Dietary deficiencies in middle-aged obese Polish men and women

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Witkowska ◽  
Anna Waśkiewicz ◽  
Małgorzata E. Zujko ◽  
Danuta Szcześniewska ◽  
Urszula Stepaniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Obese People ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Recall Method ◽  
Recommended Level

AbstractObesity predisposes to such health conditions, as cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, osteoarthritis. Poor diet is among the common causes of obesity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the intake of macro- and micronutrients in obese Polish men and women in accordance with the recommended intakes. Two hundreds ninety seven obese men (BMI > 30) and 412 obese women, aged 45–65 years, participants of the population-based cross-sectional Polish National Multicenter Health Examination Surveys - WOBASZ (2003–2005) and WOBASZ II (2013–2014) were selected for the study. Nutritional data were collected using a single 24-hour dietary recall method. Nutrient content in the diet was calculated according to national tables of food composition and compared to the current dietary recommendations. Anthropometric measurements were recorded using standard anthropometric procedures. Descriptive statistics were used for the determination of means, standard deviations (SD), median, and for the percentage analyses of the macro- and micronutrient intakes. In men the average energy from fat was 37.8%, while in the women 35.5%, compared to 20–35% recommended, while for saturated fat it was 13.95% in men and 13.37% in women, compared to the recommended level of less than 10%. A low percentage of men (M) and women (W) implementing dietary recommendations for vitamin D (M = 3.03%, W = 0.97%), calcium (M = 9.09%, W = 7.52%), magnesium (M = 22.22%, W = 35.92%), saturated fats (M = 17.85%, W = 19.90%), folates (M = 22.90%, W = 14.08%) and dietary fiber (M = 31.31%, W = 18.45%) was found. The highest percentage of participants who consumed the recommended amounts was found in the case of iron (M = 95.62%, W = 84.22%). About 1 % of obese participants were on a weight-reducing diet, while 10% of men and 11% of women were on other diets (low-cholesterol, low-fat, diabetic). In this study energy intake from total and saturated fat was higher than the recommended level. This indicates the incorrect structure of energy in the meals of obese middle-aged people. The mean intake of dietary fiber was below the recommended 25 g/day both in men and women. An adequate fiber intake ensures better glycemic control, satiety and prevents constipation. A limitation of this study is the use of a 24-hour dietary recall method, that may not reflect long-term food consumption. Also obese people tend to underreport how much food they consume. However, in this study about one tenth of the participants reported that they are on a diet. This study showed that dietary deficiencies are common in middle-aged obese Polish men and women.

scholarly journals How well do Australian women comply with dietary guidelines?

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kylie Ball ◽  
Gita D Mishra ◽  
Christopher W Thane ◽  
Allison Hodge
Keyword(s):  
Economic Status ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
National Guidelines ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Behavioural Characteristics ◽  
Increased Risk

AbstractObjective:To investigate the proportion of middle-aged Australian women meeting national dietary recommendations and its variation according to selected sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics.Design:This cross-sectional population-based study used a food-frequency questionnaire to investigate dietary patterns and compliance with 13 commonly promoted dietary guidelines among a cohort of middle-aged women participating in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health.Setting:Nation-wide community-based survey.Subjects:A total of 10 561 women aged 50–55 years at the time of the survey in 2001.Results:Only about one-third of women complied with more than half of the guidelines, and only two women in the entire sample met all 13 guidelines examined. While guidelines for meat/fish/poultry/eggs/nuts/legumes and ‘extra’ foods (e.g. ice cream, chocolate, cakes, potatoes, pizza, hamburgers and wine) were met well, large percentages of women (68–88%) did not meet guidelines relating to the consumption of breads, cereal-based foods and dairy products, and intakes of total and saturated fat and iron. Women working in lower socio-economic status occupations, and women living alone or with people other than a partner and/or children, were at significantly increased risk of not meeting guidelines.Conclusions:The present results indicate that a large proportion of middle-aged Australian women are not meeting dietary guidelines. Without substantial changes in their diets, and help in making these changes, current national guidelines appear unachievable for many women.

