“The Shooting of the Boar” and the Social Divisions of the Sinhalese

1947 ◽  
Vol 79 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 161-165
Author(s):  
C. E. Godakumbura
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
The Social

A Description of several social grades of the Sinhalese occur in the rite called the Ūrā Yakkama (Shooting of the Boar) contained in the Kohombā-kankāriya. Its context is as follows: The chief performer enacts the killing of the boar and the sharing of its flesh among the various craftsmen. From the remarks made about each recipient and the treatment which the representative of each trade receives, one sees what value was attached to the work of each from the point of view of the dancer. The function of each in the social order is also mentioned. Below is given the text of this part of the ceremony as it has been gathered, from oral tradition from different districts in Ceylon. As may be expected, many variant versions exist, but only a few have been noticed here.

Culture Contact on the Fringe of Civilization

Africa ◽  
1935 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. ◽  
G. M. Culwick
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Culture Contact ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Social ◽  
Opening Paragraph ◽  
Coil Method ◽  
Incomplete Picture ◽  
Careful Investigation

Opening ParagraphIt is natural that the urgent need for systematic study of culture contact should first and most forcibly be felt with regard to areas where the process of ‘civilization’ or modernization is already comparatively far advanced, whether it be in the form of detribalization in urban and industrial districts or of the adaptation of the tribal system among an important and powerful people like the Baganda. In the first place, those areas present the most pressing practical problems and exhibit the most acute symptoms of social, economic, and political strain. In the second place, as a corollary of their accessibility to exotic influences, they are the areas most easily accessible to observers trained and untrained, and their troubles often force themselves on the attention of the civilized world. They have, however, certain disadvantages from the point of view of the student of culture contact, in that, as Miss Mair has shown, the opportunity to study the stages in their development has gone for ever. By careful investigation a useful and reliable, if incomplete, picture can be drawn of the working of the social order just before the torrent of modern civilization broke in upon it, and the comparison between past and present which such a reconstruction makes possible provides us with knowledge which is both necessary for the explanation of existing phenomena and also of the greatest practical value. But just as one cannot tell by looking at the finished product whether a pot has been fashioned from the lump or by the coil method, so, in the absence of proper observation at the time, we cannot reconstruct a picture of the intermediate stages in the creation of the present situation, or ever know the details of the processes whereby native society adjusted itself to some innovations and was dislocated by others.

Society, concept of

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angus Ross
Keyword(s):  
Social Action ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Collective Agreement ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Real Essence

The term ‘society’ is broader than ‘human society’. Many other species are described as possessing a social way of life. Yet mere gregariousness, of the kind found in a herd of cattle or a shoal of fish, is not enough to constitute a society. For the biologist, the marks of the social are cooperation (extending beyond cooperation between parents in raising young) and some form of order or division of labour. In assessing the merits of attempts to provide a more precise definition of society, we can ask whether the definition succeeds in capturing our intuitive understanding of the term, and also whether it succeeds in identifying those features of society which are most fundamental from an explanatory point of view – whether it captures the Lockean ‘real essence’ of society. One influential approach seeks to capture the idea of society by characterizing social action, or interaction, in terms of the particular kinds of awareness it involves. Another approach focuses on social order, seeing it as a form of order that arises spontaneously when rational and mutually aware individuals succeed in solving coordination problems. Yet another approach focuses on the role played by communication in achieving collective agreement on the way the world is to be classified and understood, as a precondition of coordination and cooperation.

Pick a Pocket Or Two

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethan Mordden
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
World War ◽  
Strong Point ◽  
The Social ◽  
American Model ◽  
History Of

This book tells the full history of the British musical, from The Beggar's Opera (1728) to the present, by isolating the unique qualities of the form and its influence on the American model. To place a very broad generalization, the American musical is regarded as largely about ambition fulfilled, whereas the British musical is about social order. Oklahoma!'s Curly wins the heart of the farmer Laurey—or, in other words, the cowboy becomes a landowner, establishing a truce between the freelancers on horseback and the ruling class. Half a Sixpence, on the other hand, finds a working-class boy coming into a fortune and losing it to fancy Dans, whereupon he is reunited with his working-class sweetheart, his modest place in the social order affirmed. Anecdotal and evincing a strong point of view, the book covers not only the shows and their authors but the personalities as well—W. S. Gilbert trying out his stagings on a toy theatre, Ivor Novello going to jail for abusing wartime gas rationing during World War II, fabled producer C. B. Cochran coming to a most shocking demise for a man whose very name meant “classy, carefree entertainment.”

scholarly journals SOCIAL CONDITIONALITY OF THE CRIMINAL-LEGAL PROHIBITION OF HOOLIGAN ACTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Yehor Nazymko ◽  
◽  
Dmytro Demchyshyn ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Full Compliance ◽  
The Social ◽  
Similar Intensity ◽  
Discretionary Powers

