The general population prevalence of non-organic psychiatric disorders in subjects aged 85 years and over

1992 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-738 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thea J. Heeren ◽  
Albert M. Van Hemert ◽  
Anne M. Lagaay ◽  
Harry G. M. Rooymans
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mental State ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Functional Disorders ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Two Phases

SynopsisThe prevalence of psychiatric disorders was investigated in all inhabitants over 85 years of age (N = 1259), residing in Leiden, The Netherlands. The study design consisted of two phases. In the first phase the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the 12-item version of the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) were used to screen for potential cases; in the second phase all potential cases and a sample of the non-cases were interviewed with the Geriatric Mental State Schedule (GMS). DSM-III diagnoses were made based on the GMS and on information obtained from caregivers. There was a high prevalence of organic disorders of 31% (95% CI: 27–35%). The estimated overall prevalence rate for functional disorders was 8% (95% CI: 4–12%). This is an underestimate because organic and functional disorders are mutually exclusive in DSM-III. The prevalence rate estimated for the population at risk for functional disorders (i.e. the total population minus the organic cases) was 12% (95% CI: 6–18%). This is very similar to prevalence rates for functional disorders found in population based surveys in younger age groups. Therefore, in contrast with the dementias, there appears to be no increase with age for the functional disorders.

scholarly journals Prevalence of psychiatric disorder and the need for psychiatric care in Northern Ireland

2002 ◽  
Vol 181 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Mcconnell ◽  
Paul Bebbington ◽  
Roy Mcclelland ◽  
Kate Gillespie ◽  
Sharon Houghton
Keyword(s):  
Northern Ireland ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Psychiatric Treatment ◽  
General Health Questionnaire ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Care Assessment

BackgroundThis is the first report on the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders and needs for psychiatric treatment in the District of Derry, Northern Ireland.AimsTo assess the prevalence of psychiatric disorder and the needs for treatment in the general population of Derry.MethodThe sample was drawn at random with a two-phase design using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ–28) during the first phase, and the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (SCAN) with the Needs for Care Assessment (NFCAS–C) in the second phase.ResultsThe second phase (n=307) gave a weighted 1-month prevalence of hierarchically ordered ICD–10 psychiatric disorders of 7.5% and a 1-year prevalence of 12.2%. The equivalent prevalences for depressive disorders were 2.4% and 6.0%, respectively, and those for anxiety states were 3.5% and 3.7%. Only a quarter of needs for treatment were met, with the situation being better for depression than for anxiety.ConclusionsThe rates of psychiatric disorder in Derry were even higher than those reported by a similar survey in inner London. This almost certainly reflects the very high levels of social deprivation in the District. Needs for treatment were often unmet.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Mansonella ozzardi among riverine communities in the municipality of Lábrea, State of Amazonas, Brazil

2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jansen Fernandes Medeiros ◽  
Victor Py-Daniel ◽  
Ulysses Carvalho Barbosa
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Blood Smear ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Black Flies ◽  
Prevalence Rates ◽  
Thick Blood Smear ◽  
High Prevalence

INTRODUCTION: Estimate the prevalence of Mansonella ozzardi infection and calculate the parasitic infection rate (PIR) in simuliid black flies in the municipality of Lábrea, State of Amazonas, Brazil. METHODS: Prevalence was measured using the thick blood smear method collected from the fingers and was related to age, sex and occupation. Simuliidae were collected with a suction apparatus, then stained with hematoxylin and dissected to verify the PIR. RESULTS: The average prevalence rate of M. ozzardi among the 694 individuals examined was 20.7%. Infection was higher in men (27.6%) than in women (14.3%) (p < 0.001) and occurred in most age groups, with the highest prevalence in the following age groups: 38-47 (40%), 48-57 (53.1%) and >58 (60.5%). The highest prevalence rates were observed in the retired (64%), followed by farm workers (47.1%). Infection by M. ozzardi was only identified in Cerqueirellum amazonicum (Simuliidae) with a PIR of 0.6%. CONCLUSIONS: This study showed a high prevalence of M. ozzardi in the riverine communities of Lábrea due to the lack of policies regarding the treatment of microfilaremic individuals in the region and an abundance of competent vectors for M. ozzardi.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Community-Based Prevalence Study on Nocturia in Hong Kong Male Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Wai-Man Yuen ◽  
Ivy Yuen-Ping Wong ◽  
Peter Ka-Fung Chiu ◽  
Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh ◽  
Chi-Kwok Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Older Populations

