In search of a “home”: Comparing the housing challenges experienced by recently arrived Yazidi and Syrian refugees in Canada

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1415-1436
Author(s):  
Pallabi Bhattacharyya ◽  
Sally Ogoe ◽  
Annette Riziki ◽  
Lori Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Syrian Refugees ◽  
Family Composition ◽  
Northern Iraq ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Previous Trauma ◽  
Housing Needs ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Successful Integration

AbstractHousing that is affordable and appropriate is a necessity for successful integration for all newcomers. It is not uncommon for newcomers to Canada to report difficulties finding suitable, safe, and affordable housing for their families. For refugees, however, the challenges are sometimes greater. Settlement organizations and refugee sponsors experience various challenges in accommodating families with large numbers of children, but as our research shows, refugee groups have differing needs based on their culture, family composition, and experience of trauma. Using data collected from two recent studies, we identify and compare the housing needs of two newly arrived groups of refugees to Canada: Syrians and Yazidis from northern Iraq. All participants in our study have lived in Canada for 2 years or less and currently live in Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, or Ontario. Data was collected either by face-to-face surveys (with Syrian participants) or unstructured interviews (with Yazidi women) conducted in Arabic, Kurmanji, or English. We discuss their experiences of living in resettlement centers and their transition to independent housing. In addition, we discuss how family composition and previous trauma influence their housing experiences with special attention to how increasing agency increases satisfaction with housing.

scholarly journals MEETING HOUSING NEEDS OF THE POOR AND NEEDY MUSLIMS THROUGH ZAKAT AND WAKAF

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Khairuddin Abdul Rashid ◽  
Puteri Nur Farah Naadia Mohd Fauzi ◽  
Sharina Farihah Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Innovative Idea ◽  
Housing Needs ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Do So

Meeting housing needs of the poor and needy is a continuous challenge. The challenge is exacerbated, among others, by the continuous and upward increases in the cost of living, population growth and the availability of resources. The Government intervenes through policy implementation and assistance in the forms of subsidies and the provision of social housing. In Islam, there is an opportunity to help the poor and needy meeting their housing needs through zakat and wakaf. Consequently, a study applying a combination of library research and in-depth face-to-face interviews with experts was carried out. The key objectivesof the study are to assess the potential of zakat and wakaf in the provision of affordable housing for the poor and needy, and if so, to identify appropriate strategies to empower the zakat and wakaf authorities in carrying out the task. The main findings from the study suggest that zakat and wakaf have great potential to help the poor and needy in meeting their housing needs and that the best way forward is for the zakat and wakaf authorities to do so through collaboration, either among themselves or with private property developers. The significance of the study and its findings are viewed in terms of the innovative idea in promoting zakat and wakaf authorities to collaborate instead of working on their own, with conditions that issues related to the Shariah are resolved.

Digital tools to promote remote lesson study

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna C. Weaver ◽  
Gabriel Matney ◽  
Allison M. Goedde ◽  
Jeremy R. Nadler ◽  
Nancy Patterson
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
Lesson Study ◽  
Online Courses ◽  
Digital Tools ◽  
Teacher Education Programs ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Teacher Isolation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Using Data

PurposeThe authors propose that a digital instructional delivery format of lesson study (LS) may have the potential to amplify particular aspects of traditional, face-to-face LS.Design/methodology/approachThis is a qualitative case study, using data triangulation, member checking and an inductive approach to open-coding utilizing grounded theory to identify codes and themes.FindingsDigital tools promoted LS and learning, allowing for rigorous collaboration, synchronous observations, data collection and feedback, leading to deeper understanding.Research limitations/implicationsDigital tools used in the online LS process changed how instructional planning can be researched, analyzed and written collaboratively and impacted the fluidity of a lesson, the ease of observation and reflection, student engagement and the researchers' and students' ability to share ideas in real time.Practical implicationsLS can be integrated into online teacher education programs to engage students in online learning and promotes engagement, peer interaction and student voice. The use of these digital tools is not restricted just to remote instructional contexts.Social implicationsLS reduces teacher isolation, builds a collaborative community of teachers and increases instructional motivation. Educators across schools, universities or districts can integrate online LS into remote teacher education programs and online courses.Originality/valueThis study is original work that has not been published elsewhere.

scholarly journals Municipal finance for housing: local government approaches to financing housing in cities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Feather
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Housing Policy ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Urban Poor ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Municipal Finance ◽  
Housing Needs ◽  
National Governments

