Mysticism versus Philosophy in earlier Islamic History: The Al–Tūsi, Al–Qūnawi correspondence

1981 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
William C. Chittick
Keyword(s):  
The West ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Islamic Civilization

To say ‘mysticism versus philosophy’ in the context of Islamic civilization means something far different from what it has come to signify in the West, where many philosophers have looked upon mysticism as the abandonment of any attempt to reconcile religious data with intelligent thought. Certainly the Muslim mystics and philosophers sometimes display a certain mutual opposition and antagonism, but never does their relationship even approach incompatibility.

Islam and the West: Coexistence or Clash?

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 363-374
Author(s):  
Noor Mohammad Osmani ◽  
Tawfique Al-Mubarak
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Western Civilization ◽  
Peaceful Coexistence ◽  
The West ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The World ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
The Cold War

Samuel Huntington (1927-2008) claimed that there would be seven eight civilizations ruling over the world in the coming centuries, thus resulting a possible clash among them. The West faces the greatest challenge from the Islamic civilization, as he claimed. Beginning from the Cold-War, the Western civilization became dominant in reality over other cultures creating an invisible division between the West and the rest. The main purpose of this research is to examine the perceived clash between the Western and Islamic Civilization and the criteria that lead a civilization to precede others. The research would conduct a comprehensive review of available literatures from both Islamic and Western perspectives, analyze historical facts and data and provide a critical evaluation. This paper argues that there is no such a strong reason that should lead to any clash between the West and Islam; rather, there are many good reasons that may lead to a peaceful coexistence and cultural tolerance among civilizations

scholarly journals KONTRIBUSI POSITIF ORIENTALISME: KAJIAN ATAS REINHART DOZY (1820-1883 M)

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Ghulam Falach
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Literary Work ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Library Research ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Function ◽  
Islamic Civilization

The main focus of Orientalist thought is nothing but to reconstruct and influence Islamic civilization. Their enthusiasm to activate orientalism is increasingly challenged by the presence of Islam as a religion that has followers of most of the world's population. One of the actions of orientalism towards the Islamic world is to start a research movement on the Qur'an and al-Hadith which are the basis of the law and guidelines of Muslims. Not far from the critics of the Qur'an and al-Hadith, they also deconstructed aspects of the development of science, Islamic law, and even the originality of Islamic history. Some famous orientalism figures, one of them is Reinhart Dozy, a famous orientelism from the Netherlands with the concept of literacy in the history of Islamic civilization in Spain. Even though he received a lot of criticism and appreciation from both orientalists and Muslim thinkers, his literary work has had a great influence on Islamic civilization. The discussion steps of this study are entirely carried out using qualitative research that is library research. To be more useful and function properly, this paper is equipped with an explanation using the method of description, interpretation and analysis of data in each discussion. This is done, none other than to focus the discussion to produce a consistent and comprehensive understanding.

scholarly journals Farabi – Teacher of Civilization

Adam alemi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (86) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
D. Kenzhetai
Keyword(s):  
Science And Religion ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
The Relationship

Farabi is a great thinker, philosopher and scientist from the Farab region of Turkestan. He was a genius who created a clear understanding of the existence of reason not only for Islamic civilization, but also for the West and East. At the center of debates about state and religion, philosophy and science, science and religion, theism and atheism, existentialism and existence in the West in the last century, al-Farabi’s legacy is in immediate demand. This requirement is also relevant for today’s secular country – Kazakhstan. Obviously, we need the legacy of Farabi in order to get rid of the epidemic of the Salafi tendency in our country, the suffocation of reason, in order to clarify the relationship between reason and proverb in the relationship between state and religion.

scholarly journals VISI ISLAM DALAM AGAMA DAN PERADABAN DALAM PERSPEKTIF MARSHALL G.S HODGSON

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-214
Author(s):  
Farida Ulvi Na’imah
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Political World ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
Islamic Civilization

            This study describes Marshall G. Hodgson's thinking about the study of Islamic history studies in his work entitled The Venture of Islam. The research used in this study is analytical descriptive, which is a study that examines Marshall G.S Hodgson's thinking about Islamic history studies then parses and identifies the patterns of thought. According to Marshall G. S. Hodgson the history of Islam is the result of the ever-changing setting shaped by the Islamic tradition. In addition, it is also the result of a process of accomodation or acculturation from other pre-existing cultural traditions. Based on this view, and in the context of conversations about Islamic civilization, Marshall G. S. Hodgson emphasized the importance of seeing cultural continuity occurring at the level of religion, expressed by Muslims. Marshall G.S. Hudgson in seeing the reality of Islam in the world classifies in three forms of Islamic phenomena as the object of study. First, the phenomenon of Islam as a doctrine (Islamic), second, the phenomenon when the doctrine enters and processes in a cultural society (Islamicate) and manifests itself in a particular social and historical context. And thirdly, when Islam became a phenomenon of the political "world" in state institutions (Islamdom).

