scholarly journals Sunspot Seismology Theory

1990 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
pp. 149-157
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Davila
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Wavelength Dependence ◽  
Wave Power ◽  
Subsurface Structure ◽  
Scattering Process ◽  
Mode Wave ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
First Time

Recent observations have demonstrated that sunspots can absorb significant p-mode wave power, and that this absorption has a well defined wavelength dependence. These observations open, for the first time, the potential to deduce semi-empirically the subsurface structure of sunspots and active regions. Several physical mechanisms have been proposed to explain the absorption. In this paper, the proposed mechanisms are reviewed and their viability in view of the current knowledge of the scattering process is discussed.

Resveratrol: A new potential therapeutic agent for melanoma?

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamad Hossein Pourhanifeh ◽  
Kazem Abbaszadeh-Goudarzi ◽  
Mohammad Goodarzi ◽  
Sara G.M. Piccirillo ◽  
Alimohammad Shafiee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
Anti Cancer ◽  
Apoptosis Inducer ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
First Time

: Melanoma is the most life-threatening and aggressive class of skin malignancies. The incidence of melanoma has steadily increased. Metastatic melanoma is greatly resistant to standard anti-melanomatreatments such as chemotherapy, and 5-year survival rate of cases with melanoma who have metastatic form of disease is less than 10%. The contributing role of apoptosis, angiogenesis and autophagy in the pathophysiology of melanoma has been previously demonstrated. Thus, it is extremely urgent to search for complementary therapeutic approachesthat couldenhance the quality of life of subjects and reduce treatment resistance and adverse effects. Resveratrol, known as a polyphenol component present in grapes and some plants, has anti-cancer properties due to its function as an apoptosis inducer in tumor cells, and anti-angiogenic agent to prevent metastasis. However, more clinical trials should be conducted to prove resveratrol efficacy. : Herein, for first time, we summarize current knowledge of anti-cancerous activities of resveratrol in melanoma.

scholarly journals Probing the Subsurface Structure of Active Regions with the Phase Information in Acoustic Imaging

1998 ◽  
Vol 501 (1) ◽  
pp. L139-L144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huei-Ru Chen ◽  
Dean-Yi Chou ◽  
Hsiang-Kuang Chang ◽  
Ming-Tsung Sun ◽  
Sheng-Jen Yeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Regions ◽  
Acoustic Imaging ◽  
Subsurface Structure ◽  
Phase Information

scholarly journals Skin Manifestations Associated with COVID-19: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives

Dermatology ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Genovese ◽  
Chiara Moltrasio ◽  
Emilio Berti ◽  
Angelo Valerio Marzano
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Cutaneous Manifestations ◽  
Skin Manifestations ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Morbilliform Rash ◽  
First Time ◽  
Polymorphic Nature

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic caused by the “severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2” (SARS-CoV-2), which was isolated for the first time in Wuhan (China) in December 2019. Common symptoms include fever, cough, fatigue, dyspnea and hypogeusia/hyposmia. Among extrapulmonary signs associated with COVID-19, dermatological manifestations have been increasingly reported in the last few months. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> The polymorphic nature of COVID-19-associated cutaneous manifestations led our group to propose a classification, which distinguishes the following six main clinical patterns: (i) urticarial rash, (ii) confluent erythematous/maculopapular/morbilliform rash, (iii) papulovesicular exanthem, (iv) chilblain-like acral pattern, (v) livedo reticularis/racemosa-like pattern, (vi) purpuric “vasculitic” pattern. This review summarizes the current knowledge on COVID-19-associated cutaneous manifestations, focusing on clinical features and therapeutic management of each category and attempting to give an overview of the hypothesized pathophysiological mechanisms of these conditions.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Key Aroma Compounds in Traditional Hunan Smoke-Cured Pork Leg (Larou, THSL) by Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis (AEDA), Odor Activity Value (OAV), and Sensory Evaluation Experiments

Foods ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 413
Author(s):  
Dandan Pu ◽  
Yuyu Zhang ◽  
Huiying Zhang ◽  
Baoguo Sun ◽  
Fazheng Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Regions ◽  
Aroma Compounds ◽  
Aroma Extract Dilution Analysis ◽  
Sensory Qualities ◽  
Key Odorants ◽  
Potent Odorants ◽  
Odor Activity Value ◽  
First Time ◽  
Ranking Analysis