Housing policy is usually seen as the domain of national governments, and in many countries local authorities have relinquished direct engagement in the promotion of adequate housing. High costs associated with related policies and programmes are often cited as justification for minimal involvement, leading to fewer community-level interventions on affordable formal housing. This article presents financial approaches for local government leaders and decision-makers to consider in furthering affordable access to adequate housing for their citizens. The article argues that when local governments engage on housing with innovation and financial pragmatism, the housing needs of the urban poor and vulnerable can be better served. KeywordsMunicipal finance, local government, affordable housing, fiscal policy, cities, capacity-building

An interpretative phenomenological analysis of dignity in people with multiple sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 686-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarína Žiaková ◽  
Juraj Čáp ◽  
Michaela Miertová ◽  
Elena Gurková ◽  
Radka Kurucová
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Fighting Spirit ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Using Data

Background: Dignity is a fundamental concept in healthcare. The symptoms of multiple sclerosis have a negative effect on dignity. Understanding of lived experience of dignity in people with multiple sclerosis is crucial to support dignity in practice. Research aim: The aim was to explore the sense of dignity experienced by people with multiple sclerosis. Research design and participants: An interpretative phenomenological analysis design was adopted, using data collected through face-to-face interviews with 14 participants. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the faculty Ethical Committee (No. EC 1828/2016). Findings: Four interconnected superordinate themes emerged from analysis: Loss of a fully-fledged life: Violating the dignity-of-self; To accept and fight: Promoting the dignity-of-self; Contempt and rudeness: Indignity-in-relation; and Those who know and see, help: Promoting dignity-in-relation. The loss of former fully-fledged life has a dramatic impact on integrity and impaired dignity-of-self. Accepting illness and changed identity impaired by multiple sclerosis was the step that the participants considered to be important for reacquiring the sense of dignity. The participants encountered misunderstandings, prejudices, embarrassment, insensitive remarks, labelling, unwillingness and impersonal treatment as indignities. Acceptance of their condition, needed support, the feeling of being part of a group, sensitivity and the sharing of problems had a positive effect on their dignity. Discussion: Continual changes in functional ability threaten an individual’s identity and were experienced as violations of dignity. Based on this, participant’s dignity-of-self was not a moral, but much more existential value. Acceptance of changed identity and fighting spirit were important for restoring their dignity-of-self. The misunderstandings, prejudices and unwillingness had a negative impact on their dignity-in-relation. On the other side, support from others in fighting promoted their dignity-in-relation. Conclusion: Dignity is manifested as a complex phenomenon of lived experience of people with multiple sclerosis and also an umbrella concept for providing good quality of person-centred care.

Does Legitimacy Matter?

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 689-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary LaFree ◽  
Nancy A. Morris
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Legitimacy ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Institutional Authority ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The Law ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Compliance With The Law

Legitimacy is conceptualized as subjective individual attitudes and expectations about formal institutional authority and is often thought of as a reservoir of trust or goodwill that formal governing authorities draw on to secure acceptance and compliance with the law. Recent public opinion surveys in predominantly Muslim countries report declining support for U.S. government and policy, as well as increasing support for Muslim-based groups that attack the United States. Based on prior research within the United States showing that perceptions of legitimacy are related to both acceptance and compliance with the law, we examine whether perceptions about the legitimacy of the U.S. government may also be related to support for anti-American transnational terrorist attacks. Using data from more than 3,600 face-to-face interviews with respondents from three Muslim countries, we examine the effects of support for the American government, people, and culture on support for Muslim-based groups that attack Americans. In addition, we examine the effects of perceived domestic institutional legitimacy on support for Muslim-based groups that attack Americans. Our results indicate that individuals who have more favorable attitudes toward American citizens and culture are less likely to support attacks against Americans by Muslim-based groups. We also find that perceived legitimacy in one’s own political institutions, including government, police, and the criminal justice system, is associated with lower levels of support for groups that attack Americans. We discuss the implications of the results for research and policy.

scholarly journals GRANDPARENT CAREGIVERS: THE RELATION BETWEEN SOCIAL NETWORKS AND RESILIENCE