Background: Most prevalence surveys on nocturia have focused on older populations. This study aimed to measure the nocturia prevalence across the full spectrum of male adults living in Hong Kong, where severity and associated quality-of-life (QoL) were also explored. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted in men aged 18 or above using the ICIQ-NQoL Questionnaire. Results: With 1,239 respondents at age ranged 18-99, the overall nocturia prevalence were found to be 63.0% (ranged 41.6-84.6% at different age groups) and 31.2% (ranged 13.0-56.3% at different age groups), for &ge;1 and &ge;2 bedtime voiding episodes, respectively. The chance of nocturia was dramatically increased at age 60 or above while both prevalence and voiding frequency were increased with advancing age. About 83% of the nocturia men experienced 1-2 voiding episodes per night, but many of them had self-rated their QoL poor or very poor and indicated moderate-to-high bothersome. Younger men at age 18-39 were found to have high prevalence as 41.6% and almost 30% of them rated poor or very poor QoL. Conclusions: Nocturia was not only affecting the older populations but also caused significant bothersome and negative impacts on QoL in younger males.

scholarly journals Body Mass Index (BMI) assessment among Macau students: age group differences and weight management strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter King Yan Ho ◽  
Md Dilsad Ahmed ◽  
Chi Ian Leong ◽  
Patrick Chan ◽  
Rudolph Leon Van Niekerk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Management ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Age Range

AbstractThere is evidence that rapid weight gain during the first year of life is associated with being overweight later in life. Therefore, overweight tendencies need to be detected at an appropriate age, and suitable strategies need to be implemented for weight management to achieve optimal long-term health. The objective of this study was to investigate comparisons in BMI status and associated categories in male and female students over ten years in two phases, including 2008-2013 and 2009-2014. Weight and height data were collected to obtain BMI (Body Mass Index) over ten years in two phases. The first phase occurred from 2008 to 2013, and the second phase occurred from 2009 to 2014 in a population of 10846 school children (Males: 6970, 64.3%, and females: 3875, 35.7%) in Macau. Their ages ranged from 6 years old in 2008 to 11 years old in 2013. The same age range was observed in the second phase, i.e., 2009-2014. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, such as the mean, standard deviation, t-tests to determine gender differences (year-wise) and a Chi square test for independence to determine the relationship between BMI (Underweight, Standard, Overweight and Obese) and age groups. In the first phase (2008-2013), the findings indicated a higher BMI level among the male students than the female students across all age groups (2008 t = 5.24, 2009 t = 88.25, 2010 t = 11.32, 2011 t = 17.45, 2012 t = 19.70 and 2013 t = 19.92). In the second phase (2009-2014), a higher BMI level was found among the male students than the female students across all age groups (2009 t = 2.68, 2010 t = 2.886, 2011 t = 3.076, 2013 t = 4.228, and 2014 t = 2.405). The results of the two phases combined (2008 to 2014 and 2009 to 2014) revealed that male students in 2008 had a higher BMI level than their counterparts in 2009 in the two age categories (8 years t = 3.025 and 11 years t = 3.377). Female students in the second phase (2009-2014) showed a higher BMI level than their male counterparts (9 years, t = 3.151). The results indicate the need to have focused strategies and structured interventions for male students at the critical age range of 8 to 9 years old. The results of this study also imply the need for the delivery of suitable school intervention activities at the appropriate time. Specifically, the prevention of weight gain should start early in life to encourage the development of healthier behaviours and habits throughout childhood and later ages.