The key aroma compounds in smoke-cured pork leg were characterized by gas chromatography–olfactometry coupled with aroma extract dilution analysis (GC–O/AEDA), odor activity value (OAV), recombination modeling, and omission tests. Ranking analysis showed that pork leg smoke-cured for 18 days had the best sensory qualities, with strong meaty, smoky, roasty, woody, and greasy attributes. Thirty-nine aroma-active regions with flavor dilution (FD) factors ranging from 9 to 6561 were detected. Overall, 3-ethylphenol had the highest FD factor of 6561, followed by 2,6-dimethoxyphenol, 3,4-dimethylphenol, 4-ethylguaiacol, 4-methylguaiacol, 3-methylphenol, and 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, with FD ≥243. Among 39 aroma compounds, 27 compounds with OAVs ≥1 and were potent odorants. A similarity of 90.73% between the recombination model and traditional Hunan Smoke-cured Pork Leg (THSL) sample was obtained. Omission tests further confirmed that (E)-2-nonenal, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, guaiacol, 3-ethylphenol, 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline, and methional were key odorants in smoke-cured pork leg. Additionally, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (38.88 μg/kg), which contributes to a roasty aroma, was characterized here as a key odorant of smoke-cured pork leg for the first time.

Helminth parasites of wild Mexican mammals: list of species, hosts and geographical distribution

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3290 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
LUIS GARCÍA-PRIETO ◽  
JORGE FALCÓN-ORDAZ ◽  
CARMEN GUZMÁN-CORNEJO
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Helminth Parasites ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
First Time

In the present work, a total of 339 nominal taxa of helminths (53 trematodes, 46 cestodes, 12 acanthocephalans, 227 nem-atodes, and 1 hirudinean), associated with 136 taxa of wild mammals from Mexico, are listed. Information on hosts, hab-itat, distribution, and records is included; these data come from 242 localities, pertaining to 31 of the 32 Mexican states,and represent the current knowledge on helminth parasites of wild mammals in Mexico. Eighteen taxa of helminths are registered for the first time in Mexico, and 46 new locality records are presented.

Ants of North Carolina: an updated list (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3552 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
BENOIT GUÉNARD ◽  
KATHERINE A. MCCAFFREY ◽  
ANDREA LUCKY ◽  
ROB R. DUNN
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
The State ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
County Level ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Museum Collection ◽  
Undescribed Species ◽  
Species Lists ◽  
First Time

We document the distribution of ants present in North Carolina. We revisit the list of North Carolina ants for the first time since 1962, based on literature records, museum collection and new sampling events across the state. Our results show 53 new species records, including 16 exotic and 4 undescribed species, for a total of 192 species found in North Carolina. Based on our current knowledge, North Carolina possesses the highest species diversity of native ants of any state or territory in eastern North America. Here, we discuss some of the biogeographical explanations for this remarkable diversity. In addition to presenting county-level species distributions in North Carolina, we also offer brief comparisons to species lists for surrounding states. By highlighting species expected to occur in North Carolina, but not yet recorded in the state, we hope to encourage new discoveries and increase the general knowledge of the ant fauna of North Carolina.

Giant Piezoelectric and Dielectric Relaxations in Statistical Mixtures

2006 ◽  
Vol 115 ◽  
pp. 209-214
Author(s):  
A.I. Chernobabov ◽  
A.V. Turik ◽  
G.S. Radchenko ◽  
S.A. Turik
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Permittivity ◽  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
Dielectric Constants ◽  
Dielectric Spectra ◽  
Physical Mechanisms ◽  
Dielectric Relaxations ◽  
First Time

The effective complex piezoelectric and dielectric constants of disordered heterogeneous systems of the type of statistical mixtures with the components in the form of spheroid-shaped particles equally oriented but randomly arranged in space were studied. It has been found for the first time that in such systems there appears a giant piezoelectric enhancement accompanied by a giant relaxation of piezoelectric coefficients and the dielectric permittivity. Piezoelectric and dielectric spectra differ significantly from the Debye ones and are of Davidson-Cole type. The influence of the aspect ratio of spheroids on the effects under consideration was studied. The physical mechanisms responsible for the anomalies in the behavior of piezoelectric coefficients and the dielectric permittivity were considered.