Reproducibility of 24-hour dietary recall for vitamin intakes by middle-aged Japanese men and women

2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Kubota ◽  
K. Maruyama ◽  
S. Sato ◽  
Y. Ishikawa ◽  
T. Shimamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Aged ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dietary Recall

scholarly journals High-Sugar, High-Saturated-Fat Dietary Patterns Are Not Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Middle-Aged Adults in a Prospective Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 148 (10) ◽  
pp. 1598-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Vermeulen ◽  
Anika Knüppel ◽  
Martin J Shipley ◽  
Ingeborg A Brouwer ◽  
Marjolein Visser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
High Sugar

Abstract Background The consumption of unhealthy “Western” dietary patterns has been previously associated with depressive symptoms in different populations. Objective We examined whether high-sugar and high-saturated-fat dietary patterns are associated with depressive symptoms over 5 y in a British cohort of men and women. Methods We used data from the Whitehall II study in 5044 individuals (aged 35–55 y). Diet was assessed at phase 7 (2003–2004) using a validated food-frequency questionnaire. Dietary patterns were derived by using reduced rank regression with sugar, saturated fat, and total fat as response variables. The Center for Epidemiological Studies–Depression (CES-D) scale was used to assess depressive symptoms (CES-D sum score ≥16 and/or use of antidepressant medication) at phase 7 and at phase 9 (2008–2009). We applied logistic regression analyses to test the association between dietary patterns and depressive symptoms. All analyses were stratified by sex. Results In total, 398 cases of recurrent and 295 cases of incident depressive symptoms were observed. We identified 2 dietary patterns: a combined high-sugar and high-saturated-fat (HSHF) and a high-sugar dietary pattern. No association was observed between the dietary patterns and either incidence of or recurrent depressive symptoms in men or women. For example, higher consumption of the HSHF dietary pattern was not associated with recurrent depressive symptoms in men (model 3, quartile 4: OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.36, 1.23; P-trend = 0.13) or in women (model 3, quartile 4: OR: 1.26; 95% CI: 0.58, 2.77; P-trend = 0.97). Conclusion Among middle-aged men and women living in the United Kingdom, dietary patterns containing high amounts of sugar and saturated fat are not associated with new onset or recurrence of depressive symptoms.

scholarly journals Providing Infants with the Best Start in Life: Identification of Nutrient Gaps in Women of Childbearing Age in the United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 971-971
Author(s):  
Prasad Devarshi ◽  
LeeCole Legette ◽  
Kelly Higgins ◽  
Ryan Grant ◽  
Susan Hazels Mitmesser
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin A ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Health Examination ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Usual Intake

Abstract Objectives Folate, iron, iodine, DHA, choline, zinc, vitamin A, D, B6 and B12 are key nutrients for supporting the baby's neurodevelopment from conception, throughout pregnancy and for the first two years of life. The objective of this study is to determine total estimated usual nutrient intakes and to identify nutrient gaps by comparing the intakes to corresponding Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) or Adequate Intake (AI), as well as the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) in women of childbearing age (15–44 years). Methods Usual intake of nutrients from food and food + supplements were estimated using the National Cancer Institute method from 2 valid 24-hr dietary recalls among 4134 women aged 15–44 years (further grouped into 15–30 and 31–44 years) in NHANES 2011–16, a cross-sectional nationally representative health examination survey. Results The mean age of the sample population was 29.2 ± 0.3 years, with a majority non-Hispanic white (54.9%) and high income (55%, PIR > 1.85). The percentage of women that had usual intake from food less than the EAR was as follows (percentage for 15–30 year old followed by percentage for 31–44 year old): vitamin D (>97%, > 97%), vitamin E (92% ± 1.0%, 88% ± 1.4%), magnesium (62% ± 1.9%, 44% ± 1.8%), vitamin A (50% ± 2.3%, 44% ± 2.2%), calcium (49% ± 1.6%, 44% ± 1.9%), vitamin C (47% ± 2.2%, 46% ± 2.2%). The percentage of women that had total usual intake below the AI was approximately (percentage for 15–30 year old followed by percentage for 31–44 year old): choline (96%, 94%), dietary fiber (96%, 92%), potassium (66%, 68%), vitamin K (43%, 43%). Conclusions A significant percentage of the women of childbearing age are not meeting the dietary recommendations for vitamin A, D, E, K, C, magnesium, calcium, choline, potassium and dietary fiber. The influence of which can be substantial; when infants are not given the best start in life, our society is directly impacted. Funding Sources This study was funded by Pharmavite LLC.

scholarly journals Status and trends in consumption of grains and dietary fiber among Chinese adults (1982–2015)

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 43-53
Author(s):  
Dongmei Yu ◽  
Liyun Zhao ◽  
Wenhua Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Chinese Population ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Per Capita

