealthy role modeling of relatives), 4) socio-cultural factors/influences (social norms and values, lack of access to health services, and unreliable information channels). Conclusions This study provides an overview of the barriers to the weight management of pregnant women from low socioeconomic backgrounds. The results could help develop appropriate health strategies for low socioeconomic women with obesity. Also, health care providers for this group of women could use these findings as a guide to consider their conditions and background.

scholarly journals Claims on Ready-to-Eat Cereals: Are Those With Claims Healthier?

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Parra-Murillo ◽  
Caitlin M. Lowery ◽  
Luis F. Gómez ◽  
Mercedes Mora-Plazas ◽  
Lindsey Smith Taillie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Health Claims ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cereal Products ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Advertising Law ◽  
Quality Of Products

Background: The use of advertising content strategies that suggest consuming a product will confer nutrient- and health-related benefits influences household food purchasing decisions, which increases consumption of energy-dense, nutrient-poor products. We examined the presence of marketing claims regarding nutrient content, health and nature in ready-to-eat (RTE) cereal packages in relation to the products' nutritional quality.Methods: A cross-sectional content analysis was conducted on 178 RTE cereal packages available in the six largest supermarket chains in four Colombian cities from August to November 2018. The nutritional quality of products was assessed through the nutrient profile model established by the Chilean Law of Food Labeling and Advertising law.Results: All products sampled exceeded the regulation threshold for at least one nutrient of concern (e.g., high-in calories and/or sugar). The majority (66.3%) of packages had claims related to nature, 57.3% had nutrient-content claims, and 15.7% had health benefit or risk avoidance claims. Most products with nature, nutrient-content, and health claims were high in energy (99.2, 98.0, and 92.9%, respectively) and sugar (88.1, 87.3, and 92.9%, respectively).Conclusion: RTE cereal products offered in major Colombian supermarket chains are heavily marketed using nutrition- and nature-related claims. Nearly all products with claims are high in energy and sugar, despite the messages conveyed by the claims to consumers. Results support the implementation of mandatory regulations restricting claims on food and beverage products high in nutrients of concern.

scholarly journals Daily energy balance and eating behaviour during a 14-day cold weather expedition in Greenland

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 968-977 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyne Charlot ◽  
Didier Chapelot ◽  
Philippe Colin ◽  
Cyprien Bourrilhon
Keyword(s):  
Energy Balance ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Food Preference ◽  
Eating Behaviour ◽  
Cold Weather ◽  
Visual Analog Scales ◽  
Reward Value ◽  
Daily Energy ◽  
Energy Compensation ◽  
Cold Energy

We assessed energy compensation, appetite, and reward value of foods during a 14-day military expedition in Greenland realized by 12 male French soldiers, during which energy compensation was optimized by providing them with easy-to-eat palatable foods in excess. Although daily energy expenditure (estimated by accelerometry) stayed relatively constant throughout the expedition (15 ± 9 MJ·day−1), energy intake (EI; estimated by self-reported diaries) was 17% higher during the D8–D14 period compared with the D1–D7 period, leading to a neutral energy balance (EB). Body fat mass (BFM) significantly decreased (–1.0 ± 0.7 kg, p < 0.001) but not body mass (BM). Neither hunger scores (assessed by visual analog scales) nor components of the reward value of food (explicit liking (EL) and food preference) were significantly altered. However, changes in EL at D10 were positively correlated with changes in BM (r = 0.600, p < 0.05) and BFM (r = 0.680, p < 0.05) and changes in hunger in the EI of the relevant period (r = 0.743, p < 0.01 for D1–D7, r = 0.652, p < 0.05 for D8–14). This study shows that the negative EB and BM loss can be attenuated by an appropriate food supply and that subjective components of eating behaviour, such as hunger and EL, may be useful to predict the magnitude of energy compensation. Novelty Energy intake increases during of a 14-day expedition in the cold. Energy compensation was likely facilitated by providing participants with easy-to-eat palatable and familiar foods. Hunger scores and EL for energy-dense foods were associated with high EIs and low BM changes.

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