scholarly journals Economics of Part-Time Farming

1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Wysong
Keyword(s):  
Animal Production ◽  
Full Time ◽  
General Will ◽  
Northeastern Part ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Past ◽  
Farm Operators ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Commercial Farms ◽  
Metropolitan Center

Part-time farming in Maryland and the Northeast with full-time off-farm employment of one or more of the farm operators is competitive income-wise with many types and sizes of commercial farms. Individuals, families, and society in general will benefit in the future from the encouragement of fuller utilization of underutilized or unemployed rural resources to produce marketable agricultural output and subsistence types of food for household and local charitable purposes. Labor extensive types of crop and animal production activities have increased relatively and absolutely during the past decade on Maryland and Northeastern part-time farms. Average characteristics of a sample of 80 part-time farmers showed 1) age of male operator – 44 years, 2) education of operator − 12 years, 3) number of children on the farm − 3 children, 4) years of experience in farming − 15 years, 5) days of off-farm employment − 225 days, 6) proximity of off-farm job to a major metropolitan center − 20 miles and 7) distance to off-farm job − 29 miles.

Pediatrician's Practice Choices: Differences Between Part-time and Full-time Practice

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 764-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy E. Fritz ◽  
John D. Lantos
Keyword(s):  
Career Paths ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Family Patterns ◽  
American Academy Of Pediatrics ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Status Number ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Teaching Responsibilities ◽  
Almost All

A national survey was used to study the differences in career and family patterns of pediatricians who work part-time (PT) vs those who work full-time (FT). A questionnaire mailed to 375 members of the American Academy of Pediatrics asked about age, marital status, number of children, type of practice, hours worked in particular duties, and attitudes about their choices. Sixty-five percent (n = 216) of the questionnaires were completed. The mean age of both the PT and FT women was 40 years, and FT men averaged 46 years. Thirty-seven percent of women had worked PT at some point in their careers; 21% were currently working PT. Only 70% of the FT women were married compared with 97% and 95% of PT women and FT men. The FT women had significantly fewer children (mean 1.27, compared with 2.34 for PT women and 2.39 for FT men). Part-time women in academic medicine tended to do little research or administrative work, but they had more teaching responsibilities. Almost all the PT women were happy with their decisions and careers despite the feeling among many that they had made career compromises. Many of the FT pediatricians wanted to work less. It is concluded that many women, particularly those with children, choose PT work in order to combine career and family duties. These choices may lead to different career paths for women pediatricians. By recognizing these different career paths, it may be possible for academic institutions to benefit from the unique contributions that PT women pediatricians can make.

Improving Workforce Education Learning Outcomes

2018 ◽  
pp. 1368-1390
Author(s):  
Carsten Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Workforce Education ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The U.S

Despite numerous attempts over the past few decades to prepare the U.S. workforce for the increasing challenges of a global economy, educators hear the same complaints from industry about how difficult it is to find highly skilled workers. The growing need to have a higher level of education and different knowledge, skills, and attitudes than in the past brought on by globalization makes the task of preparing workers for tomorrow's workplace even more daunting. Whatever the reason for dropping out, many young people have clearly not responded to the attempt to educate them through full-time schooling, no matter how innovative the program. This chapter argues that more adolescents can be educated in a school system that no longer emphasizes full-time schooling but instead combines part-time school with part-time real-world work experience. To carry out such an approach, it may be time to expand our horizons in the search for solutions, and we can find some guidance in a rather unexpected place, the work of Soviet educator Anton Semyonovich Makarenko. Makarenko's success in training young people to become productive workers includes several concepts and methods that may be useful in improving today's workforce education system.