Sick-Leave due to Psychiatric Disorder: Higher Incidence among Women and Longer Duration for Men

1996 ◽  
Vol 169 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-746 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunnel Hensing ◽  
Kristina Alexanderson ◽  
Peter Allebeck ◽  
Per Bjurulf
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Sick Leave ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Quantitative Measure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Minor Psychiatric Disorders

BackgroundWomen take sick-leave more often than men, both in general and because of psychiatric disorders. The aim of the present study was to introduce the new dimension of sick-leave duration in the analysis of gender differences in minor psychiatric disorders.MethodA population-based register was used which included all sick-leave spells exceeding seven consecutive days, 1985–1987, in a Swedish county.ResultsSick-leave duration was longer for men. The greatest gender differences were found in the youngest and oldest age-groups. Women had higher incidence also in the longest spells. An increase in duration over the three years was found among women, leading to decreased gender differences.ConclusionsContrary to other studies on minor psychiatric disorders, small gender differences were found. It is suggested that sick-leave duration can be used as a quantitative measure of health-related working capacity.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Community-Based Prevalence Study on Nocturia in Hong Kong Male Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9112
Author(s):  
John Wai-Man Yuen ◽  
Ivy Yuen-Ping Wong ◽  
Peter Ka-Fung Chiu ◽  
Jeremy Yuen-Chun Teoh ◽  
Chi-Kwok Chan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Younger Men ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
Older Populations

Background: Most prevalence surveys on nocturia have focused on older populations. This study aimed to measure the nocturia prevalence across the full spectrum of male adults living in Hong Kong, where severity and associated quality-of-life (QoL) were also explored. Methods: A cross-sectional population-based survey was conducted in men aged 18 or above using the ICIQ-NQoL Questionnaire. Results: With 1239 respondents at age ranged 18–99, the overall nocturia prevalences were found to be 63.0% (ranged 41.6–84.6% at different age groups) and 31.2% (ranged 13.0–56.3% at different age groups), for ≥1 and ≥2 bedtime voiding episodes, respectively. The chance of nocturia was dramatically increased at age 60 or above while both prevalence and voiding frequency were increased with advancing age. About 83% of the nocturia men experienced one to two voiding episodes per night, but many of them had self-rated their QoL poor or very poor and indicated moderate-to-high bothersome. Younger men at age 18–39 were found to have high prevalence as 41.6% and almost 30% of them rated poor or very poor QoL. Conclusions: Nocturia was not only affecting the older populations but also caused significant bothersome and negative impacts on QoL in younger males.

The prevalence of multiple sclerosis in central Italy

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1432-1436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Millefiorini ◽  
Antonio Cortese ◽  
Simone Di Rezze ◽  
Giovanna Barletta ◽  
Paolo Bellantonio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Risk Area ◽  
Lazio Region ◽  
High Risk Area

Background: The prevalence of multiple sclerosis varies considerably throughout the world. Objective: To better define the prevalence of MS in central Italy. Methods: This is a population-based study conducted in the province of Frosinone, which is situated in the Lazio region, central Italy. The selected prevalence day was 1 January 2007. A total of 467 patients, with a definite diagnosis of multiple sclerosis, were considered for crude, age- and sex-specific prevalence estimation. Results: The overall crude prevalence rate was 95.0 cases per 100,000 (95% confidence interval (CI) 86.6—104.0). A significantly higher prevalence rate was recorded in females (134.9, 95% CI 121.0—150.1) than in males (53.3, 95% CI 44.4—63.3) ( p = 0.001). Age-specific prevalence peaked in the 25—34 year, 35—44 year and 45—54 year age groups; moreover, it was found to increase up to the 35—44 year age group in males and the 45—54 year age group in females, decreasing thereafter. The female to male ratio was 2.6. Conclusions: The results confirm that MS occurs more frequently in central Italy than might be expected on the basis of the geographic-related distribution model, thus supporting the view that this is a high-risk area for the disease.