The article examines the social conditionality of the criminal-legal prohibition of hooligan actions. The expediency of analyzing the social conditionality of the criminal-legal prohibition of hooligan actions as a cross-cutting criminal legal category is substantiated, taking into account the systemic connections between all elements of crimes, a constructive feature of which is hooliganism. Taking into account the peculiarities of the appointment of normative prescriptions of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, prohibiting hooligan actions in the system of criminal law regulation, a system of circumstances of social conditionality of the criminal law prohibition of hooligan actions has been determined: historical; predictive; technical and legal. As a result of the study, it was established that the criminal-legal prohibition of hooligan actions at the level of the existence of Art. 296 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, fully socially conditioned. With regard to historical circumstances, the same act of «hooliganism» is artificial for Ukraine from a historical point of view, the criminal law prohibition does not correspond to the Ukrainian mentality, ordinary citizens in most cases do not perceive hooliganism as a crime, hooliganism does not fully fit into the modern paradigm of the development of social relationship. During the study of the prognostic circumstances of the criminal law prohibition of hooligan actions, research attention is focused on the social danger of this act (two main criteria are the object of the crime and the intensity of the criminal encroachment). It has been proved that through the abstractness of understanding social order, there is a difficulty in its perception as an object of hooliganism. With regard to the intensity of hooligan actions, other types of related crimes have a similar intensity (with inherent signs of gross violation, obvious disrespect for society, insolence and exceptional cynicism). Therefore, it is virtually impossible to assess this indicator of public danger. It is proved that the qualifying signs of hooliganism do not correspond to the signs of consistency and normative consistency. For other elements of political circumstances (except for the availability of resources), it is also established in full compliance. Based on the study of the technical and legal circumstances of the criminal-legal prohibition of hooligan actions, it was stated that the wording of Art. 296 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine inherent inaccuracies in wording. This, in general, leads to the existence of a contradiction between the norms of the Criminal Code of Ukraine, endows the court and law enforcement agencies with excessive discretionary powers.

scholarly journals Taste for democracy: A critique of the mechanical paradigm in education

2019 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dion Rüsselbæk Hansen ◽  
Anne M Phelan
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Weak Form ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Strong Form ◽  
Aesthetic Experiences ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Democratic Practices ◽  
Mechanical Logic ◽  
Evidenced Based

In this article we argue for the need to rethink the crisis of democracy both within and beyond education (Toft and Rüsselbæk Hansen, 2017). This crisis can be explained variously, depending on how it is understood and on what basis. From our point of view, and with inspiration from thinkers as Nietzsche, Arendt, Agamben and Rancière, we argue that the crisis of democracy in today’s schools is related in part to the weak form of authority ascribed to certain individual and collective aesthetic experiences. The scientific experience has been assigned a strong form of ‘evidenced based authority’. As a result of a powerful belief that not all forms of experiences, for instance the aesthetical ones, which are not based on a mechanical logic, are worth paying attention to and are of value, scientific experience has gained hegemonic status. Illustrated by several examples, which stem from both Danish and Canadian educational contexts, we show how aesthetic experiences have the potential to revitalize democratic practices and undermine tyrannical regimes of technocracy in education. We recommend that the concept of Bildung (self-cultivation), which is orientated towards vertical (Apollonian) as well as horizontal (Dionysian) transcending processes, must be given renewed attention. Opportunities for students to play with and suspend the social order, even temporarily, are important if students are to experience themselves, others and the world in new ways. By engaging students’ aesthetic sensibilities in multiple ways, playful schools both produce and provoke the dominant social order thereby fostering students’ taste for democracy.

Old questions for the new anthropology of morality: A commentary

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A Shweder ◽  
Usha Menon
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Moral Order ◽  
Moral Foundations ◽  
Individual Judgment ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Many ◽  
Human Social Life

The return of anthropological interest to the descriptive study of the moral foundations of social life is a very welcome development. Nevertheless, if there is going to be a new anthropology of morality, it must have something new to say about some very old questions. The first is the analytic question: what counts as a morality? The second and third are descriptive questions: is some idea of an objective moral charter a feature of human social life and individual judgment; and what is the scope, generality and detail with which various aspects or domains of the social order (from gender relations to food customs) are understood and experienced as extensions of a moral order from the ‘native point of view’? Finally, why do the many peoples of the world apparently disagree with each other so much in both their spontaneous-habitual-unreflective-internalized-‘embodied’ (and hence implicit) judgments and in their reflective-reasoned-thoughtful-spelled out (and hence explicit) judgments about the rightness or wrongness of specific actions? Those are questions that no anthropology of morality, old or new, can or should avoid.

scholarly journals The Implementation Of Pitra Yadnya Ceremony In The Pandemic Covid-19 Time At The Hindu Community In Saksari Hamlet North Cakranegara Lombok

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-97
Author(s):  
Gusti Ayu Santi Patni R.
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
Research Results ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Hindu Community ◽  
Family Strategy