Flexible `Parts' and Rigid `Fulls': The Limited Revolution in Work-Time Patterns

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Dey
Keyword(s):  
Full Time ◽  
Work Patterns ◽  
Work Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Labour Market Flexibility ◽  
Time Patterns ◽  
Flexible Parts ◽  
Time Work ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Full Time Employment

The evidence indicates that there has been some erosion of the distinction between part-time and full-time employment over the past decade. However, this is almost entirely attributable to the growth in part-time employment, and despite a continuing rigidity in full-time work patterns. It is argued that part-time employment can only make a limited contribution to labour market flexibility so long as full-time work patterns remain inflexible. This paper questions the assumptions sustaining a rigid bifurcation of work into full-time and part-time hours, and considers the case for a more flexible approach to full-time hours in the context of the debate over worksharing.

scholarly journals Marginal Farms – A Micro Development Opportunity

1972 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Schneeberger ◽  
J. G. West
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Rural Residents ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Development Opportunity ◽  
Farm Operators ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Level Of Living

Practically all major speeches on the agenda of farm policy issues have listed the problems of non-commercial farmers as a major item. Operators of non-commercial, or marginal, farms are a very heterogeneous group. They include: (1) operators of medium sized, undercapitalized farms, (2) farm operators who work part-time off-farm to supplement farm income, (3) operators of small, inefficient farms who, because of age, education or handicap, have limited prospects of becoming fully self-supporting either in farming or non-farm occupations, and (4) rural residents who own farms which provide some income; the owner works full-time off-farm.Farmers in this group generally gross less than $10,000 from agricultural production. This is normally considered inadequate for providing an acceptable level of living.

On Part-Time Farming

1974 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
W. Lanny Bateman ◽  
Odell L. Walker ◽  
Raleigh A. Jobes
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Empirical Observation ◽  
Price Changes ◽  
Demand Functions ◽  
Farm Operators ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Time Operators

Economic logic and empirical observation suggest that increasing numbers of part-time farms can have important implications for organization of agricultural production and development of rural areas. Production relationships on part-time farms may differ because:1) Farm operators working off the farm may organize resources and respond to price changes differently than full-time operators;2) Part-time operators may have different demand functions for production inputs, particularly land and labor, and3) Part-time operators may achieve different levels of efficiency than their full-time counterparts.

scholarly journals Differences in the occurrence and characteristics of injuries between full-time and part-time dancers

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e000324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy Jo Vassallo ◽  
Evangelos Pappas ◽  
Emmanuel Stamatakis ◽  
Claire E Hiller
Keyword(s):  
Significant Risk ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
Dance Training ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Professional Dancers ◽  
Dance Companies ◽  
Additional Education

BackgroundProfessional dancers are at significant risk of injury due to the physical demands of their career. Despite their high numbers, the experience of injury in freelance or part-time dancers is not well understood. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the occurrence and characteristics of injury in part-time compared with full-time Australian professional dancers.MethodsData were collected using a cross-sectional survey distributed to employees of small and large dance companies and freelance dancers in Australia. Statistical comparisons between full-time and part-time dancer demographics, dance training, injury prevalence and characteristics were made using χ2, two-tailed Fisher’s exact tests, independent t-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests.ResultsA total of 89 full-time and 57 part-time dancers were included for analysis. A higher proportion of full-time dancers (79.8%) than part-time dancers (63.2%) experienced an injury that impacted on their ability to dance in the past 12 months (p=0.035). Injuries characteristics were similar between groups with fatigue being the most cited contributing factor. Part-time dancers took longer to seek treatment while a higher proportion of full-time dancers were unable to dance in any capacity following their injury.ConclusionMore full-time dancers sustained an injury in the past 12 months, and were unable to dance in any capacity following their injury. However injuries still commonly occurred in part-time dancers without necessarily a large volume of dance activity. Part-time dancers often access general community clinicians for treatment, who may need additional education to practically advise on appropriate return to dance.

scholarly journals Studying Part-Time in Canada's Universities: A Social Change Perspective

1989 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-28
Author(s):  
Paul Anisef
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Postsecondary Education ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
The Past ◽  
Registration Status ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Statistics Canada ◽  
University Undergraduate Students