Photocurrent in a hybrid system of 1-thioglycerol and HgTe quantum dots

2003 ◽  
Vol 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunsuk Kim ◽  
Kyoungah Cho ◽  
Byungdon Min ◽  
Jong Soo Lee ◽  
Man Young Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Wavelength Dependence ◽  
Charge Carriers ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Electron Hole ◽  
Free Carriers ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Colloidal Method ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTPhotocurrent mechanism in a hybrid system of 1-thioglycerol and HgTe quantum dots(QDs) was studied for the first time in the intra-red (IR) range. 1-thioglycerol-capped HgTe QDs were prepared using colloidal method in aqueous solution; the synthesis and size of the HgTe QDs were examined by x-ray diffraction, Raman scattering, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. Absorption and photoluminescence spectra of the capped HgTe QDs revealed the strong excitonic peaks in the range from 900 to 1100nm, because of their widened band gap due to the shrinkage of their sizes to about 3 nm. The wavelength dependence of the photocurrent for the hybred system of the 1-thioglycerol and HgTe QDs was very close to that of the absorption spectrum, indicating that charge carriers photoexcited in the HgTe QDs give direct contribution to the photocurrent in the medium of 1-thioglycerol. In this hybrid system, the photo-excited electrons in the HgTe QDs are strongly confined, but the photo-excited holes act as free carriers. Hence, in the photocurrent mechanism of the this hybrid system, only holes among electron-hole pairs created by incident photons in the HgTe QDs are transferred to 1-thioglycerol surrounding HgTe QDs and contribute photocurrent flowing in the medium of 1-thioglycerol.

scholarly journals Pseudoscorpions (Arachnida: Pseudoscorpiones) in Estonia: new records and an annotated checklist

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 149-163
Author(s):  
Kaarel Sammet ◽  
Tõnu Talvi ◽  
Ilmar Süda ◽  
Olavi Kurina
Keyword(s):  
New Records ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Baltic Region ◽  
Diversity Gradient ◽  
Trapping Methods ◽  
New Material ◽  
Annotated Checklist ◽  
First Time

The current knowledge of pseudoscorpions in Estonia is summarized, based on specimens preserved in various Estonian collections and new material collected from 1993 to 2015. Altogether 474 studied specimens belonged to 14 species, including nine species recorded from Estonia for the first time. Supplemented by Apocheiridium rossicum, listed by literature data only, the number of known Estonian pseudoscorpions is now set at 15. The findings of Mesochelifer ressli are the northernmost known for the species. Some ecological and phenological observations were made on the most common species, along with notes on the habitat preferences of other species and the use of different trapping methods. The composition of the known Estonian fauna is compared with the published records from the neighbouring countries, revealing a highest similarity to the Finnish fauna.The possible occurrence of other species in Estonia and the latitudinal species diversity gradient in the Eastern Baltic region are shortly discussed.

scholarly journals SARS-CoV-2 Infection: New Molecular, Phylogenetic, and Pathogenetic Insights. Efficacy of Current Vaccines and the Potential Risk of Variants

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Charles Rotondo ◽  
Fernanda Martini ◽  
Martina Maritati ◽  
Chiara Mazziotta ◽  
Giulia Di Mauro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vector ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Year ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly discovered coronavirus responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. COVID-19 has rapidly become a public health emergency of international concern. Although remarkable scientific achievements have been reached since the beginning of the pandemic, the knowledge behind this novel coronavirus, in terms of molecular and pathogenic characteristics and zoonotic potential, is still relatively limited. Today, there is a vaccine, or rather several vaccines, which, for the first time in the history of highly contagious infectious diseases that have plagued mankind, has been manufactured in just one year. Currently, four vaccines are licensed by regulatory agencies, and they use RNA or viral vector technologies. The positive effects of the vaccination campaign are being felt in many parts of the world, but the disappearance of this new infection is still far from being a reality, as it is also threatened by the presence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants that could undermine the effectiveness of the vaccine, hampering the immunization control efforts. Indeed, the current findings indicate that SARS-CoV-2 is adapting to transmission in humans more efficiently, while further divergence from the initial archetype should be considered. In this review, we aimed to provide a collection of the current knowledge regarding the molecular, phylogenetic, and pathogenetic insights into SARS-CoV-2. The most recent findings obtained with respect to the impact of novel emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants as well as the development and implementation of vaccines are highlighted.

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