Psychiatric disorders amongst adults with learning disabilities - prevalence and relationship to ability level

2001 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally-Ann Cooper ◽  
Nicola M Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Health Service Provision ◽  
Survey Form ◽  
Population Comparison ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Adults With Learning Disabilities ◽  
Psychiatric State ◽  
State Learning

AbstractObjectives: To determine the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in adults with learning disabilities, and the relationship with severity of learning disabilities.Method: The study is population-based. Detailed psychiatric assessments on 207 adults with learning disabilities living in Leicestershire, UK. were conducted by a learning disabilities psychiatrist, using the Present Psychiatric State - Learning Disabilities; and Disability Assessment Schedule. Diagnostic criteria are clearly defined. Developmental assessments were undertaken using the Vineland Scale (survey form).Results: Psychiatric disorders were found in 49.2%, and rates for most individual disorders were higher than those found in the general population. Comparison with the two previous population-based studies shows the ascertained rates were broadly similar to those reported by Corbett but higher than those reported by Lund. Adults with more severe learning disabilities had higher rates of additional psychiatric disorders.Conclusions: The results may be explained by a combination of the genetic, physical, psychological and social factors associated with learning disabilities also being aetiological to psychiatric disorders. The high prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders demonstrate the importance of health service provision for adults with learning disabilities.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes among Patients Visiting Nepal Police Hospital in Kathmandu: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (233) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibek Rajbhandari ◽  
Sundar Prasad Hyoju ◽  
Lisasha Poudel ◽  
Anurag Adhikari ◽  
Badri Rijal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Lifestyle Modification ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence Rate ◽  
High Prevalence

Introduction: The growing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) is a critical threat for global health,including in Nepal, especially in Kathmandu District, where diabetic patients are increasing in hospitals catastrophically. This study tends to assess the prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes among admitted patients visiting a hospital in Kathmandu. Methods: An electronic chart review was done to assess the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in NepalPolice hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal. Ethical approval was taken from the Nepal Health ResearchCouncil. Considering eligibility criteria, 8631 cases from 4 May 2018 to 31 August 2020 wereobserved. The calculated sample size was 500. However, all diabetic cases, i.e., 576, were processedand analyzed using Python and later visualized using MS Excel. Results: The overall prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes was 6.67%. The prevalence rate was seen higher among males (7.5%). Similarly, a high prevalence rate was seen among 64-73 years, i.e., 15.10%. Conclusions: The findings showed a high prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes. Older age groups are athigh risk. Urgent public health interventions including lifestyle modification measures are requiredto reduce the extra burden of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Community-Based Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies following the First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12451
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Alhazmi ◽  
Edrous Alamer ◽  
Siddig Abdelwahab ◽  
Nizar Khamjan ◽  
Abdullah Hamami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Herd Immunity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Serological Data ◽  
Older Populations

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continues to spread globally, causing unprecedented effects on global health and economies. Community-based serological data are essential for understanding the true prevalence of infections, specifically the subclinical infections, as COVID-19 asymptomatic infections are common. Such data would also be important for decision making around choosing appropriate epidemiological control measures, as well as for the true estimation of mortality rates in the population. Further, determining the seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the population would provide important information on herd immunity. In this study, we conducted a population-based age-stratified serological study to understand the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia. Out of 594 participants who were recruited from 29 August to 30 December 2020, just before the vaccination rollout program in Saudi Arabia, about 157 were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2, indicating an estimated seropositivity rate of 26%. Although no significant difference in seropositivity was seen between male and female participants, we found that lower seroprevalence was associated with the younger (below 18 years old) and older populations (older than 56 years) compared with other age groups (19–55 years). These data indicate a high prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies following the peak of COVID-19 spread in Jazan province; however, most of the population (three-quarters) remains susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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