Part-time university undergraduate students participation in the Canadian postsecondary education system has grown substantially over the past several decades. This growth raises questions concerning the factors influencing students' decisions to enrol full or part-time. The research presented here is based on the 1973-74 and 1983-84 National Postsecondary Student Surveys conducted by Statistics Canada and examines the changing influence of demographic, regional, socioeconomic and financial factors on registration status. The results indicate: (1) a diminishing impact of regional forces in choosing part-time registration status; (2) a dramatic increase of women in part-time studies (particularly older women); (3) that being married and having dependent children has become significantly less of a barrier for enroling part-time; (4) that students from more educationally advantaged backgrounds were more likely to register full-time in both survey years and the effect of parents' education remained unchanged across the surveys; (5) students that either applied for a government loan or borrowed to finance their studies were more likely to enrol full-time; this pattern was clearer for both sexes in 1983/84 than in 1974/75. These detailed findings are evaluated in terms of social changes in Canada, particularly with respect to women's increased participation in education and the labor market. While part-time university students constitute a relatively new clientele in higher education, their number and diversity is likely to grow, increasing our need to acquire new and more detailed information.

scholarly journals DEVALUATION OF THE PRESTIGE OF HIGHER EDUCATION AS A FACTOR IN REDUCING THE NUMBER OF STUDENTS STUDYING BY CORRESPONDENCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (34) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A BELYAEV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Relative Number ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Limited Resources ◽  
Full Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Main Work ◽  
Federal Districts ◽  
Part Time

Higher education in Russia tends to devalue its importance in society. In the past, a person who had a higher education could count on a higher social position and a higher level of remuneration, while now self-employed citizens without education and representatives of working professions receive either the same income or an income higher than the income of those who have a higher education. Distance education has always been an alternative for those who have limited resources for full-time higher education, whether it is financial resources or time occupied by the main work. Now in Russia there is a decrease in the total number of students, as well as a decrease in the number of universities and their branches throughout the country. As it was found in the course of the study, the number of students in all forms increased by 14.6% or almost 700 thousand, and, mainly, the reduction affected those who studied by correspondence. In the context of Federal districts, it is worth highlighting the SFO, where there is the greatest reduction in the relative number of students in branches and in correspondence education. In absolute terms, the largest reduction in the number of students studying by correspondence is observed in the Central Federal district and the Volga Federal district. At the same time, there is an increase in the popularity of full-time and part-time education and a small increase in full-time students.

Improving Workforce Education Learning Outcomes

2016 ◽  
pp. 721-743
Author(s):  
Carsten Schmidtke
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Workforce Education ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Part Time ◽  
The U.S

Despite numerous attempts over the past few decades to prepare the U.S. workforce for the increasing challenges of a global economy, educators hear the same complaints from industry about how difficult it is to find highly skilled workers. The growing need to have a higher level of education and different knowledge, skills, and attitudes than in the past brought on by globalization makes the task of preparing workers for tomorrow's workplace even more daunting. Whatever the reason for dropping out, many young people have clearly not responded to the attempt to educate them through full-time schooling, no matter how innovative the program. This chapter argues that more adolescents can be educated in a school system that no longer emphasizes full-time schooling but instead combines part-time school with part-time real-world work experience. To carry out such an approach, it may be time to expand our horizons in the search for solutions, and we can find some guidance in a rather unexpected place, the work of Soviet educator Anton Semyonovich Makarenko. Makarenko's success in training young people to become productive workers includes several concepts and methods that may be useful in improving today's workforce education system.

An Australian Bureau of Education for the Handicapped. A present-day imperative

1980 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-25
Author(s):  
Brian E. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Special Education ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Special Education Services ◽  
Australian Capital Territory ◽  
Special Schools ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
School Population ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Special Classes

Today there are approximately three million children in Australian schools. Of these 35,268 are in full time special classes or special schools. A further 21,194 are receiving special education help through part-time special classes, while an additional 2,569 are receiving help through consultative visiting teacher services (Table 9, 20, Australian Students and their Schools, 1979). On those figures 1.96 per cent of our school population are receiving special education services. As can be seen from Table 1 the number of children receiving special education varies from .99 percent of the school population in the Australian Capital Territory to 6.02 percent in the Northern Territory.

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