Abstract The objectives of this review were to investigate the status and characteristics of national grain consumption and dietary fiber intake among Chinese adults (aged ≥20 years) and to examine trends in consumption from 1982 to 2015. Data from 5 national surveys that collected dietary information using a household food weighing method and 24-hour dietary recall over 3 consecutive days were analyzed. In 2015, mean grain consumption was 281.1 g/per capita/d (rice 145.6 g, wheat flour 120.7 g, other grains 14.8 g). Total dietary fiber intake was 9.7 g/per capita/d, of which 3.8 g/per capita/d came from grains and accounted for nearly 40% of total dietary fiber intake for adults. The other major sources of dietary fiber were vegetables and fruits. The data indicates consumption of grains and dietary fiber in the Chinese population has been continuously declining since 1982 and the consumption of refined grains has increased. In order for the Chinese population to meet dietary recommendations for whole grain and dietary fiber intake, increasing the availability of more appealing whole grain products and public education are recommended.

The reproducibility of 24-h dietary recall for estimating mineral intakes and their food sources among middle-aged Japanese men and women

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (sup7) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Koutatsu Maruyama ◽  
Yoshimi Kubota ◽  
Shinichi Sato ◽  
Yoshinori Ishikawa ◽  
Takashi Shimamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Sources ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dietary Recall

scholarly journals Nutrient Composition Comparison between the Low Saturated Fat Swank Diet for Multiple Sclerosis and Healthy U.S.-Style Eating Pattern

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine A. Chenard ◽  
Linda M. Rubenstein ◽  
Linda G. Snetselaar ◽  
Terry L. Wahls
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Nutritional Adequacy ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
The Central Nervous System

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an incurable degenerative disease that attacks the central nervous system. Roy Swank proposed a low saturated fat diet to treat MS around 1950 and showed delayed disease progression in his patients. However, there is insufficient evidence to recommend this diet for MS and default dietary recommendations are the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA). This study assessed the nutritional adequacy of seven-day menus developed by Swank and their compliance with the DGA; menus were modeled for comparison with the DGA Healthy US-Style Eating Pattern (HEP) for males and females 31–50 years. Swank recommended dietary supplements corrected menu shortfalls in vitamins D, E, calcium, folate and iron but not dietary fiber, potassium and choline. Healthy Eating Index-2015 score for Swank menus (93.2/100) indicated good compliance with the DGA. Nutritional adequacy of the Swank modeled diet was similar to HEP for 17 vitamins and minerals (Mean Adequacy Ratios ≥94%) with similar shortfall nutrients except magnesium (HEP males) and dietary fiber (Swank males). Alternate Healthy Eating Index-2010 scores for Swank male (90/110) and female (88/110) model diets were similar to HEP. Swank menus have similar nutritional adequacy as HEP. Inclusion of foods high in dietary fiber, potassium and choline may be advised as well as selection of foods to reduce sodium below the Tolerable Upper Intake Level.

Dietary Fiber Intake of Children: The Bogalusa Heart Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 988-994
Author(s):  
Theresa A. Nicklas ◽  
Leann Myers ◽  
Gerald S. Berenson
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fiber ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Fiber Intake ◽  
Total Dietary Fiber ◽  
Bogalusa Heart Study ◽  
White Children ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Dietary Fiber Intake ◽  
Heart Study ◽  
Total Fat

Age and secular trends in dietary fiber intake of children were examined using the 24-hour dietary recall method. Dietary fiber intake of five cohorts of 1O-year-olds (n = 1254); two cohorts of 13-year-olds (n = 360); and children ages 10 (n = 767), 13 (n = 249), 15 (n = 108), and 17 (n = 89) years was examined from 1976 to 1988. Total dietary fiber intake remained unchanged from 1976 to 1988, even after adjusting for energy intake; averaging 12 or 5 g/1000 calories (kcal). Black children had higher fiber intakes per 1000 kcal than white children from ages 10 to 17 years. Consumption of vegetables and/or soups and breads and/or cereals accounted for 53% (10 years) to 70% (13 years) of the total fiber consumed. When children were stratified into quartiles based on fiber intake per 1000 kcal, the percent of energy from total fat and saturated fat was lower, and the percent of energy from carbohydrates was higher in children with higher fiber intakes per 1000 kcal. Additional studies are needed to document dietary fiber intakes of children and their impact on overall diet composition and cardiovascular risk factors.

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