scholarly journals Al-Ṭarīqah al-Naqshabandīyah al-Khālidīyah fī Cianjur, Jawa al-Gharbīyah: Ta‘ālimuhā wa tuqūsuhā wa taṭawwurātuhā

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Wahid Hasyim
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Roles ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
The West ◽  
West Java ◽  
Historical Approach ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sufi Order ◽  
Islamic Civilization

This article explores the teachings, rituals and developments of the Naqshabandiyah Khalidiyah sufi order in Cianjur, West Java. It has been established since the mid-19th century and has played an important role in the spread of Islam in this area called the "Kota Santri/City of Islamic Students". This is due to the followers of the sufi order still adhering to the principle of khalwat dar anjuman. This principle allows them to practice the spirituality of the sufi order without leaving their social roles and functions as citizens. It can be seen from the diversity of their backgrounds, who are not only farmers, traders and entrepreneurs but also government officials. Moreover, 15 percent of them are millennials. Through a historical approach, this article found that the Naqshabandiyah Khalidiyah sufi order in Cianjur has become an important part of the history of Islamic civilization in the West Java region. The teachings and rituals that blend with the surrounding community have illustrated the diversity of Islam in the archipelago which tends to be Sufi in style since the early days.

scholarly journals An Unknown Arabic Source for Star Names

1987 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Paul Kunitzsch
Keyword(s):  
Historical Development ◽  
German Studies ◽  
The West ◽  
Star Catalogue ◽  
Hugo Grotius ◽  
Islamic Civilization

Arabic star names are well known in two areas: in the Orient itself, i.e. in the Arabic-Islamic civilization, and in the West where many of them were adopted since mediaeval times and continued to be used until today.The complex known in modern Western astronomy as “Arabic star names” is the result of a historical development of almost exactly one thousand years. In mediaeval times, those names were introduced into Western use by Latin translations of Arabic astronomical and astrological works. Afterwards, since Humanist and Renaissance times, and until this present century, Western astronomers used to pick up more “Arabic” names from philological studies of orientalists who tried to describe and explain the stellar nomenclature of the Arabs and other Oriental peoples. As outstanding examples, I mention the studies of Joseph Scaliger and his follower Hugo Grotius (both printed in 1600) whose nomenclature was borrowed by Johannes Bayer into his star atlas Uranometria of 1603; Thomas Hyde’s commentary to his edition of Ulugh Bēg’s star catalogue (Oxford, 1665) from which Giuseppe Piazzi borrowed a great number of names into the second edition of his Palermo Catalogue, 1814; German studies by F.W.V. Lach (1796) and Ludwig Ideler (1809) which were used by continental astronomers such as J.E.Bode and many others; and still the book on star names by R.H. Allen (1899) from which several new names appear in astronomical books and atlases of our times.

“The sheikh of the translators”

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
Ghada Osman
Keyword(s):  
Original Writing ◽  
Golden Age ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Eighth Century ◽  
Muslim World ◽  
The West ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Science Philosophy ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Muslim Scholars

With the ascension to power of the Abbasid dynasty in 750 CE and the transfer of the capital of the Muslim Empire to the newly-created city of Baghdad, the middle of the eighth century heralded an era that in Islamic history is referred to as the “Golden Age,” during which period the Muslim world became an unrivaled intellectual center for science, philosophy, medicine, and education. Approximately eighty years after the dynasty’s rise to power, the Abbasid Caliph (ruler) al-Ma’mun (d. 833 CE) established in Baghdad Bayt al-Hikma (the House of Wisdom), an educational institution where Muslim and non-Muslim scholars together sought to gather the world’s knowledge not only via original writing but also through translation. Probably the most well-known and industrious translator of the era was Hunayn ibn Ishaq (d. 873 CE), known in the West by the Latinized name “Joannitius.” Referred to as “the sheikh of the translators,” he is reported to have mastered the four principal languages of his time: Greek, Syriac, Persian, and Arabic. Hunayn is credited with an immense number of translations, ranging from works on medicine, philosophy, astronomy, and mathematics, to magic and oneiromancy. This article looks at Hunayn’s work, briefly places this key figure within the translatorial habitus, discusses his methodology towards translation, as described in his own works, and examines that methodology in light of the sociological and sociolinguistic factors of the time.

scholarly journals The Roles of Mosque Libraries through History

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurdin Laugu
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Library Management ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Science And Education ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Islamic Civilization ◽  
Islamic Society ◽  
Scholarly Attention