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S678-S679
Author(s):  
Nancy Mendoza ◽  
Christine Fruhauf
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Grandparents Raising Grandchildren ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Grandparent Caregivers ◽  
New Information ◽  
Multiple Challenges ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Grandparents raising grandchildren experience multiple challenges as they take on the unexpected role of caring for their grandchildren, which usually occurs under stressful and stigmatizing conditions. Many of the challenges grandparents experience are well documented in the research. Less attention is given to understanding how a grandparent caregiver’s social network changes when s/he becomes a caregiver and how her/his social network influences resilience. Thus, the purpose of this study was to use social network analysis (SNA) to examine the relation between social networks and resilience in grandparents raising their grandchildren. This was done by conducting face-to-face interviews with twenty grandparents raising grandchildren after they completed a survey measuring social support, social isolation, and resilience. The interview protocol included questions related to participants’ social network, social support, and services. Prior to the interviews, using data from the surveys participants were identified as representing one of four resilience quadrants: resilient, maladaptive, competent, and vulnerable. Qualitative analysis of grandparent’s social networks across groups indicated resilient grandparent caregivers’ networks were structured in a way that provided more opportunities for the inflow of new information and resources. Whereas the proportion of professionals in maladaptive grandparent caregivers’ networks tended to be less than for other networks. This could suggest that for grandparent caregivers, having professionals in one’s network can be beneficial. Findings from the current study provide opportunities for future research such as identifying ways to help grandparent caregivers structure their social networks to promote resilience.

scholarly journals Theoretical and experimental intravascular gas embolism absorption dynamics

1999 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 1287-1295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annette B. Branger ◽  
David M. Eckmann
Keyword(s):  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Gas Embolism ◽  
Absorption Time ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
End Caps ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Initial Geometry

Multifocal cerebrovascular gas embolism occurs frequently during cardiopulmonary bypass and is thought to cause postoperative neurological dysfunction in large numbers of patients. We developed a mathematical model to predict the absorption time of intravascular gas embolism, accounting for the bubble geometry observed in vivo. We modeled bubbles as cylinders with hemispherical end caps and solved the resulting governing gas transport equations numerically. We validated the model using data obtained from video-microscopy measurements of bubbles in the intact cremaster microcirculation of anesthetized male Wistar rats. The theoretical model with the use of in vivo geometry closely predicted actual absorption times for experimental intravascular gas embolisms and was more accurate than a model based on spherical shape. We computed absorption times for cerebrovascular gas embolism assuming a range of bubble geometries, initial volumes, and parameters relevant to brain blood flow. Results of the simulations demonstrated absorption time maxima and minima based on initial geometry, with several configurations taking as much as 50% longer to be absorbed than would a comparable spherical bubble.

scholarly journals Online interaction in higher education: Is there evidence of diminishing returns?

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonatan Castaño-Muñoz ◽  
Teresa Sancho-Vinuesa ◽  
Josep M. Duart
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Online Interaction ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Diminishing Returns ◽  
E Learning ◽  
Face To Face Learning ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Interaction Intensity

<p>Online interaction is considered to be a key aspect of effective e-learning and improved academic achievement. However, few studies have examined how effectiveness varies with the degree of interaction intensity. Using data for 17,090 students from three Catalan universities, in this paper we study the productivity associated with five different levels of interaction intensity in learning. We also compare the results obtained for fully online education with those for face-to-face learning. The analyses show that interaction in online education has diminishing returns, while in face-to-face learning it does not do so in a pure way. These results have implications for determining the optimum level of interaction that should be sought when designing courses and educational policies.</p>

International Training and the Digital Divide: Computer and Email Use in the Philippines

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 277-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley Shrum ◽  
Marcus Ynalvez
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Graduate Training ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Personal Privacy ◽  
Digital Inequality ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Formal Organizations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Scientific System

AbstractWe describe digital technology utilization among knowledge producers who have experienced the alternative training structures. Using data from a face-to-face survey of Filipino scientists, we measure email utilization by scientists in terms of five aspects of access and use, and examine how they vary across place of graduate education. Our questions are: (1) How can we characterize peripheral scientists in terms of their contextual, personal, professional, and educational attributes? (2) How can we characterize their utilization of digital technology? (3) Are there indications that core-based graduate training translates into yet another significant dimension in digital inequality? Our finding suggests that the Philippine scientific system largely reflects the perspective of core-trained male scientists. Filipino scientists are able to utilize digital technology—personal computers, email, and the World Wide Web—but with important qualifications. While scientists at the core have the luxury of architectural, digital, and personal privacy in hardware-software-user interaction, such is not the case for Filipino scientists, who in general have to share digital resources in public spaces within formal organizations. Finally, place of graduation emerges as a new form shaping digital utilization and inequality. The diffusion of digital technology into peripheral scientific systems has been uneven along this newly emerging dimension. Digital inequality construed as simple hardware-software access and use is diminishing, but inequality at the level of advanced hardware-software interaction skills is fast emerging as a new dimension that encapsulates postcolonial relations in science.

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