This research aims to conduct a study regarding the implementation of the pitra yadnya ceremony during the Covid-19 pandemic in the Saksari hamlet, North Cakranegara subdistrict, Lombok. The background of this research is related to the habits of Hindus in this area to carry out the pitra yadnya ceremony by continuing the tradition of menyama braya, saling rojong, sidikara, and fraternal ties in creating harmony. The pitra yadnya tradition carried out by Hindus today is experiencing adjustments as a result of the spread of the Covid 19 pandemic, with social restrictions. In this regard, this research focuses on three formulations of problems, namely (1) how is the pitra yadnya ceremony; (2) what is the family strategy in implementing the pitra yadnya ceremony; and (3) what are the implications of the pitra yadnya Ceremony for community during the Covid-19 Pandemic in the Saksari hamlet, North Cakranegara subdistrict? This study was designed in a qualitative descriptive study to provide an overview of the implementation of the pitra yadnya ceremony at the research location. Based on the research results found three findings. First, the pitra yadnya ceremony procedures during the Covid-19 pandemic were carried out simply, without reducing the meaning of the ceremony, according to the concepts of iksa, sakti, desa, kala, patra, and tattwa. Second, the family strategy in carrying out the pitra yadnya ceremony during the Covid-19 pandemic is to continue to carry out the ceremony by following the advice and appeals of the Parisadha Hindu Dharma Indonesia (PHDI) or Hindu religious council and health protocols. Third, the implication of the pitra yadnya ceremony for the community during the Covid-19 pandemic is the change in the social order of the community, such as menyama braya, saling rojong, and sidikara, from an economic point of view, it was much more efficient than the situation before the Covid-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals La notion de dangerosité, maladie infantile de la criminologie

Criminologie ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Debuyst
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Causal Model ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
View Point ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Social

The accent is first of all on the fact (point 1) that the conception of dangerousness is a criminological construct based on the establishment of a causal model within the framework of an objective that is sought. It might be said that this objective is the control of criminal activities and behaviour of groups likely to threaten the social order. It may be said that this point of view (point 2) makes any multidisciplinary approach relatively gratuitous because it does not allow the different disciplines to carry through their own logic. The problem is (point 3) to know how to get rid of this notion without criminology losing its justification and the criminologist/practitioner his usefulness.

scholarly journals Fazekas Mihály költői és szerkesztői munkásságának folklór és populáris irodalmi kapcsolataihoz

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (3–4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Mikos
Keyword(s):  
Short Story ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
German Literature ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Moral Orientation ◽  
Epic Poem ◽  
The Social ◽  
Marxist Approach ◽  
History Of

The article aims to assess the social and mentalistic history of the Debreczeni Magyar Kalendáriom (“Hungarian Calendar of Debrecen”), edited by Mihály Fazekas for ten years, based upon its short prose texts. The predecessors of the stories in the calendar are mostly German literary texts, or they were taken over from German calendars and anecdote collections, most of which were parables. The majority of the texts belong to the genres of anecdote, but there are also fables, paramyths, short story tales, jokes and crime stories. The purpose behind rewriting the texts in a parable form was to educate the readers to have a practical point of view, as well as to help them with moral orientation. The ideology of Volklsaufklärung is behind the writing of the texts. Fazekas’s knowledge of German literature also takes us closer to the source of his masterwork, Lúdas Matyi, an epic poem. At the turn of the 19th-20th century positivist and literary historical researches connected the work with literary predecessors. The work having a peasant oral tradition would have suited better the Marxist approach in the 1950s, which tried to focus the understanding of the work to the plebeian-patrician conflict, however, only one folklore data was collected to support their claim. The article argues that the story had various written versions in Hungary and Europe in Fazekas’s age, and Fazekas willingly borrowed from contemporary literary pieces and popular readings, thus the written origin cannot be excluded. At the same time, the written sources may indicate the presence of the story in oral form, therefore it is not unlikely that the author might have heard it at one of his posts.

scholarly journals TELEVISION PROVOCATIONS AS THE SOCIAL RESPONSE OF TIME

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
Nataliya A. Barabash ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chronological Sequence ◽  
Ethical Component ◽  
Artistic Image ◽  
Negative Connotation

The article considers television from the point of view of the process of misconceptions, time and social needs of society. Such an ambiguous modern phenomenon, artifact, just provocation, as interaction with society, the viewer, as an attempt to explain the processes taking place by means and through the prism of shocking and scandal, turns into a loss of a clear constructive idea for TV itself, ephemeral designs and indistinct concepts. The priority is the rating terms of success to the detriment of the artistic dominant and ethical component. Reflections on television lead to undeniable conclusions about its role as a powerful provocateur of events and problems in society. The borrowing by television of many of the different – other – types and genres of art did not make TV itself art at all for various reasons, the main of which is the impossibility of creating an artistic image. Television regards its role as a participant and reciter of social processes, often without analyzing depth and a subtle ethical component. However, even the negative connotation of assessments is evidence of hope for a different, prudent, rearrangement of social developments in television space and chronological sequence. The inconsistencies of the cultural, social order, the absence of long-playing constructive, positive prospects for the phenomenon of television itself create in many ways a spontaneous, volatile image, balancing on the verge of scandal, time shifts, on a stable paradigm of distortion of this time. The paradox can be considered that the modern television phenomenon is evidence of its vitality, its desire to rely on those personalities that themselves become iconic and in demand in society. Rely on such a powerful criterion, which is the entire socio-cultural context of time.

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