Since the formation of the Islamic society by Prophet Muhammad, mosque libraries fulfilled several important roles that deserve scholarly attention. Therefore, this article elicits the significance of these various roles within Muslim societies through Islamic history. Until present day, almost all mosque libraries provide a variety of collections, concerning both religious and non-religious issues, such as social science and education. In line with these roles, this paper presents different examples of mosque libraries that, through history, contributed significantly to the development of Islamic civilization, like the library of the al-Azhar mosque in Egypt, the Grand Mosque Library in Cordova, etc. In addition, several aspects determining the (in)significance of mosque libraries through history, such as library management and factors contributing to the stagnation of mosque libraries, are investigated.

scholarly journals Book Review: Sejarah Peradaban Islam (History of Islamic Civilization)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farras Kartika Kusumadewi ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Student Reading ◽  
History Of ◽  
Limited Edition ◽  
The Times ◽  
Islamic Civilization

The study of Islamic history today may not have been regulated through literature, either in foreign languages or using Indonesian (translations or works of the nation's children). Many books have studied the history of Islam that we can get to fill our information, but no one book is so complete, one literature with another can complement each other to form knowledge of Islamic history. From the thought that no single work is perfect and on the contrary will complement each other, the author of this book aims to present the book Sejarah Peradaban Islam to be a reference and teaching material for the history of Islamic civilization course. The author hopes that this work will not only serve as a reference for students majoring in history at various universities, but has also become a public reading as an important contribution to reinventing Islamic civilization in the past, present, and future.Previously, this book entitled Sejarah Islam was only published in a limited edition (30 copies) by Rayhan Intermedia six years ago for student reading. After undergoing revisions in several parts as well as adjusting the curriculum and lecture materials, a book with the title Sejarah Peradaban Islam was presented. This book is intended for everyone, from all walks of life. Although it focuses on Islam, it can be read by anyone who wants to gain additional knowledge about Islamic history.The flow of study in the book does not follow the periodization of Islamic history as written by Harun Nasution, which is divided into the classical period (650-1250 AD), the middle period (1250-1800 AD), and the modern period (1800 AD). His presentation in the book is more based on the growth and development of Islamic civilization in various regions and the reign of a certain caliph or king, however, it does not ignore the characteristics of the times and the character of the period in which Islam grew and developed. In certain parts of the book, it also reviews the roots and implications of the social revolution, the glorious achievements of the rulers, and the peaks of the development of Islamic civilization in various parts of the world.The book of Sejarah Peradaban Islam from Ahmadin needs to be reviewed to know what is in the book, considering some of the previous things. In addition, also to find out what weaknesses and strengths are contained in the book, it is possible to recommend the book as additional reading for others.

scholarly journals Perpustakaan Dalam Sejarah Islam: Riwayat Tradisi Pemeliharaan Khazanah Intelektual Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-44
Author(s):  
Didin Saepuddin
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Knowledge Development ◽  
History Plays ◽  
Islamic History ◽  
Muslim Scholar ◽  
The Third ◽  
Islamic Civilization

Abstrak Perpustakaan dalam sejarah Islam menempati posisi yang signifikan. Keberadaannya merupakan bagian integral dari perkembangan dan kemajuan ilmu pengetahuan dan peradaban Islam terutama pada abad 8-10 M. Kehadiran perpustakaan dalam sejarah Islam sangat mengagumkan baik dari segi pengelolaan, jumlah kitab,  jumlah pemakai, dan apresiasi para khalifah waktu itu.   Secara hipotetis dapat dikemukakan bahwa jika tidak ada perpustakaan di masa tersebut maka  ilmu pengetahuan dan peradaban tidak akan mengalami kemajuannya. Atau setidak-tidaknya perkembangan ilmu akan berjalan sangat lambat dan tersendat-sendat. Fungsi Perpustakaan dalam sejarah Islam adalah pertama, tempat mencari bahan referensi bagi para penuntut ilmu di berbagai tingkat pendidikan; kedua, bahan kajian para intelektual Islam; ketiga, pusat penyimpanan buku-buku dan manuskrif berharga karya ilmuan,  keempat, sebagai tempat pertemuan untuk kepentingan diskusi ilmiah dan debat intelektual, dan kelima, menjadi simbol kembanggaan khalifah dan penguasa setempat. Kata Kunci: Bayt al-Hikmah, Baghdad, al-Rasyid, al-Ma’mun, Peradaban.  ------ Abstract Library in Islamic history plays in a very significant role. Its existence is very amazing as well as it becomes as an unseparated part of the Islamic civilization and Islamic knowledge  development particularly at 8Th -10th century. Hypothetically, if library does not exist, knowledge will not develop fast as well. There are some functions of library. The first, it is a place where the science seekers look for the reference; the second, it becomes a center of a study for muslim scholar, the  third, it stores and saves a very valuable manuscript work and books, the fourth, a place where muslims scholar conduct meeting or discussion ,the  fifth, library symbolizes a dignity of the Khalifa and the authorities. Key words: Bayt al-Hikmah, Baghdad, al-Rasyid, al-Ma’mun, Civilization.

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